Cornwall

Cornwall is in South-West England.

823 Battle of Ellendun

838 Battle of Hingston Down

1497 Cornish Rebellion

1643 Battle of Stratton

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Antony

Around Sep 1460 John Carew was born to Alexander Carew (age 21) in Antony, Cornwall.

On 20 Sep 1492 Alexander Carew (age 53) died at Antony, Cornwall.

Before 1493 Wymond Carew was born to John Carew (age 32) in Antony, Cornwall.

In 1520 John Carew (age 59) died at Antony, Cornwall.

On 22 Aug 1549 Wymond Carew (age 56) died in Antony, Cornwall.

On 30 Aug 1609 Alexander Carew 2nd Baronet was born to Richard Carew 1st Baronet (age 29) and Bridget Chudleigh Lady Carew (age 25) at Antony, Cornwall.

In 1622 John Carew was born to Richard Carew 1st Baronet (age 42) and Grace Rolle (age 29) at Antony, Cornwall.

On 24 Mar 1748 Coventry Carew 6th Baronet (age 31) died without issue. Baronet Carew of Antony in Cornwall extinct. Some sources refer to a seventh and eighth Baronet although it is unclear who these are? Reginald Pole aka Pole-Carew inherited the manor of Antony, Cornwall and changed his surname from Pole to Pole-Carew.

East Antony, Cornwall

On 17 Jul 1555 Richard Carew was born to Thomas Carew (age 28) and Elizabeth Edgecombe (age 23) at East Antony, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Boconnoc

Around 1427 Hugh Courtenay was born to Hugh Courtenay at Boconnoc, Cornwall. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England.

In 1439 William Mohun was born to William Mohun (age 19) at Boconnoc, Cornwall.

Around 1443 Isabell Courtenay was born to Hugh Courtenay (age 16) and Margaret Carminow (age 21) at Boconnoc, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Boleigh [Map]

Time Team Series 3 Episode 1: Prehistoric Fogou was filmed between 17 Mar 1995 and 19 Mar 1995. It was originally shown on 07 Jan 1996.

Location: Boleigh, Cornwall [Map].

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Boscastle

Around 1316 William Botreaux was born to Reginald Botreaux at Boscastle, Cornwall.

Botreaux Castle

Around 1190 John Botreaux was born at Botreaux Castle [Map].

In 1242 William Botreaux was born to Reginald Botreaux (age 25) at Botreaux Castle [Map].

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Boskednam Stone Circle [Map]

Boskednam Stone Circle is also in South England West Stone Circles.

Boskednam Stone Circle [Map], aka the Nine Maidens or Nine Stones of Boskednan, is a partially restored Stone Circles of approximately 22m diameter.

The Antiquities of Cornwall by William Borlase Chapter VII. Of these Monuments that kind was most ancient which was most simple, and consisted only of a Circle of Stones-erect. Of this fort we have a great number in Cornwall, which differ not materially from one another, Boskednan Circle [Map] therefore (Plat. XIII. Fig. ii.) may represent the whole.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Bottalack

Botallack Stone Circles, Cornwall [Map]

Botallack Stone Circles, Cornwall is also in South England West Stone Circles.

The Antiquities of Cornwall by William Borlase Chapter VII. Again, some of these Circles include, and intersect one the other, as in the curious cluster of Circles at Botallek [Map], (Plate XIV.) in the seeming consusion of which I can't but think that there was some mystical meaning, or, at least, distinct allotment to particular uses. Some of these might be employ'd for the Sacrifice, and to prepare, kill, examine, and burn the Victim, others allotted to Prayer, others to the Feasting of the Priests, others for the station of those who devoted the Victims: Whilst one Druid was preparing the Victim in one Place, another was adoring in another, and describing the limits of his Temple; a Third was going his round at the extremity of another Circle of Stones; and, likely, many Druids were to follow one the other in these mysterious Rounds: Others were busy in the Rights of Augury, that so all the Rites, each in it's proper place, might proceed at one and the same time, and under the inspection of the High-Priests; who, by comparing and observing the indications of the whole, might judge of the Will of the Gods with the greater certainty: Lastly, that these Circles intersected each other in so remarkable a manner as we find them in this Monument, might be, to intimate that each of these Holy Rites, though exercised in different Circles, and their own proper compartments, were but so many Rings, or Links, of one and the same chain, and that there was a constant dependance, and connexion betwixt Sacrifice, Prayer, Holy Feasting, and all the several parts of their Worship.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Breage

St Breage's Church, Breage

On 09 Sep 1678 Margaret Blagge (age 26) died in childbirth at Whitehall Palace [Map]. She was buried at St Breage's Church, Breage.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Camborne

Carwynnen, Cornwall

Carwynnen Quoit [Map]

Carwynnen Quoit is also in South England West Burial Mounds.

Celtic, Druidical and Roman Remains. The cover-stone of the Lanyon cromlech [Map] is 18½ feet long and 9 feet wide; from the under part of this stone to the ground it measures 5 feet. Borlase, and others who have followed him, state, that this cromlech is high enough for a man on horse back to pass under it. The Carwynen [Map] cromlech is less than that of Lanyon.

