On this Day in History ... 31st December

31 Dec is in December.

870 Battle of Englefield

1189 Dec New Bishops Consecrated

1369 Creation of Garter Knights

1600 East India Company Chartered

1660 Rump Parliament

1660 December Creation of Baronets and Peerages

1665 Great Plague of London

1705 Death of Catherine of Braganza Dowager Queen Consort

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 31st December

On 31 Dec 870 Æthelwulf Mercia Earldorman Berkshire (age 45) defeated the Viking army at the Battle of Englefield at Englefield. The Viking Army retreated to Reading [Map]. Sidrac Viking was killed.

On 31 Dec 1189 two of Richard I's new bishops were consecrated ...

Bishop William Longchamp was consecrated Bishop of Ely.

Bishop Richard Fitzneal (age 59) was consecrated Bishop of London.

On 23 Apr 1369 King Edward III of England (age 56) created new Garter Knights

46th John Neville 3rd Baron Neville of Raby (age 32).

47th Robert Dampierre (age 46).

48th John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 21). Some sources say 1370 but that would be inconsistent with the numbering?

49th Thomas Grandison 4th Baron Grandison (age 30).

50th Guy de Bryan (age 50). Possibly on 31 Dec 1369?.

On 31 Dec 1369 John Chandos (age 49) was killed. Chandos' force retreated towards the bridge across the Vienne at Lussac-les-Châteaux, along the route to Poitiers through Chauvigny. The French, unaware of their presence, had decided to follow the same route to harass any English troops. The adversaries met at the bridge of Lussac. In the battle, Chandos' long coat made him slip on the frost. James de Saint-Martin, a squire in the house of Sir Bagnac (or Guillaume Boitel, according to Paul Hay du Chastelet) struck Chandos with his lance, piercing his face below the eye. Chandos' uncle Edward Twyford, standing over his wounded nephew, repulsed the attackers. One of his squires pierced both legs of James Saint-Martin with his sword; Saint-Martin died three days later at Poitiers. John Chandos was carried on a large shield to Morthemer, the nearest English fortress. He was buried at Les Aubeniaux, Mazerolles where there is a monument.

On 31 Dec 1504 Beatrice Aviz Duchess Savoy was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 35) and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 8.38%.

Letters and Papers 1535. 31 Dec 1535. R. O. St. P. i. 451. 1050. Sir Edmund Bedyngfeld to Cromwell.

Received his letters between 7 and 8 o'clock p.m., stating that the King hears from the Imperial ambassador that the Princess Dowager (age 50) is in great danger of life. Had written to Cromwell before receiving his letter. Trusts it is apparent in what great trust Master Chamberlain and he are, both with her and such as be about her, that the ambassador should have knowledge before them who daily continue in the house. Sent as soon as he was made privy to it. The doctor's report is "non multum pejus quam erat, neque longe melius1." She continues in pain in her stomach, and can take little rest. Considering her weakness, she cannot long continue, if the sickness remains. The doctor moved her to take other advice, but she answered that she would in no wise have any other physician, but only commit herself to the pleasure of God. Will send further news with all speed. Kymbaltun, 31 Dec. Signed.

P. 1. Add.: Secretary. Endd.: Rec. 1 Jan.

Note 1. not much worse than it was, nor much better.

On 31 Dec 1550 Henry 1st Duke Guise was born to Francis II Duke Guise (age 31) and Anna d'Este (age 19).

Henry Machyn's Diary. 31 Dec 1559. The sam day at nyght at the quen('s) court ther was a play a-for her grace (age 26), the wyche the plaers plad shuche matter that they wher commondyd to leyff off, and contenent the maske cam in dansyng.

On 31 Dec 1600 Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland (age 67) granted a Royal Charter to the Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies aka the East India Company led by George Clifford 3rd Earl of Cumberland (age 42) by which they received a monopoloy on trade with the East Indies. Thomas Smythe (age 42) was appointed first Governor of the East India Company.

After 31 Dec 1633. Memorial at St Peter's Church, Tawstock [Map] to William Skippon (deceased).

William Skippon: Around 1568 he was born to Bartholomew Skippon at Weasenham, Norfolk. Before 31 Dec 1633 he was appointed Secretary to William Bourchier 3rd Earl Bath. On 31 Dec 1633 he died.

Around 31 Dec 1635 Robert Southwell was born to Robert Southwell (age 27) at Kinsale, County Cork.

