On this Day in History ... 12th August

12 Aug is in August.

1332 Battle of Dupplin Moor

1399 Abdication of Richard II

1469 Execution of the Yorkists

1613 Thomas Overbury Murder and Trial of his Murderers

1665 Great Plague of London

See Births, Marriages and Deaths.

Events on the 12th August

On 12 Aug 1156 Blanche Ramirez Queen Consort Castile (age 23) died.

On 12 Aug 1295 Charles Martel King Hungary (age 23) died at Naples. He was buried at Naples Cathedral.

On 12 Aug 1315 Guy Beauchamp 10th Earl Warwick (age 43) died. He was buried at Bordesley Abbey, Worcestershire [Map]. His son Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 2) succeeded 11th Earl Warwick. Given his young age Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 2) became a ward of King Edward II of England (age 31) until 1326.

On 12 Aug 1332 Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between the supporters of the infant King David II of Scotland (age 8), son of Robert "The Bruce" I King Scotland, and the supporters of Edward Balliol I King Scotland (age 49), supported by the English. The Bruce army included Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale and Domhnall Mar II Earl Mar (age 39). The Balliol army included David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl (age 23), Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 30), Thomas Ughtred 1st Baron Ughtred (age 40) and Walter Manny 1st Baron Manny (age 22). The battle is notable for being the first to use dismounted men-at-arms supported by archers; a formation that would bring repeated success to the English both in Scotland and France.

Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale was killed leading a charge.

Nicholas Hay (age 47) was killed.

Thomas Randolph 2nd Earl Moray was killed. His brother John Randolph 3rd Earl Moray (age 26) succeeded 3rd Earl Moray.

After 12 Aug 1332 Edward Balliol I King Scotland (age 49) stayed at Brough Castle [Map].

After 12 Aug 1332 Edward Balliol I King Scotland (age 49) stayed at Pendragon Castle, Cumberland.

After 12 Aug 1332 Edward Balliol I King Scotland (age 49) stayed at Appleby Castle [Map].

After 12 Aug 1332 Edward Balliol I King Scotland (age 49) stayed at Brougham Castle [Map].

On 12 Aug 1399 King Richard II of England (age 32) negotiated with Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 57) at Conwy Castle [Map].

Around 1401. Jean Creton Chronicler. The Capture and Death of King Richard. King Richard II of England, standing in black and red, negotiating Henry Percy 1st Earl of Northumberland (age 59) at Conwy Castle [Map].

Warkworth's Chronicle 1469. 12 Aug 1469And at that tyme was the Lorde Ryvers (age 64) takene, and one of his sonnes (age 24), in the forest of Dene, and brought to Northamtone, and the Erle of Penbroke (deceased) a[nd] Sere Richard Herbarde (deceased) his brother were behedede at Northamtone, alle iiij, by the commawndement of the Duke of Clarence and the Erle of Warwyke (age 40), and Thomas Harbarde was slayne at Brystow, &c.

Note 1. "Hic W. Harberde (deceased), gravissimus et oppressor et spoliator ecclesiasticorum et aliorum multorum per annos multos, hunc tandem, justo Dei judicio pro suis sceleribus et nequiciis, receepit.mercedem. Die Sabbati proximo ante assumpcionem beatissime semper Virginis Marie, captus est Dominus de Rywaus, cum domino Johanne filio suo, et, juxta castrum de Kelingworthe, pariter decollati sunt [Here W. Herbert (deceased), the most grievous oppressor and plunderer of the Church and many others for many years, finally received the just reward for his crimes and wickedness by the judgment of God. On the Saturday next before the assumption of the most blessed Virgin Mary, the Lord Rivers was captured, along with his son John, and they were both beheaded near the castle of Kelingworth]." - MS. Arundel, Coll. Arm. fol. 171 rº.

On 12 Aug 1469 Woodvilles father and son were beheaded at Kenilworth Castle [Map] by supporters of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 40).

Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 64) was beheaded. His son Anthony Woodville 2nd Earl Rivers (age 29) succeeded 2nd Earl Rivers. Elizabeth Scales Countess Rivers by marriage Countess Rivers.