The Zennor cromlech is the largest in the county: the supporters are about 9 feet high, — the cover-stone, 18 feet long and 10½ feet wide.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Camelford

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 823. This year a battle was fought between the Welsh in Cornwall and the people of Devonshire, at Camelford, Cornwall; and in the course of the same year Egbert, king of the West-Saxons (age 50), and Bernwulf, King of Mercia, fought a battle at Wilton, in which Egbert (age 50) gained the victory, but there was great slaughter on both sides. Then sent he his son Ethelwulf into Kent, with a large detachment from the main body of the army, accompanied by his bishop, Elstan, and his alderman, Wulfherd; who drove Baldred, the king, northward over the Thames. Whereupon the men of Kent immediately submitted to him; as did also the inhabitants of Surrey, and Sussex, and Essex; who had been unlawfully kept from their allegiance by his relatives. The same year also, the king of the East-Angles, and his subjects besought King Egbert (age 50) to give them peace and protection against the terror of the Mercians; whose king, Bernwulf, they slew in the course of the same year.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Carbis Bay

In 1944 Marie Louise de Pfeffel (age 62) died at Carbis Bay, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Chûn

Chûn Quoit [Map]

Chûn Quoit is also in South England West Burial Mounds.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Chywooner Cromlech. Chywoone Cromlech [Map].

The most perfect and compact Cromlech in Cornwall is now to be described. It is situated on the high ground that extends in a northerly and westerly direction from the remarkable megalithic fortification of Chywoone or Chuun, in the parish of Morvah. The "Quoit" itself, which, seen from a distance, looks much like a mushroom, is distant just 260 paces from the gateway of the castle; and about the same distance on the other side of it, in the tenemerit of Keigwin, is a barrow containing a deep oblong Kist-Vaen, long since rifled, and now buried in furze. Thinking this monument the most worthy of a careful investigation of all the Cromlechs in the neighbourhood, the author proceeded to explore it in the summer of 1871, with a view to determine, if possible, the method and means of erection in the case of such structures in general.

Note 1. Footnote on image. There is a dolmen at Moytura, in Ireland, and another at Halskov, in Scandinavia, the drawings of which would both pass for Chywoone Cromlech.

The Antiquities of Cornwall by William Borlase Chapter IX. In several parts of Cornwall we find a large flat Stone in a horizontal position (or near it) supportcd by other flat Stones fix'd on their edges, and fasten'd in the ground, on purpose to bear the weight of that Stone, which rests upon, and over-shadows them, and by reason of it's extended surface, and it's elevation of fix or eight feet, or more, from the ground makes the principal figure in tliis kind of Monument. The situation which is generally chosen for this Monument is the very summit of the hill, and nothing can be more exact than the placing some of them, which shews, that those who erected them were very sollicitous to place 'em as conspicuously as possible. Sometimes this flat Stone, and it's supporters, stand upon the plain natural soil, and common level of the ground; but at other times it is mounted on a Barrow made either of Stone or Earth; it is sometimes plac'd in the middle of a Circle of Stones-erect, and when it has a place of that dignity, must be suppos'd to be erected on some extraordinary occasion; but when a Circle has a tall Stone in the middle, it seems to have been unlawful to remove that middle Stone, and therefore we find this Monument of which we are speaking sometimes plac'd on the edge of a Circlec. But we find fome Cromlêhs erected on such rocky situations, and so distant from houses, (where no Stones-erect do stand, or appear to have flood,) that we may conclude, they were often erected in places where there were no such Circles. Some of these Monuments are quite inclos'd, and buried, as it were, in the Barrow; As that of Senor in Cornwall (Plate XVIII. Fig. iii.) and that at Chûn [Map] (Plate XX. Fig. x.) and that mention'd by Wormius, pag. 4. Mon. Dan.d

Note c. Sec Pl. XIII. Fig. iii. a, and b, in Boscawen-ûn [Map] from which we may draw this Consequence; that the Cromlêhs was posteriour in date to the Circle, and the former erected there for the sake of the latter.

Note d. One only which I have yet heard of, has it's Supporters, or Side-Stones, fix'd on a solid Rock. State of Downe, pag. 199.

Celtic, Druidical and Roman Remains. The top-stone of Chûn cromlech [Map] is nearly 13 feet long and 11½ feet wide, — its elevation is about 4 feet.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Constantine

Tolmen Stone [Map]

Before 1835. Richard Tongue (age 39). Tolmen Stone [Map]. Donated by the artist to the Society of Antiquaries in 1835.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Lanyon Cromlech. The former2 [Tolmen Stone [Map]] is situated in a field sloping towards the west, on the estate of Trewren, in the parish of Madron. The respective heights of the two rough pillars in this case are five and six feet above ground, and the distance between them ten feet. They point in a direction E. by N., and W. by S. "Upon searching the ground between these two stones the diggers presently found a pit six feet six long, two feet nine wide, and four feet six deep; near the bottom it was full of black greasy earth, but no bone to be seen. This grave came close to the Westernmost and largest stone, next to which, I imagine, the head of the interred lay. The Christians in some parts buried in this manner, but in compliance, as it is to be imagined, with a more ancient Pagan custom."3 The author of these pages was fortunate enough to be present some few years since, when this grave was re-opened by the late William Coulson, Esq., the owner of the land, when the above account was fully confirmed. The black soil in the grave is the peat natural to the country.

Note 2. See elevation and ground plan in Borlase's Antiquities, p. 146, pl. x.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Crowan

St Crewenna's Church, Crowan

On 16 Jun 1740 Catherine Morice Lady St Aubyn died. She was buried at St Crewenna's Church, Crowan.

Around 20 Aug 1744 John St Aubyn 3rd Baronet (age 47) died at Pencarrow House, Cornwall. He was buried at St Crewenna's Church, Crowan on 23 Aug 1744. His son John St Aubyn 4th Baronet (age 17) succeeded 4th Baronet St Aubyn of Clowance in Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Duloe

St Cuby's Church, Duloe

St Cuby's Church, Duloe.