Pepy's Diary. 01 Jan 1660. My wife (age 19) … gave me hopes of her being with child, but on the last day of the year … [the hope was belied.] The condition of the State was thus; viz. the Rump, after being disturbed by my Lord Lambert (age 40), was lately returned to sit again. The officers of the Army all forced to yield. Lawson (age 45) lies still in the river, and Monk (age 51) is with his army in Scotland. Only my Lord Lambert (age 40) is not yet come into the Parliament, nor is it expected that he will without being forced to it.

On 31 Dec 1660 ...

George Marwood 1st Baronet (age 59) was created 1st Baronet Marwood Little Busby in Yorkshire.

John Jackson 1st Baronet (age 29) was created 1st Baronet Jackson of Hickleton in Yorkshire.

James Livingston 1st Earl Newburgh (age 38) was created 1st Earl of Newburgh, 1st Viscount of Kinnaird with remainder to his heirs whatsoever.

Pepy's Diary. 31 Dec 1662. My Chancellor (age 53) is threatened by people to be questioned, the next sitting of the Parliament, by some spirits that do not love to see him so great: but certainly he is a good servant to the King (age 32). The Queen-Mother (age 53) is said to keep too great a Court now; and her being married to my Lord St. Albans (age 57) is commonly talked of; and that they had a daughter between them in France, how true, God knows.

Pepy's Diary. 31 Dec 1663. At the office I am well, though envied to the devil by Sir William Batten (age 62), who hates me to death, but cannot hurt me. The rest either love me, or at least do not show otherwise, though I know Sir W. Pen (age 42) to be a false knave touching me, though he seems fair. My father and mother well in the country; and at this time the young ladies of Hinchingbroke [Map] with them, their house having the small-pox in it. The Queene (age 54) after a long and sore sicknesse is become well again; and the King (age 33) minds his mistresse a little too much, if it pleased God! but I hope all things will go well, and in the Navy particularly, wherein I shall do my duty whatever comes of it.

Evelyn's Diary. 31 Dec 1665. Now blessed be God for his extraordinary mercies and preservation of me this year, when thousands, and ten thousands, perished, and were swept away on each side of me, there dying in our parish this year 406 of the pestilence! See Great Plague of London.

Pepy's Diary. 31 Dec 1665. Thus ends this year, to my great joy, in this manner. I have raised my estate from £1300 in this year to £4400. I have got myself greater interest, I think, by my diligence, and my employments encreased by that of Treasurer for Tangier, and Surveyour of the Victualls. It is true we have gone through great melancholy because of the great plague, and I put to great charges by it, by keeping my family long at Woolwich, Kent [Map], and myself and another part of my family, my clerks, at my charge at Greenwich, Kent [Map], and a mayde at London; but I hope the King (age 35) will give us some satisfaction for that. But now the plague is abated almost to nothing, and I intending to get to London as fast as I can. My family, that is my wife and maids, having been there these two or three weeks. The Dutch war goes on very ill, by reason of lack of money; having none to hope for, all being put into disorder by a new Act that is made as an experiment to bring credit to the Exchequer, for goods and money to be advanced upon the credit of that Act. I have never lived so merrily (besides that I never got so much) as I have done this plague time, by my Lord Bruncker's (age 45) and Captain Cocke's (age 48) good company, and the acquaintance of Mrs. Knipp, Coleman and her husband, and Mr. Laneare, and great store of dancings we have had at my cost (which I was willing to indulge myself and wife) at my lodgings. The great evil of this year, and the only one indeed, is the fall of my Lord of Sandwich (age 40), whose mistake about the prizes hath undone him, I believe, as to interest at Court; though sent (for a little palliating it) Embassador into Spayne, which he is now fitting himself for. But the Duke of Albemarle (age 57) goes with the Prince to sea this next year, and my Lord very meanly spoken of; and, indeed, his miscarriage about the prize goods is not to be excused, to suffer a company of rogues to go away with ten times as much as himself, and the blame of all to be deservedly laid upon him1. My whole family hath been well all this while, and all my friends I know of, saving my aunt Bell, who is dead, and some children of my cozen Sarah's, of the plague. But many of such as I know very well, dead; yet, to our great joy, the town fills apace, and shops begin to be open again. Pray God continue the plague's decrease! for that keeps the Court away from the place of business, and so all goes to rack as to publick matters, they at this distance not thinking of it.

