On this Day in History ... 30th April

30 Apr is in April.

1483 Richard III's Dinner with the Woodvilles

1516 Evil May Day Riots

1520 Cleanse the Causeway

1685 Execution of the Wigtown Martyrs

1694 Invitation to William of Orange from the Immortal Seven

1875 Bunker's Hill Colliery Explosion

1884 Double Heese Darmstadt Marriage

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 30th April

On 30 Apr 783 Himiltrude Unknown Queen Franks Queen Lombardy Holy Roman Empress (age 29) died.

On 30 Apr 1245 Philip "Bold" III King France was born to King Louis IX of France (age 31) and Margaret Provence Queen Consort France (age 24). He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. On the 30th of April [1358], Isabella (age 63) returned to London, where she remained till the 11th of May; having her residence in the house of the Archbishop of York.

It must be remembered that at this period anxious efforts were being made by Edward III. to settle terms of a peace with his captive, John of France; and it can hardly be believed that Isabella was inactive in these negotiations. Her presence at Windsor at the festival of St. George, her residence in London, and her frequent communications with the French captives, warrant us in concluding that she did in fact take part in them; and the eager interest with which she watched their progress is proved by an entry in these accounts of a donation on the 10th of May of the considerable sum of six pounds thirteen shillings ( equal in value to about ninety pounds of the present currency ) to a messenger bringing a letter from Sir William de Wynewyk, at Windsor, certifying her of reports of the conclusion of an agreement between the two sovereigns, and of the same sum given by her, the same day, to a courier bearing a letter from Queen Philippa, convey ing the same intelligence.

Archaeologia Volume 35 1853 XXXIII. The following visits, during her [Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 63)] stay in London, are recorded. On the 30th of April, the Countess of Warren to supper (age 62). On the 1st of May, the Countess of Pembroke (age 41) to dinner; and the King after dinner. On the 2nd of May, the Countesses of Warren (age 62) and Pembroke (age 41) to dinner; and the King (age 45), the Prince of Wales (age 27), the Earl of March (age 29), and others, after dinner. On the 3rd of May, the Countess of Pembroke (age 41) and the Maréchal D'Audenham to dinner; and the Earl of Arundel (age 52), "et plures magnates Franciæ1," after dinner. On the 4th, the Count of Tancarville to dinner. On the 5th, the Countesses of Warren and Pembroke and the Maréchal D'Audenham again to dinner; and the Chancellor of England and many French noblemen after dinner. On the 6th the Chief Justice and the Barons of the Exchequer to dinner. On the four following days, the Countesses of Warren, Kent, and Pembroke dine with the Queen; and on the last of the four Sir John de Wynewyk comes to supper. On the 11th, Queen Philippa (age 43) appears to have dined with Isabella, but the entry is partially obliterated; the Earl Marshal and other noblemen came after dinner. On the 12th, the Countess of Pembroke dined, and the Cardinals ( of Périgord and St. Vitalis ), the Archbishop of Sens, and some French noblemen came after dinner. On Sunday the 13th, the Countess of Warren and others from London, as it is expressed, dined; and the King of France, the Chancellor of England, and others, visited the Queen after dinner.

Note 1. and several magnates of France.

Chronicle of Gregory 1439. 30 Apr 1439. And the laste day of Aprylle deyde the Erle of Warwyke (age 57) at Roone [Map]. Ande the same yere the Cardynalle Archebyschoppe of Yorke (age 59), the Byschoppe of Northewyche (age 51), the Byschoppe of Syn Davys and many othyr docters, and the Duke of Northefolke (age 23), the Erle of Stafford (age 36), the Lorde Bowcer, and the Lorde Hungerforde (age 39), with a grete mayny, wente unto Calys; and they hadde the Duke of Orlyaunce (age 44) with hem for to trete of pes by twyne Ingelonde and Fraunce. And there mette with hem the grete lordys of Fraunce, that ys to wyte, of spyrytualle and temporalle, the Archebyschoppe of Raynys (age 59), whythe many moo byschoppys, the Erle of Wendon (age 63), a the Bastarde of Orlyaunce (age 36), and many othyr lordys of Fraunce; and thedyr come the Byschoppe of Spayne and of Colayne, and many moo othyr dyvers contreys that com fro the Counselle of Basylle.

On 30 Apr 1483 King Richard III of England (age 30) met Richard Grey (age 26) and Anthony Woodville 2nd Earl Rivers (age 43) at Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire [Map] who were accompanying King Edward V of England (age 12) to from Ludlow to London. All three had dinner together.

On 30 Apr 1516 the Evil May Day Riots were a protest against foreigners living in London. Apprentices attacked foreign residents. Some of the rioters were later hanged.

On 30 Apr 1520 a skirmish took place on the High Street Edinburgh in which around five hundred supporters of James Hamilton 1st Earl Arran (age 45) fought with a similar number of supporters of Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus (age 31), chiefs of Clan Hamilton and Douglas respectively, over who had control over King James V of Scotland (age 8).

Around eighty of the Hamilton's were killed with the Douglases victorious as a consequence of around eight hundred more supporters arriving under the leadership of Angus' (age 31) brother William Douglas Prior of Coldingham (age 27).

John Montgomerie Master of Eglinton (age 37) was killed.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 30 Apr 1552. The sam day the Kynges (age 14) grase removyd from Westmynster unto Grenwyche [Map] at viij a-cloke in the mornyng.