One of the delights of Duloe's church is several wonderful 16th-century memorials carved in extremely high relief. One of these is to Anna Coffyn, who died in 1592, and shows her holding a book and a pair of gloves. Her Elizabethan dress is beautifully detailed. Another relief memorial depicts Maria Arundel, (d. 1629), the daughter of Thomas Arundel and niece of Sir John Arundel. Look for the cryptic verse 'Man a dry laurel', which is an anagram of her name. Under the east chapel window are two more Elizabethan slate memorials.

Other monuments include that of Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Buller, Bart of Trenant Park 1764-1824, and to Henry Bewes (1793). In the south wall of the chancel is a colourful pair of 19th-century window in memory of Rev. P Bush and his wife. It was Bush who was responsible for the restoration of the church.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Flushing

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Fowey

Around 1502 John Killigrew was born at Fowey, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Gwennap

St Wenappa's Church, Gwennap

On 03 Sep 1878 Frederick Martin Williams 2nd Baronet (age 48) died. An estimated two thousand people attended his funeral at St Wenappa's Church, Gwennap. His son William Robert Williams 3rd Baronet (age 18) succeeded 3rd Baronet Williams of Tregullow in Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Gwithean

In 1591 Richard Cheney (age 67) died at Gwithean, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Helston

On 08 May 1907 William Purdie Treloar 1st Baronet (age 64) had the honour of leading the Furry Dance at Helston, Cornwall. On the same day he was given the Freedom of the Borough of Helston and then Freedom of the Borough of Truro.

Godolphin House, Helston

On 15 Aug 1648 Henry Godolphin was born to Francis Godolphin (age 42) and Dorothy Berkeley (age 46) at Godolphin House, Helston.

Evelyn's Diary. 17 Sep 1678. She was, accordingly, carried to Godolphin, in Cornwall, in a hearse with six horses, attended by two coaches of as many, with about thirty of her relations and servants. There accompanied the hearse her husband's brother, Sir William (age 38), two more of his brothers, and three sisters; her husband (age 33) was so overcome with grief, that he was wholly unfit to travel so long a journey, till he was more composed. I went as far as Hounslow with a sad heart; but was obliged to return upon some indispensable affairs. The corpse was ordered to be taken out of the hearse every night, and decently placed in the house, with tapers about it, and her servants attending, to Cornwall; and then was honorably interred in the parish church of Godolphin. This funeral cost not much less than £1,000.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Hingston Down

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 838. Text 835AD. This year came a great naval armament into West-Wales, where they were joined by the people, who commenced war against Egbert (age 65), the West-Saxon king. When he heard this, he proceeded with his army against them and fought with them at Hengeston, where he put to flight both the Welsh and the Danes.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Kilkhampton

St James the Great Church, Kilkhampton [Map]

St James the Great Church, Kilkhampton [Map]. Sir Bevil Grenville, lord of the manors of Bideford in Devon and of Stowe in the parish of Kilkhampton, Cornwall, was a Royalist commander in the Civil War. He was killed in action in heroic circumstances at the Battle of Lansdowne in 1643.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Lambourne

Around 1345 William Lambourne was born at Lambourne, Cornwall.

Around 1374 Eleanor aka Annorah Lambourne was born to William Lambourne (age 29) at Lambourne, Cornwall.

Around 1411 William Lambourne (age 66) and Joan Lustock were married at Lambourne, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Land's End

Travels through the middle settlements in North America Chapter 1. 02 May 1759. May 2. Fair, pleasant weather. The next day we found by our reckoning that we had made a hundred leagues from the Land's End, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Lanreath

Herodsfoot, Lanreath

Botelet Herodsfoot, Lanreath

On 01 Sep 1337 William Botreaux 1st Baron Botreaux was born to William Botreaux (age 21) and Isabel Moels at Botelet Herodsfoot, Lanreath.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Lanteglos

Around 1420 William Mohun was born to Thomas Mohun (age 68) at Lanteglos, Cornwall.

Church of St Willow, Lanteglos

On 15 Sep 1375 John Mohun (age 50) died at Ottery St Mary, Devon. He was buried at Church of St Willow, Lanteglos.

In Sep 1508 John Mohun died. He was buried at Church of St Willow, Lanteglos.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Laroch

After 26 Nov 1567 John Killigrew (age 65) died at Laroch, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Launcells

St Swithin's Church, Launcells [Map]

St Swithin's Church, Launcells [Map]. The tomb of Sir John Chamond (1624). The parish church is dedicated to St Swithin: nearby, in the wooded valley is the holy well of St Swithin. There are two aisles but the arcades differ: while the north one is of granite the south is of Polyphant stone. The fine series of over 60 bench-ends is from the same workshop as those of Kilkhampton and Poughill. The Ringers of Launcells Tower; painting by Frederick Smallfield.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Launceston

Around 1296 William Botreaux (age 54) died at Launceston, Cornwall.

Launceston Priory [Map]

In 1274 Reginald Botreaux (age 57) died at Launceston Priory [Map].

