On this Day in History ... 14th May

14 May is in May.

1264 Battle of Lewes

1464 Battle of Hexham

1536 Imprisonment and Trial of Anne Boleyn and her Co-Accused

1537 Bigod's Rebellion

1533 Buggery Act

1715 Battle of Preston

1796 Development of Smallpox Vaccine

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 14th May

On 14 May 1027 He was crowned I King France: Capet at Reims Cathedral whilst his father was still living.

On 14 May 1332 King Edward III of England (age 19) spent Easter at the House of the Friars Preachers, Stamford [Map], and paid fifty marks to the friars for damages done by the royal household.s

Letters. 14 May 1354. Letter XXIV. Philippa of Hainault Queen of Edward III (age 39) to Sir John de Edington her Attorney.

Philippa, by the grace of God queen of England, lady of Ireland, and duchess of Aquitaine, to our dear clerk Sir John de Edington, our attorney in the exchequer of our very dear lord the king, sends greeting.

We command you, that you cause all the writs which have been filed from the search lately made by Sir Richard de Cressevill to be postponed until the octaves of Easter next ensuing; to the end that, in the meantime, we and our council may be able to be advised which of the said writs are to be put in execution for our profit, and which of them are to cease to the relief of our people, to save our conscience. And we will that this letter be your warrant therefore.

Given under our privy seal, at Westminster [Map], the 14th day of May, in the year of the reign of our very dear lord the king of England the twenty-eighth.

Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 14th of May [1358], Isabella (age 63) left London and rested at Tottenham, on her way to Hertford. She was accompanied as far as Tottenham by the Countess of Warren (age 62), who dined with her there. She arrived at Hertford the following day; and a payment is recorded of a gift of six shillings and eight pence to the nuns of Cheshunt, who met the Queen at the Cross in the high road, in front of their house.

On 14 May 1457 Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles (age 51) was appointed 175th Knight of the Garter by King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 35).

Chronicle of Gregory 1464. 14 May 1464. Ande the xiiij daye of May nexte aftyr, my Lorde of Mountegeue (age 33) toke hys jornaye toward Hexham from the Newecastelle [Map]. And there he toke that fals Duke Harry Beuford of Somersett (age 28), the Lord Roos (deceased), the Lorde Hungerforde (age 33), Syr Pylyppe Wenteworthe (age 40), Syr Thomas Fyndorne, whythe many o[t]yr; loo, soo manly a man ys thys good Erle Mountegewe, for he sparyd not hyr malysse, nor hyr falssenysse, nor gyle, nor treson, and toke meny of men and slowe many one in that jornaye.

Letters 1536. 14 May 1536. Add. MS. 25,114, f. 160. B. M. 873. Cromwell to Gardiner and Wallop.

The King has deferred answering their letters sent by Salisbury till the arrival of the bailly of Troyes. Has to inform them, however, of a most detestable scheme, happily discovered and notoriously known to all men. They may have heard the rumour of it. Will express to them, however, some part of the coming out, and of the King's proceeding. The Queen's (age 35) incontinent living was so rank and common that the ladies of her privy chamber could not conceal it. It came to the ears of some of the Council, who told his Majesty, although with great fear, as the case enforced. Certain persons of the privy chamber and others of her side were examined, and the matter appeared so evident that, besides that crime, "there brake out a certain conspiracy of the King's death, which extended so far that all we that had the examination of it quaked at the danger his Grace was in, and on our knees gave him (God ?) laud and praise that he had preserved him so long from it." Certain men were committed to the Tower, viz., Marks (age 24) and Norris (age 54) and the Queen's brother (age 33); then she herself was apprehended and committed to the same place; after her Sir Francis Weston (age 25) and Thomas Brereton [A mistake for William?]. Norris, Weston, Brereton, and Marks are already condemned to death, having been arraigned at Westminster on Friday last. The Queen and her brother are to be arraigned tomorrow, and will undoubtedly go the same way. "I write no particularities; the things be so abominable that I think the like was never heard. Gardiner will receive £200 of the £300 that were out amongst these men, notwithstanding great suit hath been made for the whole; which though the King's highness might give in this case, yet his Majesty doth not forget your service; and the third £100 is bestowed of the Vicar of Hell (age 46), upon [whom]1 though it be some charge unto you, his Highness trusteth ye will think it well bestowed." From the Rolls in haste, 14 May.

P.S.—Wallop will not be forgotten, though Cromwell cannot tell at present how much he is to have. The King is highly pleased with the services of both. Signed.

Pp. 3. In Wriothesley's hand. Add. Endd.

Note 1. This word seems to be omitted. The despatch must have been hurriedly written, and two or three verbal errors have been overlooked.

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Chronicle of Greyfriars. 14 May 1537. Also the 14th day of May was brought from the Tower [Map] to Westminster the Lord Darcy (age 70) and Lord Hussey (age 72), and there were condemned to death, but they were had in to the North and there sufferd with Aske (age 37).

Henry Machyn's Diary. 14 May 1560. The xiiij day of May the Quen('s) (age 26) grace removyd from Westmynster by water unto Grenwyche [Map], and as her grace was gohyng by water not so farre as ..., cam by water to her grace master Henry Perse (age 28) owt of F[rance,] with serten tydynges.