John Woodville (age 24) was beheaded.

On 12 Aug 1503 Christian III King Denmark was born to King Frederick I of Denmark (age 31) and Anna of Brandenburg (age 15).

On 12 Aug 1515 Isabella of Austria Queen Consort Denmark and Norway (age 14) was crowned Queen Consort Denmark.

Letters of the Court of James I 1613 Reverend Thomas Lorkin to Sir Thomas Puckering Baronet 12 Aug 1613. 12 Aug 1613. London. Reverend Thomas Lorkin to Thomas Puckering 1st Baronet (age 21).

First, touching the business which you so particularly commended unto me at our last being together at Florence, Italy, I have had hitherto very small opportunity of dealing farther in it than pressing Mr. Newton (age 33) for his advice and furtherance. For in this general absence of the court, when king, queen, and prince are all in several progresses, little or no means hath been yet offered. Sir Robert Cary (age 53)1, as your brother telleth me, is the fittest man to be dealt with in that kind, to whom I shall most willingly likewise address myself, as having best means to him. Only I attend some further directions from Mr. Newton (age 33) both for the nature of the place I should sue for, and how I should govern myself in my offers for the accomplishment of it.

For news, that which is of chiefest moment is this. There hath lately happened in the Palatine's court a strange quarrel between the English and Scots, and that in this manner and upon this occasion. Sir Andrew Keigh, a Scotsman, that is in some office about the Palatine, happening one day to contest with my Lady Harrington (age 59)2 upon some point in her grace's presence, [he proceeded] to that insolency at the length, as he gave her the lie; and not content therewith (to verify that of the orator, "qui vere cundiæ fines semel transierit, eum benè et gnavitèr oportet esse impudentem," [Note. she who truly has once crossed the bounds of grace must be shameless]) fell to debase my lord (age 73) likewise with very base and opprobrious speeches. Mr. Bushell, who, as I understand, was the only man of all my lord's followers that was then present, finding Keigh not long after in a fit place for that purpose, offered him the combat in defence of his lord's (age 73) and lady's (age 59) honour; and as both were ready to draw, another Scotsman, who was in Keigh's company, interposed himself, and suffered not them to proceed then any farther. Being thus parted, my Lord Harrington (age 73) sent for Mr. Bushell to his chamber (whether to wish him to be quiet, or for what other occasion I know not). In the mean time, this Keigh [at the] head of four or five Scotsmen more, himself being provided, besides his sword, with a square bastinado and a dagger, the rest with the [sword] only, lies in wait to set apon Mr. Bashell at his return: [who, as he was] coming from my lord, and not dreaming of any such enterprise, and going to put his foot in his stirrup to mount up upon his horse, (for my lord's [lodging and his] were far asunder), lo! Keigh steps forth, striking him, [and with the] bastinado fells him: yet presently he recovered himself, and, offering to rise, received a second blow upon the head, and was felled a second time. Notwithstanding all this, he recovered himself again, and drew out his sword in his own defence, being all idone; when all the rest laid about him with their swords, and, being five to one, wounded him very grievously, as having run him through the body, and into divers parts no less than twelve times. During this conflict, Mr. Gray, another of my lord's gentlemen, coming forth, received a thrust in the hand, but not without leaving some of the marks likewise upon them. After that came her grace's coachman, and took part with Mr. Gray (for Mr. Bushell was now left for dead) and hurt two or three of the Scots; who, not daring to abide to fight any longer, partly for fear of others that might come in, and partly for that they supposed their chief enemy either dead or not likely to live, presently quitted the place, and betook themselves to flight. But there was suddenly way made after them, and they all brought back again. Sir Andrew Keigh was confined to his chamber under a sure guard, the rest committed to the ordinary prison; and a messenger presently despatched over into England to understand his majesty's pleasure touching this subject; who has scarcely as yet received the news thereof. Mr. Bushell nevertheless is yet living, and not without hope of recovery. My Lord (age 73) and Lady Harrington (age 59) purpose to return for England this month, and to bring him along with them, (which they may well do by water) if they find him any way able to endure it.