St Mary Magdalene Church, Launceston [Map]

St Mary Magdalene Church, Launceston [Map].St Mary Magdalene in Launceston is the most impressive and beautiful late medieval church in Cornwall, featuring superb carved detail on the exterior and a wealth of historic memorials and woodwork inside. In 1353 Edward, the Black Prince, was named Duke of Cornwall. Around 1370 Edward built a chapel a short distance from Launceston Castle. All that remains of that 14th-century chapel is the imposing west tower of St Mary Magdalene church, built of Polyphant stone, 20 feet square at the base and rising 70 feet to an embattled top.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Lizard Point

Travels through the middle settlements in North America Chapter 1. 30 Apr 1759. April 30. We passed by the Lizard, and in the evening discovered a sail, which proved to be an English Hoop laden with corn. She had been taken by a French privateer, and was steering for France: there were three Frenchmen and one Englishman on board. The commodore sent some hands to her, with orders to carry her to Penzance, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Madron

St Maddern's Church, Madron [Map]

St Maddern's Church, Madron [Map]. The church was in early times the mother church of Morvah and Penzance. This monument commemorates the Rev. Duke Pearse and the Rev. Thomas Rowe, the latter having been nearly 16 years Vicar of Madron. Two effigies are depicted, kneeling face to face, with a draped reading desk, on which are two open books between them. The first, facing eastward, is probably the representation of the Rev. Thomas Rowe; his hair is long, and lank when compared with the flowing wig of the opposite figure, which judging from a portrait of him now in the possession of a member of his family, it may be presumed represents the Rev. Duke Pearse, who died at the early age of 27 years. Both these reverend gentlemen wear bands and surplicos and with uplifted faces raise their hands in an attitude of prayer.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Maker

On 25 Jun 1754 William Trelawny 6th Baronet (age 32) and Laetitia Trelawny (age 26) were married at Maker, Cornwall. They had a son and a daughter. They were first cousins.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Marazion

Around 1364 John Cornwall 1st Baron Fanhope 1st Baron Milbroke was baptised at Marazion, Cornwall.

On 03 Sep 1761 Pascoe Grenfell was born to Pascoe Grenfell (age 32) at Marazion, Cornwall.

In 1772 John Maugham Grenville Grenfell was born to Pascoe Grenfell (age 43) at Marazion, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Morval

Around 09 Sep 1718 Rebecca Buller was born to John Francis Buller (age 23) and Rebecca Trelawny (age 22). She was baptised on 24 Sep 1718 at Morval, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Mount Edgcumbe

Around 1562 Catherine Edgecombe was born to Piers Edgecombe (age 26) at Mount Edgcumbe, Cornwall.

In 1637 Winifred Edgecumbe was born to Colonel Piers Edgecumbe (age 28) and Mary Glanville at Mount Edgcumbe, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Mount's Bay

Around 1364 John Cornwall 1st Baron Fanhope 1st Baron Milbroke was born to John Cornwall (age 49) at Mount's Bay, Cornwall. He a great x 3 grandson of King John "Lackland" of England.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Mulfra

Mulfra Quoit [Map]

Mulfra Quoit is also in South England West Burial Mounds.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Mulfra Cromlech. Mulfra Cromlech [Map].

This monument consists at present of three granite slabs five feet in height, forming the west, north, and east sides of a kist 6 feet 8 inches long, i.e., from east to west, and four feet wide from north to south. On the southern side, instead of the fourth slab, a stone, which is supposed to have been once he covering-stone, rests lengthways and obliquely against the edges of the side stones. This stone, the lower end of which is now fixed in the ground, measured, with "a piece evidently clove or broke off from it," in Borlase's time, 14 feet 3 inches long, by 9 feet 8 inches broad. At that time a stone-barrow, now entirely removed, measuring two feet high, and thirty-seven in diameter, surrounded the monument. There is little doubt that the removal of the southern supporter caused the overthrow of Mulfra Quoit. It might indeed be possible that the cap-stone was never actually raised to the position for which it was intended; but the fact of a fracture having taken place in it, as well as the angle at which it now stands, which is precisely that it would have assumed had it been overbalanced and slipped from its place, presents no analogy to the case of Lower Lanyon, and confirms the supposition that it is simply a fallen Cromlech. The author of the Land's End District states that, he was informed that the date of its collapse was 1752, during a thunderstorm. He was, however, probably misled by an account published in the Philosophical Transactions of the year following, in which it is recorded that a "quoit" on Molfra Hill, (meaning the highest stone on a natural pile of rocks, and often so called by the Cornish), had been struck by lightning in that year. Dr. Borlase visited the spot on the 23rd of October, 1 749, and at that time the Cromlech was in precisely the same state as at present. He says, "As this Quoit is off from its ancient situation with one edge resting on the ground, I thought it might permit us safely to search the enclosed area." Nothing of importance was discovered, and the Doctor only found that a pit had been sunk twenty inches deep in the area of the Kist-Vaen, and "that something which either was originally, or has since turned black, was placed in the bottom of it."

Celtic, Druidical and Roman Remains. The cover-stone of Mulfra [Map] is about 9 feet by 12 feet. The upright stones are 5 feet high.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Padstow

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 981. In this year was St. Petroc's-stow plundered; and in the same year was much harm done everywhere by the sea-coast, both upon Devonshire and Wales. And in the same year died Elfstan, Bishop of Wiltshire; and his body lieth in the minster [Map] at Abingdon; and Wulfgar then succeeded to the bishopric. The same year died Womare, Abbot of Ghent.

Prideaux Place

In 1592 Nicholas Prideaux (age 42) commissioned the bulding of Prideaux Place.

In 1728 Edmund Prideaux (age 56) died. His cousin Edmund Prideaux (age 34) inherited Prideaux Place.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Par

Trenython, Cornwall

On 21 Jul 1906 Bishop John Gott (age 75) died at his home Trenython, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Penzance

Travels through the middle settlements in North America Chapter 1. 30 Apr 1759. April 30. We passed by the Lizard, and in the evening discovered a sail, which proved to be an English Hoop laden with corn. She had been taken by a French privateer, and was steering for France: there were three Frenchmen and one Englishman on board. The commodore sent some hands to her, with orders to carry her to Penzance, Cornwall.

On 18 Aug 1940 Stanley Johnson was born to Osman Kemal aka Wilfred Johnson and Irene Williams (age 33) at Penzance, Cornwall.