On 14 May 1564 Charles IX King France (age 13) was appointed 348th Knight of the Garter by Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland (age 30).

On 30 Mar 1610 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle (age 74) died. On 14 May 1635 Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton (deceased) was buried in Salisbury Cathedral [Map].

Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle: In 1536 he was born to Edward Gorges and Mary Poyntz in Wraxall, Somerset. In 1573 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle acquired the manor of Longford, Wiltshire which had been owned by the Servington aka Cervington family. In 1576 after his marriage to Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton they commissioned the building of a house on the triangular Swedish style on the banks of the Wiltshire River Avon with money from a shipwreck of the Spanish Armada. In 1576 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle and Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton were married secretly. In 1586 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle was knighted at Beddington, Surrey.

On 14 May 1610 Henry IV King France (age 56) was murdered in Paris [Map]. His son Louis XIII King France (age 8) succeeded XIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

Between 10 Apr 1619 and 14 May 1619 William Larkin (age 37) died. The earlier date being when his will was witnessed, the latter date when it was proved.

On 14 May 1631 Mervyn Tuchet 2nd Earl Castlehaven (age 38) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map] for the unnatural crime of sodomy in accordance with the 1533 Buggery Act, committed with his page Laurence (or Florence) FitzPatrick, who confessed to the crime and was executed; and assisting Giles Browning (alias Broadway), who was also executed, in the rape of his wife Anne, Countess of Castlehaven (age 51), in which Lord Castlehaven was found to have participated by restraining her. His son James Tuchet 3rd Earl Castlehaven (age 14) succeeded 3rd Earl Castlehaven, 3rd Baron Audley of Orier in England. He didn't succeed to his father's English titles Baron Audley of Heighley in Staffordshire and Baron Tuchet as a result of his father's attainder.

On 14 May 1643 Louis XIII King France (age 41) died. On 14 May 1643 His son Louis "Sun King" XIV King France (age 4) succeeded XIV King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

Pepy's Diary. 14 May 1660. In the morning when I woke and rose, I saw myself out of the scuttle close by the shore, which afterwards I was told to be the Dutch shore; the Hague was clearly to be seen by us. My Lord went up in his nightgown into the cuddy1, to see how to dispose thereof for himself and us that belong to him, to give order for our removal to-day. Some nasty Dutchmen came on board to proffer their boats to carry things from us on shore, &c., to get money by us. Before noon some gentlemen came on board from the shore to kiss my Lord's hands. And by and by Mr. North (age 24) and Dr. Clerke went to kiss the Queen of Bohemia's' hands, from my Lord, with twelve attendants from on board to wait on them, among which I sent my boy, who, like myself, is with child to see any strange thing. After noon they came back again after having kissed the Queen of Bohemia's (age 63) hand, and were sent again by my Lord to do the same to the Prince of Orange (age 9)2.

Note 1. "A sort of cabin or cook-room, generally in the fore-part, but sometimes near the stern of lighters and barges of burden".-Smyth's Sailor's Word-Book.

Note 2. Son of the Prince of Orange and Mary (age 28), eldest daughter of Charles I afterwards William III He was then in his tenth year, having been born in 1650.

Pepy's Diary. 14 May 1660. So I got the Captain to ask leave for me to go, which my Lord did give, and I taking my boy and judge Advocate with me, went in company with them. The weather bad; we were sadly washed when we came near the shore, it being very hard to land there. The shore is, as all the country between that and the Hague, all sand. The rest of the company got a coach by themselves; Mr. Creed and I went in the fore part of a coach wherein were two very pretty ladies, very fashionable and with black patches, who very merrily sang all the way and that very well, and were very free to kiss the two blades that were with them. I took out my flageolette and piped, but in piping I dropped my rapier-stick, but when I came to the Hague, I sent my boy back again for it and he found it, for which I did give him 6d., but some horses had gone over it and broke the scabbard. The Hague is a most neat place in all respects. The houses so neat in all places and things as is possible. Here we walked up and down a great while, the town being now very full of Englishmen, for that the Londoners were come on shore today. But going to see the Prince (age 9), he was gone forth with his governor, and so we walked up and down the town and court to see the place; and by the help of a stranger, an Englishman, we saw a great many places, and were made to understand many things, as the intention of may-poles, which we saw there standing at every great man's door, of different greatness according to the quality of the person. About 10 at night the Prince comes home, and we found an easy admission. His attendance very inconsiderable as for a prince; but yet handsome, and his tutor a fine man, and himself a very pretty boy. It was bright moonshine to-night. This done we went to a place we had taken to sup in, where a sallet and two or three bones of Mutton were provided for a matter of ten of us which was very strange. After supper the Judge and I to another house, leaving them there, and he and I lay in one press bed, there being two more in the same room, but all very neat and handsome, my boy sleeping upon a bench by me.

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On 14 May 1666 Victor Amadeus King Sardinia was born to Charles Emmanuel II Duke of Savoy (age 31) and Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.29%.