Upon their arrival. Sir John Harrington (age 21)3 purposeth to go and take possession of his government in Guernsey [Map], which he hath lately obtained by an exchange which he hath made between it and a reversion of an office formerly granted him of being master in the King's Bench.

My Lord of Essex's (age 22) cause hath had no hearings of late, and is remitted over to the 18th day of this next new month. Two new commissioners are adjoined to the former, viz., the Bishops of Winchester (age 66)4 and Rochester (age 51)5 that their voice in favour of the nullity may be able to counterpoise the contrary opposition of Canterbury and London.

The Lord Chief Justice Fleming (deceased) is lately dead, and Hobart and Montagu suitors for the place.

In my last letters I acquainted you with the stirs that were at Nismes upon occasion of M. Ferrier, some time their minister. M. le Conestable, who resides in those parts, hath made such a grievous complaint thereof unto the queen (age 11)6, as she hath taken a resolution thereupon to translate, by way of punishment, the presidial seat of justice, which is there, to Beaucaire, a neighbour Catholic town, hard by; which, if it once come to be put in execution, is like to occasion far greater stirs in those quarters.

Note 1. Fourth son of Henry Cary Lord Hunsdon, and grandson of William Cary, Esq., who married Mary Boleyn, sister to Queen Anne Boleyn. Sir Robert Cary (age 53) was created by King James I (age 47), Lord Gary of Lepingdon, in Yorkshire, and by King Charles I (age 12), Earl of Monmooth.

Note 2. Anne (age 59), daughter and sole heir of Robert Kelway, Esq, surveyor of the Court of Wards, and wife of Sir John Harrington (age 73), created 21st July, 1603, by King James the First (age 47), Lord Harrington of Exton in Rutland. He had the tuition of the Lady Elizabeth (age 16), whom he attended, in April, 1613, to the Palatinate; and died in the same year.

Note 3. Son (age 21) of Lord Harrington (age 73). He died in February, 1613-14.

Note 4. Dr. Bilson (age 66).

Note 5. Dr. John Buckridge (age 51).

Note 6. Queen of France (age 11).

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Pepy's Diary. 12 Aug 1665. And my Lord Mayor commands people to be within at nine at night all, as they say, that the sick may have liberty to go abroad for ayre. There is one also dead out of one of our ships at Deptford, Kent [Map], which troubles us mightily; the Providence fire-ship, which was just fitted to go to sea. But they tell me to-day no more sick on board. And this day W. Bodham tells me that one is dead at Woolwich, Kent [Map], not far from the Rope-yard [Map]. I am told, too, that a wife of one of the groomes at Court is dead at Salsbury; so that the King (age 35) and Queene (age 55) are speedily to be all gone to Milton. God preserve us!

Pepy's Diary. 12 Aug 1665. The people die so, that now it seems they are fain to carry the dead to be buried by day-light, the nights not sufficing to do it in.

Evelyn's Diary. 03 Aug 1690. The French landed some soldiers at Teignmouth [Map], in Devon, and burned some poor houses. The French fleet still hovering about the western coast, and we having 300 sail of rich merchant-ships in the bay of Plymouth [Map], our fleet began to move toward them, under three admirals. The country in the west all on their guard. A very extraordinary fine season; but on the 12th was a very great storm of thunder and lightning, and on the 15th the season much changed to wet and cold. The militia and trained bands, horse and foot, which were up through England, were dismissed. The French King having news that King William (age 39) was slain, and his army defeated in Ireland, caused such a triumph at Paris, and all over France, as was never heard of; when, in the midst of it, the unhappy King James (age 56) being vanquished, by a speedy flight and escape, himself brought the news of his own defeat.

On 12 Aug 1757 Louisa Stuart was born to John Stuart 3rd Earl Bute (age 44) and Mary Wortley-Montagu Countess Bute (age 39).