Letters and Papers 1533. Apr 1553. R. O. 423. The Staple Of Calais.

"Demands to be made of the King's behalf of the merchants of the Staple."

1. That they shall pay the King the sums due this day upon all obligations according to the days of payment. 2. That they shall pay ½d. more on each woolfell that they shall load hereafter to Calais, and 13s. 4d. more on every sack. 3. That they shall bring in bullion for every sack according to law, and not henceforth make any exchanges without licence.

On these conditions the King is willing to take their house and lands in Calais and the Marches, and to accept the other offers made in their supplication, and to grant them liberty to ship and to continue their company, and to pay for no more wools and fells than they shall ship.

In Cromwell's hand, p. 1.

ii. Memoranda on the back of the preceding:—

"For to remember the judgment to be prepared for in the King's great matter.

Item, for the despatch of my lord of Norfolk (age 80).

Item, the bill for the succession, and to rest upon the same.

Item, for to devise for the coronation, and to see presendementtes for the same.

Item, to devise for lands for the Queen.

Item, for the establishment of the Dowager."

In Cromwell's hand.

On 30 Apr 1565 Robert "The Elder" Peake (age 14) commenced his training under Laurence Woodham at the Sign of "The Key" Goldsmith's Row Cheapside.

On 30 Apr 1619 Johannes Spilberg was born.

On 30 Apr 1651 Ferdinand King Bohemia III Holy Roman Emperor (age 42) and Eleonora Gonzaga Queen Consort Bohemia (age 21) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Bohemia. The difference in their ages was 21 years. He the son of Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress. They were second cousin twice removed.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Apr 1669. At noon my wife come to me at my tailor's, and I sent her home and myself and Tom dined at Hercules' Pillars; and so about our business again, and particularly to Lilly's (age 50), the varnisher about my prints, whereof some of them are pasted upon the boards, and to my full content.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Apr 1669. So to the Mr. Cutler's, and there did give Tom, who was with me all day a sword cost me 12s. and a belt of my owne; and set my own silver-hilt sword a-gilding against to-morrow. This morning I did visit Mr. Oldenburgh, and did see the instrument for perspective made by Dr. Wren (age 45), of which I have one making by Browne; and the sight of this do please me mightily.

Pepy's Diary. 30 Apr 1669. Thence to the frame-maker's one Morris, in Long Acre, who shewed me several forms of frames to choose by, which was pretty, in little bits of mouldings, to choose by. This done, I to my coach-maker's, and there vexed to see nothing yet done to my coach, at three in the afternoon; but I set it in doing, and stood by it till eight at night, and saw the painter varnish which is pretty to see how every doing it over do make it more and more yellow; and it dries as fast in the sun as it can be laid on almost; and most coaches are, now-a-days done so, and it is very pretty when laid on well, and not pale, as some are, even to shew the silver. Here I did make the workmen drink, and saw my coach cleaned and oyled; and, staying among poor people there in the alley, did hear them call their fat child Punch, which pleased me mightily that word being become a word of common use for all that is thick and short. At night home, and there find my wife hath been making herself clean against to-morrow; and, late as it was, I did send my coachman and horses to fetch home the coach to-night, and so we to supper, myself most weary with walking and standing so much, to see all things fine against to-morrow, and so to bed. God give a blessing to it! Meeting with Mr. Sheres, he went with me up and down to several places, and, among others, to buy a perriwig, but I bought none; and also to Dancre's (age 44), where he was about my picture of Windsor, which is mighty pretty, and so will the prospect of Rome be.

On 13 Apr 1685 Margaret Wilson (age 18), Agnes Wilson and Margaret McLachlan were indicted as being guilty of conventicles. They were found guilty on all charges, and sentenced to be "tied to palisades fixed in the sand, within the floodmark of the sea, and there to stand till the flood o'erflowed them". Agnes Wilson was subsequently granted freedom on a bond of 100 Pounds Scots. Reprieves were written out for the two Margarets with a date of 30 Apr 1685.

On 30 Apr 1694 Charles Talbot 1st Duke Shrewsbury (age 33) was created 1st Duke Shrewsbury, 1st Marquess Alton by King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 43) in recognition of Charles Talbot 1st Duke Shrewsbury 1660-1718's support of the Glorious Revolution he having been one of the signatories of the Invitation to William of Orange from the Immortal Seven.

On 30 Apr 1789 President George Washington (age 57) was elected 1st President of the United States of America.

After 30 Apr 1789. Monument to Isabella Pilkington (age 8) at Wakefield Cathedral [Map].

Isabella Pilkington: On 29 Aug 1780 she was born to Michael Pilkington 6th Baronet. On 30 Apr 1809 Isabella Pilkington died.

On 30 Apr 1792 William Weddell of Newby (age 55) died. He was buried in Ripon Cathedral [Map]. Monument with bust by Joseph Nollekens (age 54).

William Weddell of Newby: On 13 May 1736 he was born.

On 30 Apr 1823 George Douglas Campbell 8th Duke Argyll was born to John Douglas Edward Henry Campbell 7th Duke Argyll (age 45) and Joan Glassel (age 48) at Ardencaple Castle.

After 30 Apr 1827. Memorial to John Giffard died 05 May 1819 and Ambrose Harding Giffard, eldest son of John, died 30 Apr 1827, at the Church of the Holy Trinity, Weare Giffard.