Pepy's Diary. 14 May 1667. Up by 5 o'clock, and when ready down to my chamber, and there with Mr. Fist, Sir W. Batten's (age 66) clerk, who writes mighty well, writing over our report in Mr. Carcasses business, in which we continued till 9 o'clock, that the office met, and then to the office, where all the morning, and so at noon home to dinner, where Mr. Holliard (age 58) come and eat with us, who among other things do give me good hopes that we shall give my father some ease as to his rupture when he comes to town, which I expect to-morrow.

Evelyn's Diary. 14 May 1672. To Dover, Kent [Map]; but the fleet did not appear till the 16th, when the Duke of York (age 38) with his and the French squadron, in all 170 ships (of which above 100 were men-of-war), sailed by, after the Dutch, who were newly withdrawn. Such a gallant and formidable navy never, I think, spread sail upon the seas. It was a goodly yet terrible sight, to behold them as I did, passing eastward by the straits between Dover and Calais in a glorious day. The wind was yet so high, that I could not well go aboard, and they were soon got out of sight. The next day, having visited our prisoners and the Castle, and saluted the Governor, I took horse for Margate, Kent [Map]. Here, from the North Foreland Lighthouse top (which is a pharos, built of brick, and having on the top a cradle of iron, in which a man attends a great sea-coal fire all the year long, when the nights are dark, for the safeguard of sailors), we could see our fleet as they lay at anchor. The next morning, they weighed, and sailed out of sight to the N. E.

Evelyn's Diary. 14 May 1693. Nothing yet of action from abroad. Muttering of a design to bring forces under color of an expected descent, to be a standing army for other purposes. Talk of a declaration of the French King (age 54), offering mighty advantages to the confederates, exclusive of King William (age 42); and another of King James (age 59), with an universal pardon, and referring the composing of all differences to a Parliament. These were yet but discourses; but something is certainly under it. A declaration or manifesto from King James (age 59), so written, that many thought it reasonable, and much more to the purpose than any of his former.

The 1715 Battle of Preston was the final action of the 1715 Jacobite Rebellion. It commenced on 09 Nov 1715 when Jacobite cavalry entered Preston [Map]. Royalist troops arrived in number over the next few days surrounding Preston forcing the Jaocbite surrender. 1463 were taken prisoner of which 463 were English. The Scottish prisoners included:

George Seton 5th Earl of Winton (age 37). The only prisoner to plead not guilty, sentenced to death, escaped from the Tower of London [Map] on 04 Aug 1716 around nine in the evening. Travelled to France then to Rome.

On 24 Feb 1716 William Gordon 6th Viscount Kenmure was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map].

On 09 Feb 1716 William Maxwell 5th Earl Nithsale was sentenced to be executed on 24 Feb 1716. The night before his wife (age 35) effected his escape from the Tower of London [Map] by exchanging his clothes with those of her maid. They travelled to Paris then to Rome where the court of James "Old Pretender" Stewart (age 26) was.

James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater (age 25) was imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map]. He was examined by the Privy Council on 10 Jan 1716 and impeached on 19 Jan 1716. He pleaded guilty in the expectation of clemency. He was attainted and condemned to death. Attempts were made to procure his pardon. His wife Anna Maria Webb Countess Derwentwater (age 23), her sister Mary Webb Countess Waldegrave (age 20) [Note. Assumed to be her sister Mary], their aunt Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 44), Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland appealed to King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 54) in person without success.

On 24 Feb 1716 James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater (age 25) was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map]. Earl Derwentwater, Baronet Radclyffe of Derwentwater in Cumberland forfeit.

William Murray 2nd Lord Nairne was tried on 09 Feb 1716 for treason, found guilty, attainted, and condemned to death. He survived long enough to benefit from the Indemnity Act of 1717.

General Thomas Forster of Adderstone (age 31) was attainted. He was imprisoned at Newgate Prison, London [Map] but escaped to France.

On 14 May 1716 Henry Oxburgh was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Gile's in the Fields. His head was spiked on Temple Bar.

The trials and sentences were overseen by the Lord High Steward William Cowper 1st Earl Cowper (age 50) for which he subsequently received his Earldom.

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Minutes of the Society of Antiquaries. 14 May 1718. Mr Borkol [?] informed us his trees in Dean's Yard, Westminster were planted by Dr Feckenham last Abbot of Westminster.

Mr Gosling presented each Member with a print from his two Plates of Lord Bacon, for which thanks of the Society are returned to him, and Mr Director (age 40) is ordered to present him with a couple of prints of St James' Font in their names.

Mr President (age 57) exhibited a curious ancient deed, dated MCLXXVI [1426] 22:H:II being a Pacification between the Abbot of Canterbury and the men of the Isle of Thanet whereto are 124 witnesses cum pluribus alus[?] [with more]. Tis printed in the Dorom Scriptures into Chronica [?] p 1827. Edit 1652 but without the Witnesses.

The Secretary (age 30) read a letter which gives an Account of a fine font in Ely Cathedral [Map], vast numbers of beautiful and with other monuments there, some pretty ancient. Opposite the door of the North Cross Isle, the pictures of the Archbishop of York, the Earl of Northumberland, and [?] other Bps [Bishops] who held out the Town against William the Conq. They are very ancient and pretty entire.