Note 1. According to Granville Penn ("Memorials of Sir W. Penn (age 44)", ii. 488 n.) £2000 went to Lord Sandwich (age 40) and £8000 among eight others.

On 31 Dec 1705 Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England (age 67) died at the Bemposta Palace some twenty years after the death of her husband King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She was buried at Monastery of São Vicente de Fora.

Minutes of the Society of Antiquaries. 31 Dec 1718. Mr Samuel Gale brough a large and accurate Discourse upon the Horn of Ulphus given to the Church of York which is Engraven in Copper by the Society, for which the thanks of the Society is Unanimously given to him, it being read over. A Latin Inscription to be put under the New Plate of Rich: II was read over and approved by the Society.

On 31 Dec 1720 Charles Edward "Bonnie Prince Charlie" Stewart was born to James "Old Pretender" Stewart (age 32) and Maria Clementina Sobieska (age 18) at Palazzo Muti, via del Corso. He a grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 31 Dec 1730 Newcomen Wallis (age 34) died. He was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

Newcomen Wallis: In 1696 he was born. In or before 1724 he and Catherine Collingwood were married.

On 31 Dec 1745 Joshua Vanneck 1st Baron Huntingfield was born to Joshua Vanneck 1st Baronet (age 44) and Mary Anne Daubuz Lady Vanneck.

On 31 Dec 1810 William Cunnington (age 56) died.

On 31 Dec 1834 Adelaide Mary d'Eye was born to Reverend Edgar Rust d'Eye of Abbot's Hall (age 39).

On 31 Dec 1842 Giovanni Boldini was born at Ferrara.

On 31 Dec 1877 Gustave Courbet (age 58) died.

On 31 Dec 1906 Julia Goodman née Salaman (age 94) died.

On 24 Sep 1930 Ellis William Roberts (age 69) died at the Queens Hotel Brighton. His will was proved 31 Dec 1930 the summary of which reads:

Ellis William of 6 William Street Lowndes Square Westminster Middlesex and of 12 Wexford Road Wandsworth Common Surrey died 24 Sep 1930 at Queens Hotel Brighton. Probate London 31 December to Eliza Roberts widow Robert Ellis Roberts (age 40) schoolmaster Walter Kearsey Smith cashier and Millicent Elsie Fraser (wife of Ronald Fraser). Effects £12732 2s 8d. Resworn £12832 15s 3d.

Births on the 31st December

On 31 Dec 1504 Beatrice Aviz Duchess Savoy was born to Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal (age 35) and Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 8.38%.

On 31 Dec 1550 Henry 1st Duke Guise was born to Francis II Duke Guise (age 31) and Anna d'Este (age 19).

Around 31 Dec 1635 Robert Southwell was born to Robert Southwell (age 27) at Kinsale, County Cork.

On 31 Dec 1636 Henry Loftus was born to Nicholas Loftus of Fethard (age 44).

On 31 Dec 1696 Thomas Winnington was born to Salwey Winnington (age 30) and Anne Foley.

On 31 Dec 1703 David La Touche was born.

On 31 Dec 1717 William Kemp 8th Baronet was born to William Kemp of Antingham in Norfolk (age 42) and Elizabeth Shardelow.

On 31 Dec 1720 Charles Edward "Bonnie Prince Charlie" Stewart was born to James "Old Pretender" Stewart (age 32) and Maria Clementina Sobieska (age 18) at Palazzo Muti, via del Corso. He a grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 31 Dec 1730 Tryphena Scawen Countess Bathurst Sussex was born to Thomas Scawen and Tryphena Russell.

On 31 Dec 1745 Joshua Vanneck 1st Baron Huntingfield was born to Joshua Vanneck 1st Baronet (age 44) and Mary Anne Daubuz Lady Vanneck.

On 31 Dec 1750 Francis Augustus Eliott 2nd Baron Heathfield was born to George Augustus Eliott 1st Baron Heathfield (age 33) and Anne Pollexfen Drake (age 24).

On 31 Dec 1755 Thomas Granville was born to George Granville (age 43) and Elizabeth Wyndham (age 36).

On 31 Dec 1762 John Slade 1st Baronet was born.

On 31 Dec 1767 Admiral Francis Laforey 2nd Baronet was born to Admiral John Laforey 1st Baronet (age 38) and Eleanor Farley.