Castle Horneck, Penzance

On 05 Apr 1848 William Copeland Borlase was born to Samuel Borlase and Mary Anne Copeland at Castle Horneck, Penzance.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Rosorrow

Penkevile, Rosorrow

Before 1324 Ada Tiptoft Baroness Dunster (age 49) died at Penkevile, Rosorrow.

St Michael Pentivel, Penkevile

On 25 Oct 1734 Hugh Boscawen 1st Viscount Falmouth (age 54) died suddenly in Trefusis, Cornwall. He was buried in St Michael Pentivel, Penkevile. His son Hugh Boscawen 2nd Viscount Falmouth (age 30) succeeded 2nd Viscount Falmouth.

On 22 Mar 1754 Charlotte Godfrey Viscountess Falmouth died. She was buried in St Michael Pentivel, Penkevile.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Austell

In 1310 Ralph Arundell was born to Oliver Arundell (age 32) at St Austell, Cornwall.

Menagwin, St Austell

In 1610 Henry Scobell Parliamentary Clerk was born at Menagwin, St Austell.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Breock

Pawton Quoit [Map]

Pawton Quoit is also in South England West Burial Mounds.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Caerwynen Cromlech. This monument [Pawton Quoit [Map]] is situated on high ground in the centre of a field immediately above the picturesque valley and ancient ecclesiastical establishment of Pawton.

The accompanying sketch, taken by the author a few months since, will, perhaps, convey some slight idea of the structure. The stones which form the grave are eight in number, but the covering stone itself rests on only three of them. They are still more than half buried in the tumulus which formerly, no doubt, covered the whole. This was of an oval shape, and upwards of sixty feet in length. The grave itself is seven feet long; and, but for a stone which has been inserted at one end, would be a foot and a half longer. This stone is probably a prop to support the one on which that end of the capstone rests. The width of the grave is two feet at one end, and three and a half at the other: it is at present five feet deep, though it may in all probability be several feet deeper. The sparry stone which forms the covering is thirteen feet in length, by seven in breadth; and, as a labourer informed me that a piece (marked A, in the accompanying plan,) had been broken off from it, the length may be increased by several feet. In thickness the covering stone is uniformly two feet six.

From the shape and size of the kist in this case, there can be no doubt that it was constructed to contain a body at full length; and although, as was before noticed, interments in that position are so very rare in other parts of England, there are other instances (though few and far between) of similar graves in Cornwall, to prove that this mode of burial was not by any means unknown in that district. In several cases the author has particularly noticed that the grave is too narrow to admit of the body being contracted at all, and in more than one case a skeleton 1 extended has actually been found. Two or three of these long walled graves may here be described.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Buryan

Boscawen-Un Stone Circle [Map]

Boscawen-Un Stone Circle is also in South England West Stone Circles.

Celtic, Druidical and Roman Remains. CIRCLES.

Besides the circle at Boscawen-un [Map] (p. 65), there are several others in the neighbourhood: as at Boskednan, in Gulval; Tregaseal, St. Just; and the Dawns Mên, commonly called "the Merry Maidens," at Rosemoddress, in St. Burian; &c. They are supposed to have been connected with the religious rites of the Druids. Near the circle last named are the two large pillars called "the Pipers."

Note. Druidical Circle at Boscawen-un [Map], St. Burian. The stone within the circle, which is in a slanting position, measures 8 feet in length. The Btones which compose the circle are at irregular distances, some being 8 and others 12 feet asunder; they are from 4 to 5 feet high. This circle consists of nineteen stones, and is about 73 feet in diameter.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Cleer

The Hurlers Stone Circle [Map]

The Hurlers Stone Circle is also in South England West Stone Circles.

The Hurlers Stone Circle [Map] is three stone circles in Cornwall on a line from SSW to NNE with diameters of 35, 42 metres and 33 metres. The two outer stone circles are circular. The middle circle, the largest is slightly elliptical. The earliest mention of the Hurlers was by historian John Norden, who visited them around 1584.

The Antiquities of Cornwall by William Borlase Chapter VII. Of this kind is the Monument call'd the Hurlers [Map], in the Parish St. Clere, Cornwall, the Stones of which, by the vulgar, are suppos'd to have been once Men, and thus transform'd, as a punishment for their hurling upon the Lord's Day.1 This Monument consisted of three Circles from which many Stones are now carry'd off; what remain, and their distances may be seen (Plate XV. fig. vi.).

Note 1. Hurling, is playing with a Ball, and endeavouring to get at the Goal with it before one's Antagonist; an antient tryal of Strength and Swiftness among the Cornish.

Trethevy Quoit [Map]

Trethevy Quoit [Map] is a Neolithic structure of five standing stones capped by a large slab. It was originally covered by a mound.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Trethevy Cromlech. Trethevy Cromlech [Map].

The largest, though perhaps the least known of the Cornish Cromlechs, is that of Trethevy, Trevethy, or, as the common people call it, Tredavy, in the parish of St. Clere. The earliest account of it is given by Norden, who, writing about the year 1610, says, "Tretheuie, called in Latine Casagigantis, a litle howse raysed of mightie stones, standing on a litle hill within a feilde, the forme hereunder expressed;" and accordingly there follows an original, but highly characteristic engraving of the monument. Two more recent notices of it appear respectively in the Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, and the Report of the Penzance Natural History Society for the year 1850; in the former, the author being S. R. Pattison, Esq., F.G.S., and in the latter, E. H. Pedler, Esq. Of the two drawings here inserted, the first is from a photograph by Mr. Lobb, of Wadebridge, and the second from the accomplished pencil of J. T. Blight, Esq., F.S.A. From these two the reader may easily gather the chief peculiarities of the structure.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Columb Major

On 11 Jan 1435 John Arundell (age 69) died at St Columb Major, Cornwall. He was buried at St Columb Major, Cornwall.