Avebury by William Stukeley. Table XVIII. The Entrance of Kennet avenue into Abury [Map] 14 May 1724.

On 14 May 1727 Thomas Gainsborough was baptised.

On 14 May 1733 Elizabeth Letitia Winn was born to Rowland Winn 4th Baronet (age 27) and Susanna Henshaw Lady Winn (age 23). On 18 May 1733 she was baptised at St Anne's Church, Soho [Map].

After 14 May 1737. Grave of Archdeacon Thomas Howson at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

On 14 May 1750 William Windham was born to William Windham (age 33) at 6 Golden Square, Soho.

On 14 May 1751 Mary Churchill Duchess Montagu (age 61) died. Monument in St Edmund's Church, Warkton [Map]. Sculpted by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 48). Erected by her Daughter, Lady Mary Montagu. The monument is adorned with figures representing the three fates of Clotho-, Atropos- and Lachesis-, arranged to show the cutting of Mary's life thread, and Lachesis' dismay at it being cut short. Three putti also figure on the monument, one of whom holds the spindle from which the thread was cut.

Clotho-: Clotho- is one of the Three Fates. She spins the thread of human life.

Atropos-: Atropos- is one of the Three Fates. She cuts the thread of human life.

Lachesis-: Lachesis- is one of the Three Fates. She measures the thread of human life.

On 14 May 1771 Louis XVIII King France (age 15) and Maria Joséphine of Savoy (age 17) were married. She the daughter of Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia (age 45) and Infanta Maria Antonia Spain (age 41). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.

On 14 May 1796 Edward Jenner (age 46) inoculated eight year old James Phipps against smallpox using pus from the cowpos blisters of milkmaid Sarah Nelmes. He later injected the boy with variolous material without disease following. The boy's response indicated he was immune to smallpox. He then tested a further twenty-three people including his eleven month old son Robert. Within years the whole of Europe had been innoculated against smallpox.

After 14 May 1812. St Mary's Church, Long Newton [Map], Memorial to Reverend Charles Plumptre.

Archaeologia Volume 32 Section X. Letter from the Viscount Mahon (age 41), President, FRS. &c. &c., to Sir Henry Ellis (age 68) K.H. Secretary upon the wish expressed to his Lordship by Prince Alexander Labanoff to obtain the opinion of the best English Antiquaries respecting the alleged Residence of Mary Queen of Scots at Hardwick Hall [Map].

Read 14 May 1846.

My dear Sir Henry

Grosvenor Place, May 11. 1846.

In a letter dated St Petersburg the 15th of March last, which I have received fron Prine Alexander Labanoff, the accomplished editor of the "Correspondence of Queen Mary of Scots," he expresses anxiety to ascertain the opinion of the best English antiquaries respecting the alleged residence of that princess at Hardwick Hall [Map], as is well known, the property of the Duke of Devonshire. He states, that in 1839 some doubts were expressed to him by le savant Dr. Hunter (age 63), meaning I conclude, our esteemed brother-member of the Society of Antiquaries the Rev. Joseph Hunter (age 63), whether in reality Queen Mary had ever been at Hardwick [Map]. At the time when those doubts were expressed to him Prince Labanoff did not concur in them; but, on a further comparison of dates and consideration of circumstances, he has become convinced that those doubts are perfectly well founded. "After long research," says he, "I am bound to acknowledge that no trace exists of any visit of Mary Stuart to Hardwick Hall [Map]: on the contrary, her correspondence appears to prove that she never was at that place."

Considering the interest which is raised by every particular in the life of Queen Mary of Scots, and the minuteness of the local traditions which assert her residence at Hardwick [Map] and point to traces of her stay, I think that the question thus brought before us by Prince Labanoff is by no means undeserving the attention and research of any British antiquary conversant in the history of that period.

Believe me,

Ms dear Sir Henry,

Yours very sincerely,

MAHON, P. (age 41)

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Letters of Christina Rossetti. 56 Euston Square, N.W.

Friday afternoon, 14th. [May 1869]1

My dear Miss Boyd (age 44)

Thank you warmly for so exceedingly kind an invitation, concerning which I will only put forward one regret, that Mrs Epps [Note. Not clear who Mrs Epps is since Laura Theresa Epps (age 17) didn't marry Lawrence Alma-Tadema (age 33) until 1871] should lose what might so have refreshed her both in mind and in body. And indeed, if I may, I will say that should it after all turn out that she could visit lovely Penkill you will without hesitation let me know your altered plans to which I shall most readily conform mine. On the other hand if I go, it will be a special indulgence to travel with the Scotts [Note. William Bell Scott (age 58) and Letitia Margery Norquoy] and as you give me so generous a latitude I will even feel housed at the Castle until a companion offers with whom to start south again;-the journey being somewhat formidably lengthy. But this, of course, only in case it brings my visit within not altogether unreasonable dimensions. How very kind you are to me, and how much I should like to make my gratitude obvious to you. Knowing what a Dear Mrs Scott is, I think she will kindly let me know her plans in due course: meanwhile I expect to run down to Gloucester next week on a little visit to my Uncle if he will have me, but to be up again in time for Penkill.