On 31 Dec 1782 Rowland Mainwaring was born to Rowland Mainwaring (age 37).

On 31 Dec 1788 David Moncrieffe 6th Baronet was born to Thomas Moncrieffe 5th Baronet (age 30).

On 31 Dec 1834 Adelaide Mary d'Eye was born to Reverend Edgar Rust d'Eye of Abbot's Hall (age 39).

On 31 Dec 1840 Thomas John Wynn was born to Spencer Bulkeley Wynn 3rd Baron Newborough (age 37) and Frances Maria De Winton Baroness Newborough. Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%.

On 31 Dec 1842 Giovanni Boldini was born at Ferrara.

On 02 Dec 1845 Robert James Graham 10th Baronet was born to Edward Graham 9th Baronet (age 25). He was baptised on 31 Dec 1845 at St Pancras Old Church.

On 31 Dec 1850 Charles Bennet was born to Charles Bennet 6th Earl Tankerville (age 40) and Olivia Montagu Countess Tankerville (age 20).

On 31 Dec 1859 Reverend Francis Henry Payne-Gallwey was born to Philip Payne-Gallwey (age 47).

On 31 Dec 1895 Hillyar George Edwin Hill-Trevor was born to George Edwyn Hill-Trevor at the Hotel Paoli, Florence in Florence.

On 31 Dec 1915 John Shelley was born to John Shelley 10th Baronet (age 31).

Marriages on the 31st December

Before 31 Dec 1535 William Skeffington (age 70) and Margaret Digby were married.

Before 31 Dec 1535 William Skeffington (age 70) and Anne Digby were married.

On 31 Dec 1614 Walter Stewart 1st Lord Blantyre and Nichola Somerville Lady Blantyre were married.

On or after 31 Dec 1660 Richard Legh (age 26) and Elizabeth Chicheley were married.

On 31 Dec 1673 Michael Biddulph 2nd Baronet (age 19) and Henrietta Maria Whitley (age 20) were married at Westminster Abbey [Map].

On 31 Dec 1691 Charles John Montagu (age 33) and Sarah Rogers were married. He the son of Edward Montagu 1st Earl Sandwich and Jemima Crew Countess Sandwich.

On 31 Dec 1716 James Fitz James 2nd Duke Berwick (age 20) and Catalina Ventura Colón Duchess Berwick 9th Duchess Veragua (age 26) were married. She the daughter of Pedro Manuel Colón 7th Duke Veragua. He the son of James Fitzjames 1st Duke Berwick (age 46) and Honora Burke Duchess Berwick. He a grandson of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.

Before 31 Dec 1717 William Kemp of Antingham in Norfolk (age 42) and Elizabeth Shardelow were married.

Before 31 Dec 1730 Thomas Scawen and Tryphena Russell were married.

On 31 Dec 1743 Charles Hervey (age 40) and Martha Maria Howard (age 38) were married. There was no issue from the marriage. He the son of John Hervey 1st Earl Bristol (age 78) and Elizabeth Felton Countess Bristol. They were third cousin once removed.

On 31 Dec 1817 William Augustus Lane-Fox (age 21) and Caroline Douglas were married.

On 31 Dec 1874 Algernon Freeman-Mitford 1st Baron Redesdale (age 37) and Clementina Gertrude Helen Ogilvy (age 20) were married.

On 31 Dec 1888 George Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam (age 22) and Daisy Evelyn Lyster (age 21) were married.

On 31 Dec 1964 Edward John Peregrine Cust 7th Baron Brownlow (age 28) and Shirlie Edith Yeaomans were married.

Deaths on the 31st December

On 31 Dec 870 Æthelwulf Mercia Earldorman Berkshire (age 45) defeated the Viking army at the Battle of Englefield at Englefield. The Viking Army retreated to Reading [Map]. Sidrac Viking was killed.

On 31 Dec 1194 Leopold V Duke of Austria (age 37) died.

On 31 Dec 1298 Gilbert Bohun (age 47) died.

On 31 Dec 1299 Margaret Capet Countess Valois (age 26) died.

On 31 Dec 1299 Ralph Basset 1st Baron Basset Drayton (age 35) died. His son Ralph Basset 2nd Baron Basset Drayton (age 21) succeeded 2nd Baron Basset Drayton.