After 12 Aug 1762 Francis Hastings 10th Earl Huntingdon (age 33) incorrectly announced to King George III of Great Britain and Ireland (age 24) that his first born child King George IV of Great Britain and Ireland was a girl. George III had promised £1,000 to the bearer of the news that he had a son and £500 that he had a girl; Francis received neither.

On 12 Aug 1774 Robert Southey was born.

On 12 Aug 1809 Silvester Harding of Pall Mall (age 64) died.

Thomas Bateman 1846. On the 12th of August 1846, was opened a low flat barrow at Windle (Wind Lowe) Nook [Map], near Hargate Wall, Derbyshire, about twenty yards in diameter, two feet high, and encircled by a ring of large flat limestones, placed in a sloping manner on one side, about three yards from the margin of the tumulus, apparently for the purpose of preserving its symmetry. The top of this barrow is surmounted by a large square sandstone, which has originally formed the base of one of the wayside crosses, of which numerous examples remain in the north of Derbyshire. About the centre of the barrow was a cist, measuring near six feet by four, in horizontal area, and three feet in depth, of unusual construction, the sides being built of large stones set on end, some of which appeared above the turf; an examination of the contents of this cist led to the conclusion that it had been applied to sepulchral purposes at various distinct periods, and that the last interment had been partially disturbed at a comparatively recent period; the contents were as follows: small pieces of urn, calcined bones and flints, skeletons of two persons of full stature, and of two infants, one of them very young, and various animal bones, amongst which, those of the rat, weasel, and horse were most conspicuous. All these articles were so much out of their ordinary arrangement, as to leave no doubt of their disinterment at the time of the burial of another skeleton, which lay in a contracted position a few inches above the floor of the vault; this skeleton, which, from the ornaments discovered with it, and the slender proportions of the bones, must be attributed to a female, had not entirely escaped spoliation at a recent period; the following circumstances seem to put this question beyond doubt, namely, the discovery of sundry pieces of tobacco-pipe, and nails from rustics' shoes, and from the fact of finding part of a very large ivory pin, and a fragment of an armilla or bracelet of Kimmeridge coal, both of which would undoubtedly have been perfect at the time they were deposited. Whoever these former excavators were, they were not very close observers as they had overlooked a necklace of beads of the aforesaid Kimmeridge coal, terminated by two perforated conical studs of the same, and enriched by six pieces of ivory, ornamented with the everlasting chevron or zig-zag pattern so universally prevalent on Celtic remains. The beads, exclusive of the studs and ornaments, are seventy-six in number, and are identical with two that are figured in plate 3, vol. i of Sir. Richard Hoare's excellent work. The ivory ornaments are quite novel, no other example having been published.

Note. The necklace discovered at Wind Low on display at Weston Park Museum, Sheffield.

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On 12 Aug 1858 Rear Admiral George Pryse Campbell (age 65) died. Monument in St Elidor's Church Stackpole [Map] dedicated by his widow Charlotte Gascoyne (age 60).

Rear Admiral George Pryse Campbell: In 1793 he was born to John Campbell 1st Baron Cawdor and Isabella Caroline Howard Baroness Cawdor. On 13 Oct 1821 Rear Admiral George Pryse Campbell and Charlotte Gascoyne were married.

Charlotte Gascoyne: On 16 Oct 1797 she was born to General Isaac Gascoyne. On 14 Oct 1873 she died.

On 12 Aug 1870 Susan Stirling Findlay was born.

On 12 Aug 1877 Ambrose McEvoy was born at Crudwell, Wiltshire.

In or before 12 Aug 1883. Richard Buckner (age 70). Portrait of Georgina Moncrieffe Countess Dudley (age 37).

Georgina Moncrieffe Countess Dudley: On 09 Aug 1846 she was born to Thomas Moncrieffe 7th Baronet and Louisa Hay-Drummond Lady Moncrieffe. In 1860 William Ward 1st Earl of Dudley was created 1st Earl of Dudley of Dudley Castle in Staffordshire. She by marriage Countess of Dudley of Dudley Castle in Staffordshire. On 21 Nov 1865 William Ward 1st Earl of Dudley and she were married. The difference in their ages was 29 years. On 02 Feb 1929 she died.