On 30 Apr 1834 John Lubbock 1st Baron Avebury was born to John Lubbock 3rd Baronet (age 31) and Harriet Hotham.

Over Haddon. On the 30th of April a barrow [Map] [Burton Moor Barrow [Map]] near Over Haddon, in land called Grindlow, was examined as completely as the meeting of three walls on its summit would allow. It had been much mutilated; but fortunately the primitive interments lay too deep to receive injury from the labours of those in search of stone, by whom an important interment of secondary date had been destroyed. The original deposit had been made on the rock a little below the natural surface, and about 5 feet from the top of the mound; it comprised three skeletons, laid in the usual contracted position, two of which were females; with them were one or two rude instruments of flint, and a fine collection of jet ornaments, 73 In number, which form a very handsome necklace. Of these 26 are cylindrical beads, 39 are conical studs, pierced at the back by two holes meeting at an angle in the centre; and the remaining 8 are flat dividing plates, ornamented in the front with a punctured chevron pattern, superficially drilled in the jet; 7 of them are laterally perforated with three holes, to admit of their being connected by a triple row of the cylindrical beads, whilst the 8th, which is of bone, ornamented in the same style, has nine holes at one side, which diminish to three on the other by being bored obliquely. Above these bodies, which were covered with stone, the mound was of unmixed earth, very compact and clayey, and between the stone and earth were many pieces of calcined bone, and numerous splinters of the leg bones of large animals, some of which are likely to have been used as points for weapons. In the earth near the summit of the barrow were some relics of a later interment, probably of a distinguished Saxon, with whom had been deposited a circular enamel, of which only the silver plated frame remained, the latter is engrailed on the front, and engraved with a lozengy pattern round the edge; and a bowl of thin bronze, very neatly made, with a simple hollow moulding round the edge, which when complete was 7 inches diameter, and appears to have had two handles soldered or cemented to the sides. The bowl was broken when found, and no handles were discovered; but it is probable that both they and some other ornaments, as well as another of the bone plates with 9 perforations, which is wanting to complete the necklace, would have been found if the triple wall could have been removed, as the point of junction was directly over the place where the interments lay, which were exhumed by a dangerous undercutting.

On 30 Apr 1869 Philip de László was born in Budapest.

30 Apr 1875. The colliery was the property of Messrs. William Rigby and Company with Mr. George Sumner as the manager. An explosion took place at the colliery which claimed the lives of forty men and boys. The colliery was close to the Talk o’ th’ Hill and Bignall Hall Collieries at which there had been previous disasters. Every precaution was taken for the safety of the men and on the morning of the disaster one hundred went to work in the pit including thirty five into the Eight Feet Banbury seam to work about 800 yards from the shaft.

The colliery was the property of Messrs. William Rigby and Company with Mr. George Sumner as the manager. An explosion took place at the colliery which claimed the lives of forty men and boys. The colliery was close to the Talk o’ th’ Hill and Bignall Hall Collieries at which there had been previous disasters. Every precaution was taken for the safety of the men and on the morning of the disaster one hundred went to work in the pit including thirty five into the Eight Feet Banbury seam to work about 800 yards from the shaft.

Those who died: J. Ashmore, C. Baddeley, T. Beech, D. Boston, W. Boughey, J. Boyd, E. Breeze, J. Buckley, G. Burton, J. Carter, J. Chadwick, D. Charlesworth, I. Cooper, R. Dale H .Dean, T. Dean, D. Fox, E. Hancock, J. Hancock, W. Hancock, J. Higgins, G. Holland, J. Holland, T. Holland, R. Jackson, T. Lawton, J. Lucas, J. Marshall, T. Mason, W. Maxwell, H. Moore, W. Moore, S. Morris, J. Nield, T. Peats, W. Proudlove, J. Rogers, J. Stevenson, J. Stubbs, N. Sumner, T. Thompson, J. Yearsley One unnamed.

The inquest into the disaster was opened at the Swan Inn, Talk o’ th’ Hill, by Mr. J. Booth, Coroner. Mr. Wynne, the Inspector made a thorough inspection of the workings and Mr. S.B. Gilroy, Assistant Inspector, thought the mine was well managed but Mr. Wynne commented

For more than twenty years I have been pointing out what a "farce" it is to prohibit the use of naked lights in mines and yet allow powder to be used and have indulged in the hope that self-preservation would prevail over the more idle method of getting coal by blasting but I am now satisfied that the only safe course to take, is to prohibit all explosives in coal mines, and in a few years the coal owners would wonder how they could have allowed their coals to be blow to atoms and the roofs shaken as they have been for many years and the colliers would find that, having got rid of the impure fumes of the powder and dangers of explosions, together with the comparative safety from falls of roof, they were amply repaid for an extra hour of labour the wedging process would entail. Nothing could more clearly show the advantage of wedging over those of powder than to state of the two downbrows of 600 yards each, which effectually withstood the enormous strain which must have been put on them by the force of the air that must have been driven from the seat of the explosion, to the top of the upcast shaft, not so much as a hundredweight of coal was blown down in them or in the dips the slightest degree injured, or indeed was that proportion of the levels which was driven without blasting.

The only reason assigned for the change from wedging to blasting was, that Mr. Rigby could not compete with his neighbours if he wedged the coal and they blasted theirs so that to meet competition he was obliged to increase production and lessen cost.