On 31 Dec 1302 Frederick Metz III Duke Lorraine (age 62) died. His son Theobald Metz II Duke Lorraine (age 39) succeeded II Duke Lorraine.

On 31 Dec 1318 Walter Fauconberg 2nd Baron Fauconberg (age 54) died. His son John Fauconberg 3rd Baron Fauconberg (age 28) succeeded 3rd Baron Fauconberg. Some sources report his death at Battle of Bannockburn.

On 31 Dec 1369 John Chandos (age 49) was killed. Chandos' force retreated towards the bridge across the Vienne at Lussac-les-Châteaux, along the route to Poitiers through Chauvigny. The French, unaware of their presence, had decided to follow the same route to harass any English troops. The adversaries met at the bridge of Lussac. In the battle, Chandos' long coat made him slip on the frost. James de Saint-Martin, a squire in the house of Sir Bagnac (or Guillaume Boitel, according to Paul Hay du Chastelet) struck Chandos with his lance, piercing his face below the eye. Chandos' uncle Edward Twyford, standing over his wounded nephew, repulsed the attackers. One of his squires pierced both legs of James Saint-Martin with his sword; Saint-Martin died three days later at Poitiers. John Chandos was carried on a large shield to Morthemer, the nearest English fortress. He was buried at Les Aubeniaux, Mazerolles where there is a monument.

On 31 Dec 1387 Bianca Savoy (age 51) died.

On 31 Dec 1426 Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter (age 49) died at Greenwich, Kent [Map]. Some sources say 27 Dec 1426 and 01 Jan 1427. Duke Exeter and Earl Dorset extinct.

On 31 Dec 1439 Margaret Holland Duchess Clarence (age 54) died.

On 31 Dec 1535 William Skeffington (age 70) died.

Before 31 Dec 1538 Sophie Mecklenburg-Schwerin died.

Before 31 Dec 1559 Elizabeth Shelley (age 49) died.

On 31 Dec 1559 Mary Carew (age 42) died. She was buried at St Botolph without Aldgate [Map].

On 31 Dec 1559 Bishop Owen Oglethorpe (age 52) died.

On 31 Dec 1565 Jane Dryhurst (age 40) died. Brass memorial at St Marcella's Church, Denbigh [Map].

Between 28 Nov 1580 and 31 Dec 1580 Margaret Kennedy Countess Cassilis (age 66) died.

On 31 Dec 1590 Anne Paget died. She was buried at Grendon Underwood, Aylesbury.

On 31 Dec 1603 Jerome Weston (age 47) died.

On 31 Dec 1633 William Skippon (age 65) died.

On 31 Dec 1652 Frances Cecil (age 19) died.

On 31 Dec 1655 John Wray 2nd Baronet (age 69) died. His son John Wray 3rd Baronet (age 36) succeeded 3rd Baronet Wray of Glentworth in Lincolnshire.

On 31 Dec 1657 Johann Ernest Saxe Gotha (age 16) died of smallpox at Gotha.

On 31 Dec 1673 Oliver St John (age 75) died.

On 31 Dec 1677 Theobald Taaffe 1st Earl Carlingford (age 74) died.

On 31 Dec 1691 Robert Boyle (age 64) died.

On 31 Dec 1691 Dudley North (age 50) died.

Before 31 Dec 1700 Henry Belasyse died.

On 31 Dec 1705 Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England (age 67) died at the Bemposta Palace some twenty years after the death of her husband King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She was buried at Monastery of São Vicente de Fora.

On 31 Dec 1709 Thomas Littleton 3rd Baronet (age 62) died without issue. Baronet Littleton of Stoke Milburgh in Suffolk extinct. His estates were inherited by Elizabeth Littleton.

On 31 Dec 1713 Edward Proger (age 92) died. He was buried under his pew at Hampton Richmond, Surrey.

On 31 Dec 1719 John Flamsteed (age 73) died.

On 31 Dec 1730 Newcomen Wallis (age 34) died. He was buried at Lincoln Cathedral [Map].

Newcomen Wallis: In 1696 he was born. In or before 1724 he and Catherine Collingwood were married.

On 31 Dec 1730 Lucius Carey 6th Viscount Falkland (age 43) died. On 31 Dec 1730 His son Lucius Charles Carey 7th Viscount Falkland (age 23) succeeded 7th Viscount Falkland.

On 31 Dec 1731 George Heneage (age 57) died.