In or before 12 Aug 1883. Richard Buckner (age 70). Portrait of Horatio Walpole 4th Earl Orford (age 70).

Horatio Walpole 4th Earl Orford: On 18 Apr 1813 he was born to Horatio Walpole 3rd Earl Orford and Mary Fawkener Countess Orford. In 1835 Horatio Walpole 4th Earl Orford was elected MP Norfolk East whic hseat he held until 1837. On 29 Dec 1858 Horatio Walpole 3rd Earl Orford died. His son Horatio Walpole 4th Earl Orford succeeded 4th Earl Orford. On 07 Dec 1894 Horatio Walpole 4th Earl Orford died. His nephew Robert Walpole 5th Earl Orford succeeded 5th Earl Orford.

On 12 Aug 1883 Richard Buckner (age 70) died.

Wiltshire Archaeological Magazine 1886 V23 Pages 117-118. 12 Aug 1886. This was followed by a paper on "Ringsbury Camp"' by the Rev. W. H. E. Mc. Knight, which, in the absence of that gentleman, was very kindly read by Mr. James Sadler, of Purton; and then Mr. William Cunnington, F.G.S., exhibited and commented on several specimens of skulls of the dolichocephalic form, which had been taken from the famous long barrow known as "Bowlsbury Tump [Map]," near Heytesbury, opened by himself and Mr. Henry Cunnington, Hon. Curator of the Society, under the auspices of this Society, in June last. The skulls found are of much interest, all of them being of the long (dolichocephalic) shape. They confirm the views of our late fellow-Member, Dr. Thurnham, who first discovered the fact that the people who erected the long barrows possessed longer skulls than those of the people of the round barrows, who succeeded them, and longer than those of any of the modem races of Europeans. They are apparently the most ancient inhabi- tants of this island of whom any record exists. No implements of metal of any kind have been found in their interments, and their pottery is of the rudest kind, without any ornaments. The only traces of art found in Bowls Barrow are flint flakes, struck off in making implements, and an oval quartzite pebble, which has been used at both ends as a hammer. The skulls, or fragments of skulls, of at least fourteen individuals were found on the late occasion: more than half of these had been cleft or fractured, apparently at the time of death. Several of them were shown at the Meeting; also specimens illustrating the differences between the long skulls of the long barrow type, and the shorter skulls o£ the round barrow period. As all these papers will appear in the Magazine, they need not be further mentioned here: needless, too, to say that their authors were severally thanked from the chair, and that the approbation of the audience was made very manifest. Before leaving the room, the President expressed, on behalf of the Society, their gratitude to the inhabitants of Swindon generally for the kind, courteous, and hospitable way in which they had been received; to the Secretaries of the Meeting more especially (Mr. Kinneir, Mr. Shopland, and Mr. Radway), for all the trouble taken by those gentlemen on their behalf, and which had resulted in a very successful Meeting; and last, but not least, to Major Dean, for the facilities he had granted to such of the Members as were wise enough to avail themselves of them, for seeing the celebrated Locomotive and Carriage Works of the G. W. R. Company.

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On 12 Aug 1899 Harold St George Gray (age 27) and Florence Harriet Young (age 24) were married at St Mary's Church, Motcombe. The witnesses were her sister Elizabeth, and their bride and grooms fathers.

Births on the 12th August

On 12 Aug 1387 Jeanne Montfort was born to John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 48) and Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 17). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry III of England.

On 10 or 12 Aug 1449 Bona of Savoy was born to Louis Savoy I Count Savoy (age 36) and Anne Cyprus Countess Savoy (age 30).

On 12 Aug 1503 Christian III King Denmark was born to King Frederick I of Denmark (age 31) and Anna of Brandenburg (age 15).

On 12 Aug 1517 Peter Ernst I Graf of Mansfeld was born.

On 12 Aug 1530 Edmund Gresham was born to John Gresham (age 35) and Mary Ipswell (age 35).