In the report made by Mr. Dowdswell there was no doubt that the explosion was caused by a shot fired in a thirling on the East side of the engine brow and he was satisfied that there had been no breach of the rules and the fireman had taken all precautions before he fired the shot. It was thought that the method for firing the shots by a touch paper was most dangerous. It was thought that the fireman went to light the fuse and retired to a place which he thought was safe and opened his lamp to light the touch paper and it was thought that the gas came from the floor of the mine.

The jury returned and open verdict and recommended that blasting should be discontinued in all mines in which safety lamps were used. They also recommended that in opening out new workings, the ventilation should be set by bratticing and not by air pipes.

After 30 Apr 1875. All Saints Church, Old Rode. In Memory of Thomas Beech who was killed in the Bunker's Hill Colliery Explosion.

After 30 Apr 1875. All Saints Church, Old Rode. In Memory of Daniel Fox who was killed in the Bunker's Hill Colliery Explosion.

On 30 Apr 1884 father and daughter, Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke (age 46) and Victoria Hesse Darmstadt Marchioness Milford Haven (age 21), were both married on the same, of near, days, he taking advantage pf his relatives being in Darmstadt for his daughter's wedding. He, apparently, didn't approve of his daughter's choice of his first cousin Prince Louis of Battenburg 1st Marquess Milford Haven (age 29) since they, Prince Louis of Battenburg 1st Marquess Milford Haven (age 29) and Victoria Hesse Darmstadt Marchioness Milford Haven (age 21) would live in Britain.

Prince Louis of Battenburg 1st Marquess Milford Haven (age 29) and Victoria Hesse Darmstadt Marchioness Milford Haven (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke (age 46) and Princess Alice Saxe Coburg Gotha. They were first cousin once removed. She a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

In the evening Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke (age 46) and Alexandrina Hutten Czapska (age 29) were married. She being his former mistress. Apparently, they separated within a week and the marriage was annulled within three months.

On 30 Apr 1900 Lieutenant-General Richard Wilbraham (age 89) died at Rode Hall, Cheshire. Memorial at All Saints Church, Old Rode. He was the last of the male line of Wilbraham's. His estate, including Rode Hall, Cheshire was inherited by his daughter Katharine Frances Wilbraham Lady Wilbraham (age 50) and her husband George Barrington Baker Wilbraham 5th Baronet (age 55).

Katharine Frances Wilbraham Lady Wilbraham: On or before 23 May 1849 she was born to Lieutenant-General Richard Wilbraham and Elizabeth Frances Egerton. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.04%. On 04 Apr 1872 George Barrington Baker Wilbraham 5th Baronet and she were married. On 04 Oct 1911 Frederick Edward Baker aka Rhodes 4th Baronet died unmarried. His brother George Barrington Baker Wilbraham 5th Baronet succeeded 5th Baronet Baker of Loventor in Totnes in Devon. She by marriage Lady Baker of Loventor in Totnes in Devon.

On 30 Apr 1924 William Humble Ward 2nd Earl of Dudley (age 56) and Gertrude "Gertie" Millar Countess of Dudley (age 45) were married. She by marriage Countess of Dudley of Dudley Castle in Staffordshire. He the son of William Ward 1st Earl of Dudley and Georgina Moncrieffe Countess Dudley (age 77).

After 30 Apr 1936. Memorial to Alfred Edward Housman (deceased) whose ashes were scattered in the Churchyard of St Laurence's Church, Ludlow [Map].

Alfred Edward Housman: On 26 Mar 1859 Alfred Edward Housman was baptised at Christ Church, Catshill. On 26 Mar 1859 he was born to Edward Housman and Sarah Jane Williams at Valley House, Fockbury. The eldest of seven children. In 1877 Alfred Edward Housman won an open scholarship to St John's College, Oxford University, and went there to study classics. On 30 Apr 1936 he died.

On 30 Apr 1946 Carl XVI King Sweden was born to Gustaf Adolf Bernadotte (age 40) and Sibylla Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 38). He a great x 2 grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.85%.

Births on the 30th April

On 30 Apr 1245 Philip "Bold" III King France was born to King Louis IX of France (age 31) and Margaret Provence Queen Consort France (age 24). He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 30 Apr 1331 Gaston Phoebus Foix III Count Foix was born to Gaston Foix II Count Foix (age 23) and Eleanore Comminges Countess Foix.

On 30 Apr 1425 William III Duke of Luxemburg was born to Frederick I Duke Saxony (age 55) and Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg (age 30).

On 30 Apr 1514 Alexander Stewart 1st Duke Ross was born to King James IV of Scotland and Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland (age 24) at Stirling Castle [Map]. He a grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.

On 30 Apr 1553 Thomas Bisshopp 1st Baronet was born to Thomas Bisshopp of Henfield in Surrey (age 47) and Elizabeth Belknap.

On 30 Apr 1564 Francis Hay 9th Earl Erroll was born to Andrew Hay 8th Earl Erroll (age 33) and Jean Hay (age 24).

On 30 Apr 1619 Johannes Spilberg was born.

On 30 Apr 1654 Robert Digby 3rd Baron Digby was born to Kildare Digby 2nd Baron Digby (age 23).

On 30 Apr 1668 Thomas Rowney was born to Thomas Rowney of St Giles, London and Catherine Bateman.

On 30 Apr 1700 Charles Frederick Duke of Holstein Gottorp was born to Frederick IV Duke of Holstein Gottorp (age 28) and Hedvig Sophia of Sweden (age 18).