My love, please, to Mrs Scott, and a kindred sentiment to Mr Scott (age 58). We saw Gabriel (age 41) last night, but I know nothing at all about his summer plans.2

My Mother (age 69) desires her most cordial remembrances to you, and adds her thanks to mine on my behalf.

Always and affectionately yours

Christina G. Rossetti (age 38).

I expect you will find me quite a different order of being this year as regards walking, and I mean to trim up my old hat for possible croquet.

Note 1. Endorsed: "1867." CGR returned to Penkill in 1869, from 9 June to 22 July, not in 1867.

Note 2. DGR (age 41) was at Penkill from mid-August to 20 September.

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On 14 May 1912 Frederick VIII King Denmark (age 68) died. His son Christian X King Denmark (age 41) succeeded X King Denmark.

After 14 May 1923. St Oswald's Church, Brereton [Map]. Memorial to Thomas Nock, Schoolmaster and Organist for thirty years.

Births on the 14th May

On 14 May 1414 Francis Montfort I Duke Brittany was born to John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 24) and Joan Valois Duchess Brittany (age 23). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.83%.

On 14 May 1605 Elizabeth Willoughby Lady Griffith was born to Henry Willoughby 1st Baronet (age 25) and Elizabeth Knollys (age 26).

On 14 May 1606 Henry Manners was born to George Manners (age 34) and Grace Pierrepont (age 31).

On 14 May 1614 Robert Hamilton was born to Thomas Hamilton 1st Earl Haddington (age 51).

On 14 May 1660 Francis Coke was born to William Coke.

On 14 May 1666 Victor Amadeus King Sardinia was born to Charles Emmanuel II Duke of Savoy (age 31) and Marie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.29%.

Before 14 May 1727 Thomas Gainsborough was born.

On 14 May 1733 Elizabeth Letitia Winn was born to Rowland Winn 4th Baronet (age 27) and Susanna Henshaw Lady Winn (age 23). On 18 May 1733 she was baptised at St Anne's Church, Soho [Map].

On 14 May 1750 William Windham was born to William Windham (age 33) at 6 Golden Square, Soho.

On 14 May 1756 Henry Oxenden 7th Baronet was born to Henry Oxenden 6th Baronet (age 34) and Margaret Chudleigh Lady Oxenden (age 32).

On 14 May 1766 James Buller was born to James Buller (age 26).

On 14 May 1766 Digby Mackworth was born to Herbert Mackworth (age 29) and Eliza Trefusis (age 28).

On 14 May 1772 William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle was born to George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle (age 48) and Anne Miller Countess Albermarle (age 46). He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 14 May 1774 Thomas Pakenham 2nd Earl Longford was born to Edward Pakenham 2nd Baron Longford (age 31) and Catherine Rowley Baroness Longford (age 26).

On 14 May 1781 Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Fane was born to Henry Fane of Fulbeck (age 42) and Anne Buckley Batson (age 23).

On 14 May 1786 Captain Robert Rodney was born to George Rodney 2nd Baron Rodney (age 32) and Anne Harley Baroness Rodney (age 26).

On 14 May 1796 William John Monson 6th Baron Monson was born to Colonel William Monson (age 35) and Anne Debonnaire.

On 14 May 1806 Berkeley Wodehouse was born to John Wodehouse 2nd Baron Wodehouse (age 35) and Charlotte Norris Baroness Woodhouse.

On 14 May 1808 Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Fitzroy was born to Henry Fitzroy (age 38) and Caroline Pigot (age 33).

On 14 May 1813 Admiral Edward Southwell Sotheby was born to Admiral Thomas Sotheby (age 54) and Mary Anne Bourke.

On 14 May 1819 Anne Wentworth-Fitzwilliam was born to Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam 5th and 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam (age 33) and Mary Dundas (age 31). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%.

On 14 May 1820 Henry Bunbury Blake was born to Henry Charles Blake 4th Baronet (age 25).

On 14 May 1833 Jane St Maur Blanche Stanhope Marchioness Conyngham was born to Charles Stanhope 4th Earl of Harrington (age 53) and Maria Foote Countess Harrington.

On 14 May 1838 Charles Shelley 5th Baronet was born to John Shelley (age 32).

On 14 May 1853 Philip Sidney 3rd Baron De Lisle and Dudley was born to Philip Sidney 2nd Baron De Lisle and Dudley (age 25) and Mary Foulis (age 26). He a great grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.

On 14 May 1854 Herbert Gibbs 1st Baron Hunsdon was born to Henry Hucks Gibbs 1st Baron Aldenham (age 34) and Louisa Anne Adams Baroness Aldenham (age 35).

On 14 May 1855 Cecil Charles Cavendish was born to William Henry Frederick Cavendish (age 37) and Emily Augusta Lambton (age 31).

On 14 May 1859 Adeline Gertrude Denison Beckett-Denison was born to William Beckett-Denison (age 32) and Helen Duncombe (age 28).

On 14 May 1880 James Ian Macpherson 1st Baron Strathcarron was born.

On 14 May 1892 Vera Estelle Fraser Countess Cathcart was born.