On 12 Aug 1573 Charles Laurence Habsburg Spain was born to Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain (age 46) and Anna of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 23). Coefficient of inbreeding 21.27%.

On 12 Aug 1587 Thomas Evelyn was born to Thomas Evelyn of Long Ditton (age 36).

Around 12 Aug 1596 Mary Caryll Viscountess Molyneux was born to Thomas Caryll of Bentons Shipley West Sussex (age 24) in Bentons Shipley West Sussex.

Before 12 Aug 1631 Charles Myddelton of Ruabon was born.

On 12 Aug 1676 Dorothea Friederike Hohenzollern was born to John Frederick Hohenzollern (age 21).

On 12 Aug 1679 Brook Bridges 1st Baronet was born.

On 12 Aug 1682 Robert Darwin of Elston was born.

On 12 Aug 1721 David Wemyss de jure 6th Earl Wemyss was born to James Wemyss 5th Earl Wemyss (age 21) and Janet Charteris at Wemyss Castle.

On 12 Aug 1729 Frances Dawson was born.

On 12 Aug 1745 Henry Beauclerk was born to Henry Beauclerk (age 44) and Martha Lovelace. He a great grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12 Aug 1757 Louisa Stuart was born to John Stuart 3rd Earl Bute (age 44) and Mary Wortley-Montagu Countess Bute (age 39).

On 12 Aug 1773 Robert King 1st Viscount Lorton was born to Robert King 2nd Earl Kingston (age 19) and Caroline Fitzgerald.

On 12 Aug 1774 Robert Southey was born.

On 12 Aug 1777 Chichester Fortescue was born to Thomas Fortescue (age 33) and Mary Nicholson.

On 12 Aug 1779 Charlotte MacDonnell 3rd Countess of Antrim was born to Randal William MacDonnell 1st Marquess of Antrim (age 29).

On 12 Aug 1811 Eldred Curwen Pottinger of Mount Pottinger in Down was born to Captain Thomas Pottinger (age 27).

On 12 Aug 1818 Edward Plantagenet Robin Hood Hastings was born to Hans Francis Hastings 12th Earl Huntingdon (age 38) and Frances Cobbe Countess Huntingdon.

On 12 Aug 1825 Carnegie Jervis 3rd Viscount St Vincent was born to William Jervis (age 30).

On 12 Aug 1840 Augustus Frederick Guest was born to John Josiah Guest 1st Baronet (age 55) and Charlotte Elizabeth Bertie (age 28).

On 12 Aug 1842 Sydney Montagu was born to John William Montagu 7th Earl Sandwich (age 30) and Mary Paget Countess Sandwich (age 30).

On 12 Aug 1843 George Howard 9th Earl Carlisle was born to Charles Wentworth George Howard (age 29) and Priscilla Harriet Parke at London.

On 12 Aug 1843 Richard Edgcumbe was born to George Edgecumbe (age 43) and Fanny Lucy Shelley (age 32).

On 12 Aug 1852 Algernon Keith-Falconer 9th Earl of Kintore was born.

On 12 Aug 1855 Elizabeth Livingston was born to Maturin Livingston (age 39) at Newport, Rhode Island.

On 12 Aug 1865 Frank Russell 2nd Earl Russell was born to John Russell (age 22) and Katherine Louisa Stanley (age 21).

On 12 Aug 1866 John Vernou Bouvier Jr was born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

On 12 Aug 1868 Frederick Smith 2nd Viscount Hambleden was born to William Henry Smith (age 43) and Emily Danvers 1st Viscountess Hambleden.

On 12 Aug 1870 Susan Stirling Findlay was born.

On 12 Aug 1872 Marie Louise Oldenburg was born to Prince Frederick Christian Oldenburg (age 41) and Helena Windsor (age 26). She a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

On 12 Aug 1877 Ambrose McEvoy was born at Crudwell, Wiltshire.

On 12 Aug 1877 Camillo Marquess Casati Stampa di Soncino was born.

On 12 Aug 1888 Prince Axel of Denmark was born to Prince Valdemar Glücksburg (age 29) and Princess Marie Orléans (age 23).