On 30 Apr 1700 Percy Freke 2nd Baronet was born to Ralph Freke 1st Baronet (age 25) and Elizabeth Meade.

On 30 Apr 1718 Catherine Brockholes Duchess Norfolk was born to John Brockholes and Mary Johnson (age 29).

On 30 Apr 1725 Charles Dormer 8th Baron Dormer was born to John Dormer 7th Baron Dormer (age 33).

On 30 Apr 1727 Jane Brydges was born to John Brydges (deceased) and Catherine Tollemache.

On 30 Apr 1746 Matthew Bell of Wolsingham was born.

On 30 Apr 1753 Edward Ward was born to Bernard Ward 1st Viscount Bangor (age 33) and Ann Bligh Viscountess Bangor.

On 30 Apr 1765 George Smith was born to Abel Smith (age 48).

On 30 Apr 1781 Frances Basset 2nd Baroness Basset was born to Francis Basset 1st Baron Dunstanville 1st Baron Basset Stratton (age 23).

On 30 Apr 1784 Montagu Bertie 5th Earl of Abingdon was born to Willoughby Bertie 4th Earl of Abingdon (age 44) and Charlotte Warren.

On 30 Apr 1788 John Charles Ramsden was born to John Ramsden 4th Baronet (age 32) and Louise Ingram Lady Ramsden (age 22).

On 30 Apr 1808 Henry Thomas Hope was born to Thomas Hope (age 38).

On 30 Apr 1809 Charles Nightingale 12th Baronet was born to Charles Ethelston Nightingale 11th Baronet (age 24) and Maria Dickonson Lady Nightingale (age 20) at Shoreditch [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 4.88%.

On 30 Apr 1813 Bertram Wodehouse was born to John Wodehouse 2nd Baron Wodehouse (age 42) and Charlotte Norris Baroness Woodhouse.

On 30 Apr 1823 George Douglas Campbell 8th Duke Argyll was born to John Douglas Edward Henry Campbell 7th Duke Argyll (age 45) and Joan Glassel (age 48) at Ardencaple Castle.

On 30 Apr 1824 Charles Edward Pepys 2nd Earl of Cottenham was born to Charles Christopher Pepys 1st Earl of Cottenham (age 43) and Charlotte Maria Wingfield.

On 30 Apr 1825 Frances Harriet Henslow was born to Reverend John Stevens Henslow (age 29) and Harriet Jenyns (age 28).

On 30 Apr 1834 John Lubbock 1st Baron Avebury was born to John Lubbock 3rd Baronet (age 31) and Harriet Hotham.

On 30 Apr 1847 Reginald Digby was born to Reverend Kenelm Henry Digby (age 40).

On 30 Apr 1869 Philip de László was born in Budapest.

On 30 Apr 1887 Arthur Henry Talbot Chetwynd 7th Baronet was born to Arthur Chetwynd (age 29).

On 30 Apr 1922 Friedrich Ernst Peter Glücksburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg was born to Wilhelm Friedrich Christian Glücksburg Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg (age 30) and Marie Melita Hohenlohe Langenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glücksburg (age 23). He a great x 2 grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

On 30 Apr 1946 Carl XVI King Sweden was born to Gustaf Adolf Bernadotte (age 40) and Sibylla Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 38). He a great x 2 grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. Coefficient of inbreeding 1.85%.

Marriages on the 30th April

On 30 Apr 1290 Gilbert "Red Earl" Clare 7th Earl Gloucester 6th Earl Hertford (age 46) and Joan of Acre Countess Gloucester and Hertford (age 18) were married at Clerkenwell [Map]. She by marriage Countess Gloucester, Countess Hertford. The difference in their ages was 28 years. She the daughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England (age 50) and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England (age 49). He the son of Richard de Clare 6th Earl Gloucester 5th Earl Hertford and Maud Lacy Countess Gloucester and Hertford. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

On 30 Apr 1587 John Newdigate (age 17) and Anne Fitton (age 12) were married at Stepney [Map].

On 30 Apr 1623 Robert Napier 2nd Baronet (age 20) and Frances Thornhurst (age 18) were married.

On 30 Apr 1629 Robert Carr 2nd Baronet (age 14) and Mary Gargrave Lady Carr were married at St James' Church, Clerkenwell. She by marriage Lady Carr of Sleaford in Lincolnshire.

On 30 Apr 1651 Ferdinand King Bohemia III Holy Roman Emperor (age 42) and Eleonora Gonzaga Queen Consort Bohemia (age 21) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Bohemia. The difference in their ages was 21 years. He the son of Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress. They were second cousin twice removed.

On 30 Apr 1674 Nicholas Crispe 2nd Baronet (age 31) and Judith Adrian Lady Crispe were married. She by marriage Lady Crispe of Hammersmith in Middlesex.

On 30 Apr 1702 Charles Knollys 4th Earl Banbury (age 39) and Mary Woods (age 18) were married at St Bride's Church. The difference in their ages was 21 years. He the son of Nicholas Knollys 3rd Earl Banbury and Anne or Abigail Sherard.

On 30 Apr 1713 Charles Fitzroy 2nd Duke Grafton (age 29) and Henrietta Somerset Duchess Grafton (age 22) were married. She by marriage Duchess Grafton. He the son of Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton and Isabella Bennet Duchess Grafton (age 45). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Apr 1747 William Milner 2nd Baronet (age 22) and Elizabeth Mordaunt were married.