On 14 May 1912 Pamela Wellesley was born to Richard Wellesley (age 32).

On 14 May 1942 Nicholas John Harington 14th Baronet was born to John Charles Dundas Harington (age 38) and Lavender Cecilia Denny.

Marriages on the 14th May

After 14 May 1462 Louis Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol (age 44) and Maria Savoy (age 14) were married. The difference in their ages was 30 years. She the daughter of Louis Savoy I Count Savoy (age 49) and Anne Cyprus Countess Savoy (age 43). He the son of Peter Luxemburg I Count Saint Pol and Margherita Baux (age 68). He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England.

On 14 May 1468 Jean III Brosse and Louise of Laval (age 27) were married. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.

On 14 May 1488 Rene Valois Duke Alençon (age 34) and Margaret Lorraine Duchess Alençon (age 25) were married. She by marriage Duchess Alençon. She the daughter of Frederick Lorraine Count Vaudémont and Yolande Valois Anjou. He the son of John Valois II Duke Alençon and Marie Armagnac Duchess Alençon. They were fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry III of England.

On 14 May 1582 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain II Archduke Austria (age 52) and Anna Caterina Gonzaga Archduchess Austria (age 16) were married. She by marriage Archduke Austria. The difference in their ages was 36 years. He the son of Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor and Anne Jagiellon Holy Roman Empress. They were uncle and niece. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward III of England.

On or after 14 May 1597, the date of the license, Thomas Vavasour (age 37) and Mary Dodge were married.

On 14 May 1602 Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage (age 16) and Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Thomas Darcy 1st Earl Rivers (age 37) and Mary Kitson Countess Rivers (age 35).

On 14 May 1615 William Maynard 1st Baron Maynard (age 28) and Anne Everard Baroness Maynard (age 21) were married at St Mary's Church, Little Easton [Map]. They had 2 sons and 5 daughters.

On 14 May 1683 Louis Christian Count of Stolberg Gedern (age 31) and Christine of Mecklenburg Güstrow (age 19) were married.

On 14 May 1711 Reverend Barton Wallop and Camilla Powlett-Smyth were married. They had two children. They were second cousins.

On 14 May 1722 James Tuchet 6th Earl Castlehaven and Elizabeth Arundell Countess Castlehaven (age 29) were married. She by marriage Countess Castlehaven. He the son of James Tuchet 5th Earl Castlehaven and Anne Pelson Countess Castlehaven.

On 02 Jun 1762 Thomas Charles Bunbury 6th Baronet (age 22) and Sarah Lennox Lady Bunbury (age 17) were married. The marriage was dissolved in Feb 1769 since she had had a child with William Gordon (age 18) in 1768. The decree for divorce was issued on 14 May 1776. One of her daughters with Colonel George Napier (age 11), Emily Louisa Augusta Napier Lady Bunbury, would subsequently marry Charles Bunbury's nephew and heir Henry Edward Bunbury 7th Baronet. She the daughter of Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond and Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond. She a great granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 14 May 1771 Louis XVIII King France (age 15) and Maria Joséphine of Savoy (age 17) were married. She the daughter of Victor Amadeus III King Sardinia (age 45) and Infanta Maria Antonia Spain (age 41). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland.

On 14 May 1781 John Turner aka Dryden 1st Baronet (age 28) and Elizabeth Dryden (age 27) were married.

On 14 May 1808 John Thomas Duckworth 1st Baronet (age 61) and Susannah Catherine Buller were married. She the daughter of Bishop William Buller and Anne Thomas.

Before 14 May 1813 Admiral Thomas Sotheby (age 54) and Mary Anne Bourke were married. She the daughter of Bishop Joseph Bourke 3rd Earl of Mayo.

On 14 May 1823 William Lascelles (age 24) and Caroline Georgiana Howard (age 19) were married. She the daughter of George Howard 6th Earl Carlisle (age 49) and Georgiana Cavendish Countess Carlisle (age 39). He the son of Henry Lascelles 2nd Earl Harewood (age 55) and Henrietta Sebright Countess Harewood.

On 14 May 1833 George Brodrick (age 26) and Ellen Griffiths were married.

On 14 May 1835 Henry Thoby Prinsep (age 42) and Sarah Monckton Pattle (age 18) were married at Calcutta, India. The difference in their ages was 24 years.

Before 14 May 1864 Salomon James de Rothschild (age 29) and Adèle von Rothschild (age 21) were married. They were half first cousin once removed.

Deaths on the 14th May

On 14 May 1080 Bishop Walchere of Lorraine aka Lotharingia died.

On 14 May 1219 William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke (age 73) died. On 14 May 1219 His son William "The Younger" Marshal 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 29) succeeded 2nd Earl Pembroke.

On 14 May 1238 Roger Zouche (age 63) died at Ashby-de-la-Zouch, Leicestershire.

On 14 May 1292 Isabella Vipont (age 38) died.

On 14 May 1329 John St John (age 36) died at Faumont.

On 14 May 1329 John St John 1st Baron St John Basing (age 55) died at Basing, Hampshire. His son Hugh St John 2nd Baron St John Basing (age 18) succeeded 2nd Baron St John Basing. Mirabelle Wake Baroness St John Basing by marriage Baroness St John Basing.