On 31 Dec 1733 Robert Grierson 1st Baronet (age 78) died at his house in Dumfries [Map].

On 31 Dec 1736 John Craster (age 44) died.

On 31 Dec 1741 William Pole 4th Baronet (age 63) died. His son John Pole 5th Baronet (age 8) succeeded 5th Baronet Pole of Shute House in Devon.

On 31 Dec 1765 Ralph Assheton 3rd Baronet (age 73) died without issue. Baronet Assheton of Middleton in Lancashire extinct.

On 31 Dec 1767 John Eliott 4th Baronet (age 62) died. His son Francis Eliott 5th Baronet (age 36) succeeded 5th Baronet Eliott of Stobs.

On 31 Dec 1767 Stuarta Shirley (age 56) died.

Before 31 Dec 1781 Frances Coningsby (age 74) died.

On 31 Dec 1794 Harriet Pleydell-Bouverie (age 12) died.

On 31 Dec 1804 George Evans 4th Baron Carbery (age 38) died without issue. His uncle John Evans 5th Baron Carbery (age 66) succeeded 5th Baron Carbery. Emilia Crowe Baroness Carbery by marriage Baroness Carbery.

On 31 Dec 1810 William Cunnington (age 56) died.

On 31 Dec 1815 Apollonia Langdale Baroness Clifford (age 60) died.

On 31 Dec 1846 Peregrine Edward Towneley (age 84) died.

On 31 Dec 1846 Francis Lindley Wood 2nd Baronet (age 75) died. His son Charles Wood 1st Viscount Halifax (age 46) succeeded 3rd Baronet Wood of Barnsley in Yorkshire.

On 31 Dec 1854 Nathaniel Clements 2nd Earl Leitrim (age 86) died. His son William Clements 3rd Earl Leitrim (age 48) succeeded 3rd Earl Leitrim.

On 31 Dec 1856 Evelyn Shirley (age 68) died.

On 31 Dec 1856 Gervase Alexander (age 83) died.

On 31 Dec 1862 Harriet Elizabeth Cavendish-Bentinck (age 75) died.

On 31 Dec 1869 Harriet Anne Blackwood died.

On 31 Dec 1870 Henry William Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck (age 66) died unmarried.

On 31 Dec 1877 Gustave Courbet (age 58) died.

On 31 Dec 1885 Ellenor Harriet Maria Harford (age 25) died.

On 31 Dec 1891 Prince Victor of Hohenlohe Langenburg Count Gleichen (age 58) died.

On 31 Dec 1892 Emily Towneley (age 57) died.

On 31 Dec 1893 Henrietta Tatton died.

On 31 Dec 1894 Henry William Bertie (age 82) died.

On 31 Dec 1895 Mary Theresa Clifford (age 72) died.

On 31 Dec 1898 Samuel Clowes (age 77) died.

On 31 Dec 1900 John Bennet Lawes 1st Baronet (age 86) died.

On 31 Dec 1906 Julia Goodman née Salaman (age 94) died.

On 31 Dec 1909 Charles Strickland 8th Baronet (age 90) died. His son Walter Strickland 9th Baronet (age 58) de jure 9th Baronet Strickland of Boynton in Yorkshire. He never formally used the title he inherited upon his father's death.

On 31 Dec 1916 Emily Catherine Hare (age 82) died.

On 31 Dec 1928 Frederick Canning Lascelles (age 80) died.

On 24 Sep 1930 Ellis William Roberts (age 69) died at the Queens Hotel Brighton. His will was proved 31 Dec 1930 the summary of which reads:

Ellis William of 6 William Street Lowndes Square Westminster Middlesex and of 12 Wexford Road Wandsworth Common Surrey died 24 Sep 1930 at Queens Hotel Brighton. Probate London 31 December to Eliza Roberts widow Robert Ellis Roberts (age 40) schoolmaster Walter Kearsey Smith cashier and Millicent Elsie Fraser (wife of Ronald Fraser). Effects £12732 2s 8d. Resworn £12832 15s 3d.

On 31 Dec 1933 Bishop Leonard Jauncey White Thompson (age 70) died.

On 31 Dec 1940 Ellen Strutt died.

On 31 Dec 1942 Mabel Harriet McDonnell died.

On 31 Dec 1946 John Eldon Bankes (age 92) died.

On 31 Dec 1948 Blanche Frances Morgan (age 89) died.