On 30 Apr 1771 James Cornwallis 4th Earl Cornwallis (age 28) and Catherine Mann were married. He the son of Charles Cornwallis 1st Earl Cornwallis and Elizabeth Townshend Countess Cornwallis.

On 30 Apr 1779 Charles Hamilton 8th Earl Haddington (age 25) and Sophia Hope (age 20) were married. She the daughter of John Hope 2nd Earl Hopetoun (age 74) and Anne Ogilvy Countess Hopetoun. He the son of Thomas Hamilton 7th Earl Haddington (age 58) and Mary Lloyd Countess Rothes. They were second cousin once removed.

On 30 Apr 1830 Henry William Petre (age 39) and Adeliza Maria Howard were married. They were half first cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Apr 1833 Patrick John Nugent (age 29) and Catherine Vesey were married. They were first cousins.

Before 30 Apr 1838 Charles Thomas Talbot (age 55) and Julia Tichborne were married.

On 30 Apr 1850 Thomas Lyon Bowes 12th Earl Strathmore and Kinghorne (age 27) and Charlotte Maria Barrington Countess of Strathmore (age 24) were married. She by marriage Countess Strathmore and Kinghorne. They were third cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Apr 1853 Charles Frederick Abney-Hastings 1st Baron Donington (age 30) and Edith Maud Rawdon-Hastings 10th Countess Loudon (age 19) were married. She the daughter of George Augustus Francis Rawdon-Hastings 2nd Marquess Hastings and Barbara Yelverton Marchioness Hastings (age 42).

On 30 Apr 1861 Henry Ponsonby (age 35) and Mary Elizabeth Bulteel (age 28) were married. They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Apr 1863 Edmund Charles Nugent 3rd Baronet (age 24) and Evelyn Henrietta Gascoigne Lady Nugent were married.

On 30 Apr 1868 Richard George Glyn 3rd Baronet (age 36) and Frances Geraldine Fitzgerald Lady Glyn (age 24) were married. She by marriage Lady Glyn of Gaunts in Dorset. He a great x 5 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Apr 1879 Thomas Graham Smith and Katharine Lucy Tennant (age 19) were married.

On 30 Apr 1884 father and daughter, Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke (age 46) and Victoria Hesse Darmstadt Marchioness Milford Haven (age 21), were both married on the same, of near, days, he taking advantage pf his relatives being in Darmstadt for his daughter's wedding. He, apparently, didn't approve of his daughter's choice of his first cousin Prince Louis of Battenburg 1st Marquess Milford Haven (age 29) since they, Prince Louis of Battenburg 1st Marquess Milford Haven (age 29) and Victoria Hesse Darmstadt Marchioness Milford Haven (age 21) would live in Britain.

Prince Louis of Battenburg 1st Marquess Milford Haven (age 29) and Victoria Hesse Darmstadt Marchioness Milford Haven (age 21) were married. She the daughter of Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke (age 46) and Princess Alice Saxe Coburg Gotha. They were first cousin once removed. She a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

In the evening Prince Louis Hesse Darmstadt IV Grand Duke (age 46) and Alexandrina Hutten Czapska (age 29) were married. She being his former mistress. Apparently, they separated within a week and the marriage was annulled within three months.

On 30 Apr 1898 Ernest Amherst Villiers (age 34) and Elaine Augusta Guest were married.

On 30 Apr 1898 Major Robert Wentworth Doyne (age 29) and Mary Diana Lascelles (age 20) were married. She the daughter of Henry Thynne Lascelles 4th Earl Harewood and Diana Smyth Countess Harewood (age 60). They were third cousin once removed.

On 30 Apr 1903 George William Montagu-Douglas-Scott (age 36) and Elizabeth Emily Manners (age 25) were married. She the daughter of John James Robert Manners 7th Duke Rutland (age 84) and Janetta Hughan Duchess Rutland. He the son of William Scott 6th Duke Buccleuch 8th Duke Queensberry (age 71) and Louisa Jane Hamilton Duchess Buccleuch and Queensbury (age 66). He a great x 5 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 30 Apr 1912 Captain Francis Percy Campbell Pemberton (age 27) and Winifred Mary Worsley (age 23) were married at Malton.

On 30 Apr 1914 Gerald Wellesley 7th Duke Wellington (age 28) and Dorothy Violet Ashton Duchess Wellington (age 24) were married. The marriage necessary to produce an heir. He bi-sexual, she also. The marriage resulted in two children followed by separation although not divorce. She the daughter of Robert Ashton and Lucy Cecilia Dunn-Garnder Countess Scarborough. He the son of Arthur Charles Wellesley 4th Duke Wellington (age 65) and Kathleen Emily Bulkeley Williams Duchess Wellington (age 65).

On 30 Apr 1917 Lieutenant-Colonel Howard Lister Cooper Baron Lucas and Nan Ino Cooper 10th Baroness Lucas (age 36) were married. He by marriage Baron Lucas of Crudwell.

On 30 Apr 1918 Commander Arthur Asquith (age 35) and Betty Constance Manners (age 28) were married. He the son of Herbert Henry Asquith 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith (age 65) and Helen Kelsall Melland.

On 30 Apr 1924 William Humble Ward 2nd Earl of Dudley (age 56) and Gertrude "Gertie" Millar Countess of Dudley (age 45) were married. She by marriage Countess of Dudley of Dudley Castle in Staffordshire. He the son of William Ward 1st Earl of Dudley and Georgina Moncrieffe Countess Dudley (age 77).