On 14 May 1414 Roger Cheney (age 51) died at Tower of London [Map].

On 14 May 1431 Margaret Tiptoft Baroness Scrope Bolton (age 66) died.

On 14 May 1445 Walter Cotton of Langwade (age 56) died at Landwade.

On 14 May 1462 Jeanne of Bar Countess Soissons (age 47) died. Her son John Luxemburg Count Soissons succeeded Count Soissons.

Before 14 May 1523 Anne Green Baroness Vaux of Harrowden (age 34) died.

On 14 May 1531 William de Montmorency (age 78) died.

On 14 May 1555 Katherine Stafford Countess of Westmoreland (age 56) died at Holywell, the house of her son-in-law the earl of Rutland (age 28), in the parish of Shoreditch.

Before 14 May 1561 Cecily Cromer (age 51) died.

On 14 May 1590 Edmund Trafford (age 63) died.

On 14 May 1598 Frances Howard Countess Hertford (age 44) died.

On or before 14 May 1604 Alice Bradbridge (age 80) died. She was buried at St Clements Church on 14 May 1604.

On 30 Mar 1610 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle (age 74) died. On 14 May 1635 Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton (deceased) was buried in Salisbury Cathedral [Map].

Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle: In 1536 he was born to Edward Gorges and Mary Poyntz in Wraxall, Somerset. In 1573 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle acquired the manor of Longford, Wiltshire which had been owned by the Servington aka Cervington family. In 1576 after his marriage to Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton they commissioned the building of a house on the triangular Swedish style on the banks of the Wiltshire River Avon with money from a shipwreck of the Spanish Armada. In 1576 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle and Helena Snakenbourg Marchioness Northampton were married secretly. In 1586 Thomas Gorges of Longford Castle was knighted at Beddington, Surrey.

On 14 May 1610 Henry IV King France (age 56) was murdered in Paris [Map]. His son Louis XIII King France (age 8) succeeded XIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

Between 10 Apr 1619 and 14 May 1619 William Larkin (age 37) died. The earlier date being when his will was witnessed, the latter date when it was proved.

On 14 May 1629 Jean Gordon Countess Bothwell and Sutherland (age 83) died at Dunrobin Castle, Dunrobin.

On 14 May 1631 Mervyn Tuchet 2nd Earl Castlehaven (age 38) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map] for the unnatural crime of sodomy in accordance with the 1533 Buggery Act, committed with his page Laurence (or Florence) FitzPatrick, who confessed to the crime and was executed; and assisting Giles Browning (alias Broadway), who was also executed, in the rape of his wife Anne, Countess of Castlehaven (age 51), in which Lord Castlehaven was found to have participated by restraining her. His son James Tuchet 3rd Earl Castlehaven (age 14) succeeded 3rd Earl Castlehaven, 3rd Baron Audley of Orier in England. He didn't succeed to his father's English titles Baron Audley of Heighley in Staffordshire and Baron Tuchet as a result of his father's attainder.

On 14 May 1643 Louis XIII King France (age 41) died. On 14 May 1643 His son Louis "Sun King" XIV King France (age 4) succeeded XIV King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

On 14 May 1673 Garrard Napier 1st Baronet (age 66) died. His son Nathaniel Napier 2nd Baronet (age 37) succeeded 2nd Baronet Napier of Middle Marsh in Dorset. Blanche Wyndham Lady Napier by marriage Lady Napier of Middle Marsh in Dorset.

On 14 May 1698 John Burrard (age 52) died.

On 14 May 1704 Hill Brooke (age 68) died.

On 14 May 1712 Pope Danvers 2nd Baronet (age 67) died. He was buried at St Mary the Virgin Church, Culworth [Map]. His son John Danvers 3rd Baronet (age 38) succeeded 3rd Baronet D'Anvers of Culworth in Northamptonshire.

The 1715 Battle of Preston was the final action of the 1715 Jacobite Rebellion. It commenced on 09 Nov 1715 when Jacobite cavalry entered Preston [Map]. Royalist troops arrived in number over the next few days surrounding Preston forcing the Jaocbite surrender. 1463 were taken prisoner of which 463 were English. The Scottish prisoners included:

George Seton 5th Earl of Winton (age 37). The only prisoner to plead not guilty, sentenced to death, escaped from the Tower of London [Map] on 04 Aug 1716 around nine in the evening. Travelled to France then to Rome.

On 24 Feb 1716 William Gordon 6th Viscount Kenmure was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map].

On 09 Feb 1716 William Maxwell 5th Earl Nithsale was sentenced to be executed on 24 Feb 1716. The night before his wife (age 35) effected his escape from the Tower of London [Map] by exchanging his clothes with those of her maid. They travelled to Paris then to Rome where the court of James "Old Pretender" Stewart (age 26) was.