Nine Maidens Stone Row [Map]

Nine Maidens Stone Row is also in South England Neolithic Standing Stones.

1605. Richard Carew's "Survey of Cornwal": "Wade bridge delivereth you into waste ground, where 9 long and great stones called The Sisters [Nine Maidens Stone Row [Map]] stand in a ranke together, and seem to have been so pitched, for continuing the memory of somewhat, whose notice is yet envied us by time."

Nine Maidens Stone Row [Map]m aka Nine Sisters, is a row of nine Standing Stones around 110m long. Wikipedia describes the row as being "Late Neolthic".

Quoit, Cornwall

Devil's Quoit [Map]

Devil's Quoit is also in South England West Burial Mounds.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Quoit near St Columb. Quoit Near St. Columb [Map].

The hamlet of Quoit, in the parish of St. Columb Major, is situated at the foot of the gradual acclivity crowned by the circumvallations of Castle-an-dinas, and derives its name from a Cromlech, which, until a year or two since, occupied the corner of a yard adjoining the high road. On the side opposite to Castle-an-dinas stretches away the Goss Moor, "a morisch ground," as Leland well called it, "al baren of woodde." The monument was extant in a dismantled condition until very lately; but a few rough spar stones, split up and ready to carry away, was all that remained of it when the author saw the place in July, 1871. Previous to its fall, it had been used as a goat's house; and, oddly enough, although penned up within it at the time of the collapse, Billy escaped perfectly unharmed.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Quoit near St Columb. Old Hals mentions this Cromlech [Map] in his usual brief and inaccurate manner; but fortunately, Mr. Whitaker1 has left a much more full and detailed account. From him we learn that it was "formed of five stones, one covering, three supporting, and one buttressing." The area of the chamber "allowed three or four men to stand upright within it." The side stone on the north was "a spar exactly perpendicular, seven feet in height, and 4 feet 6 inches in width at the middle." That opposite to it, on the south side, was "an iron-stone 6 feet 11 inches high, and 3 feet 7 inches wide in the middle." The eastern slab was also an iron-stone, "7 feet 6 inches in tallness, and 3 feet 3 inches wide at the middle." The covering-stone was of the same nature as the two last, and "lies reclining" from the eastern one along the two others, the declivity being "19 degrees 40 minutes from east to west." "I mention these little circumstances," continues Mr. Whitaker, "to explain clearly a peculiar incident in the construction of the whole; the northern corner of the back-stone appears to have broken off under the weight of the top-stone, as the latter was laid or was settling upon the former; and the top stone now touches not the back-stone in that corner at all, resting only on the other, the southern corner. In consequence of the accident, the whole weight nearly of the top-stone was canted off upon the adjoining side-stone on the right or south; this finding that to press with a force which it was not calculated to bear, began to shrink from its original uprightness, and to lean considerably towards ' the north; it would have leaned very considerably if the eastern edge of it had not lapped over the southern of the back stone, there impinged strongly upon this in its inclination, and been stopped by the resistance which it thus encountered: even with that resistance, it has come to lean no less than 1 6 degrees 30 minutes to the north, or two feet out of the true perpendicular. The whole building, therefore, was in the most imminent hazard of being soon off its poise, and the supporting stones were likely to be crushed to the ground by the covering stone. To prevent this, with the same skill and boldness which could raise such masses upon such supporters; which could also calculate the duration of a structure so warping; and even rest secure enough in their calculations to work under the warping structure, a fifth stone was introduced into it, being thrust in behind the side-stone on the north, as a buttress to the northern edge of the back-stone. 1 A stone was hastily chosen, tapering upwards in form, but about six feet in tallness, a kind of bastard spar, having two legs, a long and a short one, to it; the long leg was pitched in the ground, while the short remains above ground useless; and the body of the stone was then fixed reclining in a sharp angle against the edge of the back-stone, so as to compose a rude kind of powerful arc-boutant to it. Thus buttressed, the back-stone has remained between the supporting and the pressing stones, without any inclination at all to the north; yet, with a projection to the west, the quarter on which it felt no resistance, of 7 degrees 30 minutes, or one foot from the perpendicular. Thus has the structure stood as firm as if no misfortune had befallen it."

Note 1. Cathedral of Cornwall, vol. ii. , p. 76.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Ervan

Treleigh St Ervan, Cornwall

Around 1336 John Arundell was born to John III Arundell (age 26) at Treleigh St Ervan, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Ive

Poundstock St Ive, Cornwall

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Mawes

St Mawes Castle

Between 1540 and 1542 St Mawes Castle [Map] was constructed as part of the King's Device programme of castle building.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Mawgan in Pyder

In 1578 Cecily Arundell (age 52) was buried at St Mawgan in Pyder, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Mellion

St Melanus' Church, St Mellion

On or before 21 Jan 1648 John Coryton 2nd Baronet was born to John Coryton 1st Baronet (age 26) and Elizabeth Mills Lady Coryton. He was baptised on 21 Jan 1648 at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion.

On or before 24 May 1650 William Coryton 3rd Baronet was born to John Coryton 1st Baronet (age 28) and Elizabeth Mills Lady Coryton. He was baptised on 24 May 1650 at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion.

Before 23 Aug 1680, the date of his burial at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion, John Coryton 1st Baronet (age 59) died. His son John Coryton 2nd Baronet (age 32) succeeded 2nd Baronet Coryton of Newton.