On 12 Aug 1928 Charles James Fitzroy 6th Baron Southampton was born to Charles Fitzroy 5th Baron Southampton (age 24) and Margaret Drake Baroness Southampton.

On 12 Aug 1963 Robin Loel Hastings Russell was born to Henry Robin Ian Russell 14th Duke Bedford (age 23) and Henrietta Joan Tiarks Duchess Bedford.

Marriages on the 12th August

After 12 Aug 1241 Humphrey Bohun (age 20) and Eleanor de Braose (age 13) were married at Brecon [Map]. He the son of Humphrey Bohun 2nd Earl Hereford 1st Earl Essex (age 37) and Matilda Lusignan Countess Hereford and Essex (age 31). They were fourth cousins.

On 12 Aug 1328 Henry Wittelsbach XIV Duke Bavaria (age 22) and Margaret Luxemburg (age 15) were married. She the daughter of King John I of Bohemia (age 32) and Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia (age 36). He the son of Stephen Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria and Jutta Jawor Duchess Bavaria. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Before 12 Aug 1400 Ingram le Bruyn (age 46) and Elizabeth Pole (age 38) were married.

After 12 Aug 1400 John Golafre (age 35) and Elizabeth Pole (age 38) were married.

On 12 Aug 1416 Antoine Count of Vaudémont (age 16) and Marie Countess of Harcourt (age 17) were married. He the son of Frederick Metz I Count Vaudémont.

Before 12 Aug 1558 John Machel (age 56) and Jane Luddington (age 54) were married.

On 12 Aug 1611 Michael Longueville (age 21) and Susan Grey were married. She the daughter of Charles Grey 7th Earl Kent.

On 12 Aug 1639 Basil Feilding 2nd Earl Denbigh (age 31) and Barbara Lamb were married. He the son of William Feilding 1st Earl Denbigh (age 52) and Susan Villiers Countess Denbigh (age 56).

On 12 Aug 1678 Charles Stuart (age 21) and Clemence Hovell of Hillington (age 16) were married.

On 12 Aug 1697 Dr George Fulham (age 36) and Catherine Evelyn were married.

Before 12 Aug 1700 James Tuchet 5th Earl Castlehaven and Anne Pelson Countess Castlehaven were married. She the daughter of Richard Pelson and Anne Villiers Countess Sussex. He the son of Mervyn Tuchet 4th Earl Castlehaven and Mary Talbot Countess Castlehaven.

On 12 Aug 1741 Landgrave Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt (age 21) and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken (age 20) were married.

On 12 Aug 1802 Thomas Grey 4th Baron Walsingham (age 24) and Elizabeth North Baroness Walsingham (age 25) were married. She the daughter of Bishop Brownlow North (age 61) and Henrietta Maria Bannister.

On 12 Aug 1808 Captain Anthony Abdy (age 28) and Grace Rich (age 16) were married.

On 12 Aug 1808 Arthur Annesley 10th Viscount Valentia (age 22) and Eleanor O'Brien Viscountess Valentia were married.

On 12 Aug 1840 Francis Richard Grey (age 27) and Elizabeth Dorothy Anne Howard (age 23) were married. She the daughter of George Howard 6th Earl Carlisle (age 66) and Georgiana Cavendish Countess Carlisle (age 57). He the son of Charles Grey 2nd Earl Grey (age 76) and Mary Elizabeth Ponsonby Countess Grey (age 64). They were third cousins.

On 12 Aug 1863 Captain Eustace John Wilson-Patten (age 27) and Emily Constantia Thynne (age 23) were married.

On 12 Aug 1874 Hugh Cholmeley 3rd Baronet (age 34) and Edith Sophia Rowley Lady Cholmeley (age 25) were married. She by marriage Lady Cholmeley of Easton in Lincolnshire. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12 Aug 1875 George John Egerton Dashwood 6th Baronet (age 23) and Mary Margaret Seymour Lady Dashwood (age 20) were married. She the daughter of Francis George Hugh Seymour-Conway 5th Marquess Hertford (age 63) and Frances Elizabeth Anson Marchioness Hertford (age 65). She a great x 5 granddaughter of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12 Aug 1880 William George Cavendish-Bentinck (age 26) and Elizabeth Livingston (age 25) were married.