James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater (age 25) was imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map]. He was examined by the Privy Council on 10 Jan 1716 and impeached on 19 Jan 1716. He pleaded guilty in the expectation of clemency. He was attainted and condemned to death. Attempts were made to procure his pardon. His wife Anna Maria Webb Countess Derwentwater (age 23), her sister Mary Webb Countess Waldegrave (age 20) [Note. Assumed to be her sister Mary], their aunt Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond (age 44), Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland appealed to King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 54) in person without success.

On 24 Feb 1716 James Radclyffe 3rd Earl Derwentwater (age 25) was beheaded on Tower Hill [Map]. Earl Derwentwater, Baronet Radclyffe of Derwentwater in Cumberland forfeit.

William Murray 2nd Lord Nairne was tried on 09 Feb 1716 for treason, found guilty, attainted, and condemned to death. He survived long enough to benefit from the Indemnity Act of 1717.

General Thomas Forster of Adderstone (age 31) was attainted. He was imprisoned at Newgate Prison, London [Map] but escaped to France.

On 14 May 1716 Henry Oxburgh was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Gile's in the Fields. His head was spiked on Temple Bar.

The trials and sentences were overseen by the Lord High Steward William Cowper 1st Earl Cowper (age 50) for which he subsequently received his Earldom.

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On 11 May 1722 Reverend John Price died. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Westbury on 14 May 1722. His will was proved on 27 Nov 1722.

On 14 May 1728 Louise Marie Bourbon (age 1) died.

On 14 May 1736 Louis Auguste Bourbon Duke Maine (age 66) died.

On 14 May 1745 Charles Churchill (age 66) died.

On 14 May 1751 Mary Churchill Duchess Montagu (age 61) died. Monument in St Edmund's Church, Warkton [Map]. Sculpted by Louis Francois Roubiliac (age 48). Erected by her Daughter, Lady Mary Montagu. The monument is adorned with figures representing the three fates of Clotho-, Atropos- and Lachesis-, arranged to show the cutting of Mary's life thread, and Lachesis' dismay at it being cut short. Three putti also figure on the monument, one of whom holds the spindle from which the thread was cut.

Clotho-: Clotho- is one of the Three Fates. She spins the thread of human life.

Atropos-: Atropos- is one of the Three Fates. She cuts the thread of human life.

Lachesis-: Lachesis- is one of the Three Fates. She measures the thread of human life.

On 14 May 1752 Miles Stapylton 4th Baronet (age 44) died. He was buried at Bath Abbey [Map] on 18 May 1752. His brother Brian Stapylton 5th Baronet (age 40) succeeded 5th Baronet Stapylton Stapleton of Myton in Yorkshire.

On 14 May 1753 Joseph Cox (age 55) died.

On 14 May 1757 George Chamberlayne (age 54) died.

On 14 May 1761 Louisa Egerton Countess Gower (age 38) died.

On 14 May 1763 Isabella Blackett Countess Buchan (age 72) died in Hanover Square.

On 14 May 1763 Chaworth Brabazon 6th Earl Meath (age 77) died. His brother Edward Brabazon 7th Earl Meath (age 72) succeeded 7th Earl Meath.

On 14 May 1790 Stephen Moore 1st Earl Mount Cashell (age 59) died. His son Stephen Moore 2nd Earl Mount Cashell (age 20) succeeded 2nd Earl Mount Cashell. Margaret King Baroness Monthermer (age 17) by marriage Baroness Monthermer.

On 14 May 1798 Henry Agar (age 64) died.

On 14 May 1804 Archdeacon William Whitworth died. He left £45,000 in his will to his great nephew Robert Stuart Hurst aka Whitworth (age 10) who changed his name from Hurst to Whitworth.

On 14 May 1807 James Allgood (age 57) died. He was buried in the Chancel of St Mungo's Church, Simonburn [Map].

On 14 May 1812 William Eliott 6th Baronet (age 45) died. His son William Francis Eliott 7th Baronet (age 20) succeeded 7th Baronet Eliott of Stobs.

On 14 May 1833 John Evelyn 4th Baronet (age 75) died unmarried. His brother Hugh Evelyn 5th Baronet (age 64) succeeded 5th Baronet Evelyn of Wotton in Surrey.

On 14 May 1842 Charlotte Knight died.

On 14 May 1863 Robert Curzon Baron Zouche (age 89) died.

On 14 May 1864 Salomon James de Rothschild (age 29) died.

On 14 May 1880 Anne Elizabeth Coke (age 53) died.

On 14 May 1905 Lieutenant-Colonel Leonard Howard Irby (age 69) died.

On 14 May 1907 Francis William Seymour died.

On 14 May 1912 Frederick VIII King Denmark (age 68) died. His son Christian X King Denmark (age 41) succeeded X King Denmark.

On 14 May 1922 Mary Victoria Douglas Hamilton (age 71) died.

On 14 May 1925 Mary Leigh Hare (age 72) died.

On 14 May 1930 Mary Josephine Hardcastle Baroness Monkswell (age 80) died.

On 14 May 1943 Blanche Harriet Egerton (age 71) died.

On 14 May 1976 Elspeth Grace Whitaker Marchioness Northampton (age 71) died.

On 14 May 2007 Edward John Chichester 11th Baronet (age 91) died.

On 14 May 2018 Carey Elizabeth Coke (age 84) died.