On 30 Apr 1934 Roger Makins 1st Baron Sherfield (age 30) and Alice Brooks Davis were married.

On 30 Apr 1940 Charles Robert Cecil Weld-Forester (age 21) and Moyra Rosamund Butler (age 19) were married. She the daughter of James George Anson Butler 5th Marquess Ormonde (age 50).

On 30 Apr 1941 John Charles Dundas Harington (age 37) and Lavender Cecilia Denny were married.

On 30 Apr 2003 Thomas Rupert Blaise Pennybacker and Flora Mary McDonnell (age 39) were married. She the daughter of Alexander McDonnell 9th Earl of Antrim (age 68) and Sarah Elizabeth Anne Harmsworth.

Deaths on the 30th April

On 30 Apr 783 Himiltrude Unknown Queen Franks Queen Lombardy Holy Roman Empress (age 29) died.

On 30 Apr 1314 James Peverell (age 39) died.

On 30 Apr 1341 John Capet III Duke Brittany (age 55) died. Earl Richmond extinct. The succession of the Duchy of Brittany was disputed between Joan "Lame" Capet Countess Penthièvre (age 22) and John Montfort IV Duke Brittany (age 46) leading to the War of the Breton Succession. Joanna Dampierre Duchess Brittany (age 46) by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. His niece Joan "Lame" Capet Countess Penthièvre (age 22) succeeded Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. Charles "Saint" Chatillon Duke Brittany (age 22) by marriage Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux. His half brother John Montfort IV Duke Brittany (age 46) succeeded IV Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux.

On 30 Apr 1355 John Marmion (age 63) died at Tamworth Castle [Map].

On 30 Apr 1439 Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick (age 57) died at Rouen, France [Map]. He was buried at St Mary's Church, Warwick [Map]. His son Henry Beauchamp 1st Duke Warwick (age 14) succeeded 14th Earl Warwick. Cecily Neville Duchess Warwick (age 15) by marriage Countess Warwick.

On 30 Apr 1467 John Valois Orléans (age 67) died.

On 30 Apr 1467 John le Strange (age 32) died.

On 30 Apr 1480 Henry Statham (age 32) died at Morley [Map].

On 30 Apr 1491 Katherine West (age 31) died.

On 30 Apr 1513 Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk (age 42) was beheaded at Tower Hill [Map] after having been imprisoned for seven years. Duke Suffolk, Marquess Suffolk 1C and Earl Suffolk forfeit.

On 30 Apr 1517 Joan Brereton (age 63) died.

On 30 Apr 1520 a skirmish took place on the High Street Edinburgh in which around five hundred supporters of James Hamilton 1st Earl Arran (age 45) fought with a similar number of supporters of Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus (age 31), chiefs of Clan Hamilton and Douglas respectively, over who had control over King James V of Scotland (age 8).

Around eighty of the Hamilton's were killed with the Douglases victorious as a consequence of around eight hundred more supporters arriving under the leadership of Angus' (age 31) brother William Douglas Prior of Coldingham (age 27).

John Montgomerie Master of Eglinton (age 37) was killed.

Before Oct 1524 Cecily Daubeney Baroness Fitzwarin (age 50) died. He death sometimes given as 30 Apr 1539 although this is inconsistent with his second wife having died in Oct 1524.

On 30 Apr 1529 Christian Lyon Countess Erroll (age 47) died.

Around 30 Apr 1538 Margaret Cave (age 73) died.

On 30 Apr 1539 John Bourchier 1st Earl Bath (age 68) died. He was buried at St Brannock's Church, Braunton. His son John Bourchier 2nd Earl Bath (age 40) succeeded 2nd Earl Bath, 4th Count Eu, 12th Baron Fitzwarin. Eleanor Manners Countess Bath (age 36) by marriage Countess Bath.

On 30 Apr 1543 Ursula Habsburg Spain (age 1) died.

On 30 Apr 1544 Thomas Audley 1st Baron Audley Walden (age 56) died. He was buried at Saffron Walden [Map]. Baron Audley Walden in Essex extinct.

On 30 Apr 1547 Albert Palatinate Simmern died.

On 30 Apr 1564 Sabinam Wittelsbach (age 72) died.

Between 30 Apr 1572 and 23 Jul 1573 Andrew Murray of Arngask and Balvaird died.

On 30 Apr 1587 Anne Fitton (age 12) died at Stepney [Map].

On 30 Apr 1593 Edward Herbert (age 81) died.

On 30 Apr 1596 John Puckering (age 52) died.

Around 30 Apr 1606 Margaret Elizabeth Dethick (age 63) died.

On 30 Apr 1608 Lucy Neville (age 59) died.

On 30 Apr 1613 Albrecht Oldenburg (age 28) died.

On 30 Apr 1625 Lawrence Tanfield (age 74) died.

On 30 Apr 1630 Meriel Bromley died.

On 30 Apr 1633 Venetia Stanley (age 33) died.

On 30 Apr 1636 Thomas Leventhorpe 2nd Baronet (age 43) was killed in a duel with Arthur Capell of Little Hadham (age 50). His son John Leventhorpe 3rd Baronet (age 6) succeeded 3rd Baronet Leventhorpe of Shingey Hall in Hertfordshire.

On 30 Apr 1639 Robert Nightingale (age 35) died.

On 30 Apr 1640 Charles Hamilton (age 10) died.