On or before 30 Jul 1690 John Coryton 2nd Baronet (age 42) died. He was buried on 30 Jul 1690 at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion. His brother William Coryton 3rd Baronet (age 40) succeeded 3rd Baronet Coryton of Newton.

On 06 Aug 1695 Susanna Littleton died. She was buried at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion.

On 06 Dec 1711 William Coryton 3rd Baronet (age 61) died. He was buried at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion. His son John Coryton 4th Baronet (age 21) succeeded 4th Baronet Coryton of Newton. His widow married, as the 2nd of his three wives, 29 October 1716, at St. Stephen's-by-Saltash, Sir Nicholas Trevannion, Commissioner of Portsmouth Dockyard, who died 16 Nov. 1737. She died 27 Sep 1719 and was buried 30 Sep 1719, at St. Germans.

On 22 May 1739 John Coryton 4th Baronet (age 49) died. He was buried on 09 Jun 1739 at St Melanus' Church, St Mellion. Baronet Coryton of Newton extinct. Despite having a sister Susanna Coryton his estates appear to have devolved to his cousin Peter Goodall, who took the name Coryton, grandson of Elizabeth Coryton who was daughter of John Coryton 1st Baronet.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, St Michael's Mount

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1485-1509. Aug 1497... and in August Perkin Warbeck (age 23) landed in Cornewale,g and by pursuit fledd to Bowdley St. Marie [Map],h but by appoyntment he came to the Kinge, followinge the Courte.i

Note g. In Whitsand Bay; and, having sent his wife, the Lady Catherine Gordon, for safety to Mount St Michael, assumed the title of Richard IV.

Note h. The Sanctuary of Beaulieu [Map] in the New Forest, written in Arnold "Bewdeley sent wary," which has been erroneously transcribed in our MS. "St. Marie."

Note i. In Arnold this passage is, "and so remained following the Court."

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Stowe

In 1421 Elizabeth Gorges was born to Theobald Gorges (age 19) in Stowe, Cornwall.

Around 1480 Katherine Granville was born to Thomas Grenville (age 31) in Stowe, Cornwall.

On 03 Feb 1480 Katherine Granville died in Stowe, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Stratton

On 16 May 1643 Henry Grey 1st Earl Stamford (age 44) fought for the Parliamentary army at Stratton, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Tolverne

St Michael's Church, Tolverne

In 1481 John Arundell (age 53) was killed in action defending St Michael's Church, Tolverne. It isn't clear who was attacking it.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Trefusis

On 25 Oct 1734 Hugh Boscawen 1st Viscount Falmouth (age 54) died suddenly in Trefusis, Cornwall. He was buried in St Michael Pentivel, Penkevile. His son Hugh Boscawen 2nd Viscount Falmouth (age 30) succeeded 2nd Viscount Falmouth.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Trerice

In 1340 Nicholas Arundell was born to Ralph Arundell (age 30) at Trerice, Cornwall.

Around 1370 John Arundell of Trerice was born to Nicholas Arundell at Trerice, Cornwall.

In 1428 John Arundell was born to Nicholas Arundell (age 28) at Trerice, Cornwall.

In 1470 John Arundell was born to John Arundell (age 42) and Anne Moyle (age 30) at Trerice, Cornwall.

In 1495 John "Tilbury Jack" Arundell was born to John Arundell (age 25) and Jane Grenville at Trerice, Cornwall.

On 12 Jul 1512 John Arundell (age 42) died at Trerice, Cornwall.

On 26 Nov 1561 John "Tilbury Jack" Arundell (age 66) died at Trerice, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Truro

In 1606 John Robartes 1st Earl Radnor was born to John Robartes 1st Baron Robartes (age 26) at Truro, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Wadebridge

Wadebridge, Cornwall is a town and civil parish in north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom named after the birdgde over the River Camel five miles from where it joins the sea at Padstow.

The view from looking south from Wadebridge, Cornwall towards St Conan aka Petroc's Church, Egloshayle [Map].

Egloshayle, Cornwall

Pencarrow House, Cornwall

On or before 23 Jun 1668 John Molesworth 3rd Baronet was born to John Molesworth 2nd Baronet (age 33) and Margery Wise Lady Molesworth. He was baptised on 23 Jun 1668 at Pencarrow House, Cornwall.

Around 20 Aug 1744 John St Aubyn 3rd Baronet (age 47) died at Pencarrow House, Cornwall. He was buried at St Crewenna's Church, Crowan on 23 Aug 1744. His son John St Aubyn 4th Baronet (age 17) succeeded 4th Baronet St Aubyn of Clowance in Cornwall.

On 26 Dec 1823 Arscott Ourry Molesworth 7th Baronet (age 34) died at Pencarrow House, Cornwall. His son William Molesworth 8th Baronet (age 13) succeeded 8th Baronet Molesworth of Pencarrow in Cornwall.

St Breock, Wadebridge

St Breock Church, Cornwall [Map]

On 03 Oct 1655 John aka Jan Tregagle was buried at St Breock Church, Cornwall [Map].

On or before 19 May 1679 Elizabeth Hooker died. She was buried at St Breock Church, Cornwall [Map] on 19 May 1679 as recorded by a stone on the east wall of the south aisle.

On or before 07 Feb 1680 John Tregagle of Trevorder died. He was buried at St Breock Church, Cornwall [Map] on 07 Feb 1680. A stone on the east wall of the south aisle records his burial together with that of his wife Elizabeth Hooker on 19 May 1679..

On or before 19 Mar 1708 Jane Whichcote (age 28) died. She was buried at St Breock Church, Cornwall [Map] on 19 Mar 1708.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Wakes Colne

On 28 Oct 1865 Francis Sylvester Grimston (age 42) died at Wakes Colne, Cornwall.