On 30 Apr 1643 Francis Bedingfield (age 39) died.

On 30 Apr 1683 Mary Bedell (age 48) died.

On 30 Apr 1689 Faith Acklom Lady Milbanke (age 39) died.

On 30 Apr 1712 Jane Garrard Lady Spencer (age 74) died.

On 30 Apr 1718 Archbishop William Dawes 3rd Baronet (age 46) died. His son Darcy Dawes 4th Baronet (age 25) succeeded 4th Baronet Dawes of Putney.

On 30 Apr 1740 Grace Wilbraham Countess Dysart (age 78) died.

On 30 Apr 1752 Henrietta or Harriet Lee Baroness Bellew (age 26) died.

On 30 Apr 1760 Frances Pelham Lady Poole died.

On 30 Apr 1763 Henry Reginald Courtenay (age 48) died.

On 30 Apr 1765 James Carnegie 3rd Baronet (age 49) died. His son David Carnegie 4th Baronet (age 11) de jure 7th Earl Southesk, succeeded 3rd Baronet Carnegie of Pittarrow in Kincardine.

On 30 Apr 1766 Thomas Pakenham 1st Baron Longford (age 52) died. His son Edward Pakenham 2nd Baron Longford (age 23) succeeded 2nd Baron Longford.

On 30 Apr 1778 Mary Leveson-Gower Lady Wrottesley died.

On 30 Apr 1792 William Weddell of Newby (age 55) died. He was buried in Ripon Cathedral [Map]. Monument with bust by Joseph Nollekens (age 54).

William Weddell of Newby: On 13 May 1736 he was born.

On 30 Apr 1792 John Montagu 4th Earl Sandwich (age 73) died. He was buried at All Saints Church, Barnwell [Map]. On 30 Apr 1792 His son John Montagu 5th Earl Sandwich (age 48) succeeded 5th Earl Sandwich.

On 30 Apr 1794 Thomas Allin 4th Baronet died unmarried. Baronet Allin of Somerleyton in Suffolk extinct.

On 30 Apr 1803 Harriet Margaret Hamilton (age 22) died.

On 30 Apr 1809 Isabella Pilkington (age 28) died.

On 30 Apr 1810 Charles James Yorke (age 12) died of scarlet fever.

On 30 Apr 1831 Francis Coke (age 67) died.

On 30 Apr 1833 William Sanford (age 61) died.

On 30 Apr 1838 Charles Thomas Talbot (age 55) died.

On 30 Apr 1841 Christiana Bacon (age 34) died of consumption. She was buried at St Thomas' Church, Exeter.

On 30 Apr 1847 Archduke Charles Duke of Teschen (age 75) died.

On 30 Apr 1850 Hannah Hoare (age 70) died.

On 30 Apr 1857 Mary Hanover Duchess Gloucester and Edinburgh (age 81) died.

On 30 Apr 1865 Robert Fitzroy (age 59) died.

On 30 Apr 1866 Harriet Mullen Lady Chamberlain died.

On 24 Apr 1879 Reverend Charles Smith Royds (age 79) died at Haughton Rectory. He was buried at St Giles' Church, Haughton [Map] on 30 Apr 1879.

On 30 Apr 1882 Alexina Duff died.

On 30 Apr 1888 Alfred Phillipps Ryder (age 67) died.

On 30 Apr 1891 Reverend Edward Winnington-Ingram (age 76) died.

On 30 Apr 1900 Lieutenant-General Richard Wilbraham (age 89) died at Rode Hall, Cheshire. Memorial at All Saints Church, Old Rode. He was the last of the male line of Wilbraham's. His estate, including Rode Hall, Cheshire was inherited by his daughter Katharine Frances Wilbraham Lady Wilbraham (age 50) and her husband George Barrington Baker Wilbraham 5th Baronet (age 55).

Katharine Frances Wilbraham Lady Wilbraham: On or before 23 May 1849 she was born to Lieutenant-General Richard Wilbraham and Elizabeth Frances Egerton. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.04%. On 04 Apr 1872 George Barrington Baker Wilbraham 5th Baronet and she were married. On 04 Oct 1911 Frederick Edward Baker aka Rhodes 4th Baronet died unmarried. His brother George Barrington Baker Wilbraham 5th Baronet succeeded 5th Baronet Baker of Loventor in Totnes in Devon. She by marriage Lady Baker of Loventor in Totnes in Devon.

On 30 Apr 1909 Leveson William Vernon-Harcourt (age 37) died.

On 30 Apr 1916 Michael Edward Hicks-Beach 1st Earl St Aldwyn (age 78) died. His eldest son Michael Hugh Hicks-Beach (deceased) had predeceased by one week having been killed in action. His grandson Michael Hicks-Beach 2nd Earl St Aldwyn (age 3) succeeded 2nd Earl St Aldwyn of Coln St Aldwyn in Gloucestershire, 10th Baronet Hicks-Beach of Beverston in Gloucestershire.

On 30 Apr 1932 Clementina Gertrude Helen Ogilvy (age 77) died.

On 30 Apr 1936 Alfred Edward Housman (age 77) died.

On 30 Apr 1946 Joseph Crosland Graham (age 80) died.

On 30 Apr 1951 Colonel Clifton Graham Astley Cooper (age 70) died.

On 30 Apr 1960 Philip Morton Shand (age 72) died at Lyon, France [Map].

On 30 Apr 1969 Reginald Coke (age 85) died.