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Whitesand Bay [Map]

On 07 Sep 1497 Perkin Warbreck (age 23) landed at Whitesand Bay, Cornwall [Map].

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Whitsand Bay

Wriothesley's Chronicle 1485-1509. Aug 1497... and in August Perkin Warbeck (age 23) landed in Cornewale,g and by pursuit fledd to Bowdley St. Marie [Map],h but by appoyntment he came to the Kinge, followinge the Courte.i

Note g. In Whitsand Bay; and, having sent his wife, the Lady Catherine Gordon, for safety to Mount St Michael, assumed the title of Richard IV.

Note h. The Sanctuary of Beaulieu [Map] in the New Forest, written in Arnold "Bewdeley sent wary," which has been erroneously transcribed in our MS. "St. Marie."

Note i. In Arnold this passage is, "and so remained following the Court."

Europe, British Isles, South-West England, Cornwall, Zennor

Bosporthennis Quoit [Map]

Bosporthennis Quoit is also in South England West Burial Mounds.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Bosporthennis Cromlech. Bosporthennis Cromlech [Map].

There still remains, however, a fourth Cromlech in Zennor parish, the ruins of which are to be found in a small enclosure near the hamlet of Bosporthennis. It is situated in a marshy valley, running down to the sea at Polmear Cove, skirted on the western side by the picturesque granite peaks of Carn Galva. On the slope of this hill, and some four or five hundred yards from the Cromlech, are the ruins of hut circles, strewn in such numbers over the moor, that it is clear they represent the ground plan of a town of considerable size. One of these huts is, perhaps, the best specimen of the beehive type to be found anywhere in England, and in the style of its masonry presents the same megalithic construction which distinguishes the works of the Cromlech-builders. On the cliffs at Bosigran, about half-a-mile distant, are the remains of one of those "cliff castles" so common on the Cornish coasts, and which, doubtless, served in dangerous times as refuges for the persons and effects of the inhabitants of the surrounding villages.

Zennor Quoit [Map]

Zennor Quoit is also in South England West Burial Mounds.

Nænia Cornubiæ by William Borlase Zennor Cromlech. Zennor Cromlech [Map].

Zennor Quoit, as the Cromlech in the parish of that name is usually called, was, when Borlase wrote his History, the most interesting and perfect specimen of a Kist-Vaen in Western Cornwall. In all probability it had been freshly disinterred from its cairn, or rather the gigantic structure had just succeeded in shaking off, or piercing up through, the crust of loose debris which had been piled over it; for in the middle of the last century, "a stone barrow, fourteen yards in diameter, was heaped round it, and almost reached to the edge of the Quoit."1 Care had been taken, however, in its erection, that no stone should get into the chamber, and it was with great difficulty that a man could squeeze himself into it. Since then, progress and destruction, working together as usual, have much impaired the monu- ment; the cap-stone has been rolled off, and the other stones otherwise damaged by being made to serve as the supports of a cart-shed. Fortunately an original drawing and a plan were made for Dr. Borlase's work, and these the author has been able to reproduce in woodcut from copies of the identical copper-plates then used. They will be found much more accurate and valuable than any sketch of the ruin, as it is at present, could possibly be.

Note 1. The word "Quoit" is here used for the cap-stone only.

The Antiquities of Cornwall by William Borlase Chapter IX. In several parts of Cornwall we find a large flat Stone in a horizontal position (or near it) supportcd by other flat Stones fix'd on their edges, and fasten'd in the ground, on purpose to bear the weight of that Stone, which rests upon, and over-shadows them, and by reason of it's extended surface, and it's elevation of fix or eight feet, or more, from the ground makes the principal figure in tliis kind of Monument. The situation which is generally chosen for this Monument is the very summit of the hill, and nothing can be more exact than the placing some of them, which shews, that those who erected them were very sollicitous to place 'em as conspicuously as possible. Sometimes this flat Stone, and it's supporters, stand upon the plain natural soil, and common level of the ground; but at other times it is mounted on a Barrow made either of Stone or Earth; it is sometimes plac'd in the middle of a Circle of Stones-erect, and when it has a place of that dignity, must be suppos'd to be erected on some extraordinary occasion; but when a Circle has a tall Stone in the middle, it seems to have been unlawful to remove that middle Stone, and therefore we find this Monument of which we are speaking sometimes plac'd on the edge of a Circlec. But we find fome Cromlêhs erected on such rocky situations, and so distant from houses, (where no Stones-erect do stand, or appear to have flood,) that we may conclude, they were often erected in places where there were no such Circles. Some of these Monuments are quite inclos'd, and buried, as it were, in the Barrow; As that of Senor in Cornwall (Plate XVIII. Fig. iii.) and that at Chûn [Map] (Plate XX. Fig. x.) and that mention'd by Wormius, pag. 4. Mon. Dan.d

Note c. Sec Pl. XIII. Fig. iii. a, and b, in Boscawen-ûn [Map] from which we may draw this Consequence; that the Cromlêhs was posteriour in date to the Circle, and the former erected there for the sake of the latter.

Note d. One only which I have yet heard of, has it's Supporters, or Side-Stones, fix'd on a solid Rock. State of Downe, pag. 199.

Celtic, Druidical and Roman Remains. There are five of these ancient monuments in the west of Cornwall, all in a good state of preservation. The remains of one may be seen in a field about half-a-mile from the Lanyon cromlech [Map], and of another at Bosprennis, in Zennor [Map]. There are two other cromlechs beyond the limits of our inquiries, - one at Trevethy [Map], in St. Cleer, and another, now fallen, at Coit, in St. Columb.