On 12 Aug 1885 John Manners-Sutton 3rd Baron Manners (age 33) and Constance Hamlyn-Fane Baroness Manners (age 23) were married at Bideford, Devon. She by marriage Baroness Manners.

On 12 Aug 1899 Harold St George Gray (age 27) and Florence Harriet Young (age 24) were married at St Mary's Church, Motcombe. The witnesses were her sister Elizabeth, and their bride and grooms fathers.

Deaths on the 12th August

On 12 Aug 651 Bishop Aidan of Lindisfarne died.

On 12 Aug 792 Archbishop Jænberht died.

On 12 Aug 1156 Blanche Ramirez Queen Consort Castile (age 23) died.

On 12 Aug 1183 Margaret Navarre Queen Consort Sicily (age 48) died.

On 12 Aug 1233 Eleanor Vitre Countess of Salisbury (age 75) died in Westcott, Dorking, Surrey.

On 12 Aug 1270 Alan Zouche (age 67) was beheaded at Winchester, Hampshire [Map].

On 12 Aug 1283 Blanche "Navarre" Blois Duchess Brittany (age 57) died.

On 12 Aug 1295 Charles Martel King Hungary (age 23) died at Naples. He was buried at Naples Cathedral.

On 12 Aug 1315 Guy Beauchamp 10th Earl Warwick (age 43) died. He was buried at Bordesley Abbey, Worcestershire [Map]. His son Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 2) succeeded 11th Earl Warwick. Given his young age Thomas Beauchamp 11th Earl Warwick (age 2) became a ward of King Edward II of England (age 31) until 1326.

On 12 Aug 1319 Rudolf Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria (age 44) died.

On 12 Aug 1332 Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between the supporters of the infant King David II of Scotland (age 8), son of Robert "The Bruce" I King Scotland, and the supporters of Edward Balliol I King Scotland (age 49), supported by the English. The Bruce army included Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale and Domhnall Mar II Earl Mar (age 39). The Balliol army included David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl (age 23), Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 30), Thomas Ughtred 1st Baron Ughtred (age 40) and Walter Manny 1st Baron Manny (age 22). The battle is notable for being the first to use dismounted men-at-arms supported by archers; a formation that would bring repeated success to the English both in Scotland and France.

Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale was killed leading a charge.

Nicholas Hay (age 47) was killed.

Thomas Randolph 2nd Earl Moray was killed. His brother John Randolph 3rd Earl Moray (age 26) succeeded 3rd Earl Moray.

On 12 Aug 1332 Domhnhall Mar 9th Earl Mar died. His sixth cousin once removed Thomas Mar 10th Earl Mar (age 2) succeeded 10th Earl Mar.

On 12 Aug 1400 Ingram le Bruyn (age 46) died.

On 12 Aug 1439 Thomas Brooke Baron Cobham (age 48) died.

On 12 Aug 1440 Robert Corbet Lord of Moreton (age 56) died.

On 12 Aug 1446 Robert Clere (age 40) died.

On 12 Aug 1452 Robert Arden (age 31) died in Park Hall.

On 12 Aug 1453 Duncan Campbell 1st Lord Campbell died.

On 12 Aug 1469 Woodvilles father and son were beheaded at Kenilworth Castle [Map] by supporters of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 40).

Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 64) was beheaded. His son Anthony Woodville 2nd Earl Rivers (age 29) succeeded 2nd Earl Rivers. Elizabeth Scales Countess Rivers by marriage Countess Rivers.

John Woodville (age 24) was beheaded.

On 12 Aug 1488 William Harrington (age 63) died.

On 12 Aug 1503 John Covert (age 31) died.

On 12 Aug 1504 John IV Norbury (age 66) died at Stoke D'Abernon, Surrey [Map]. He was buried at Stoke D'Abernon, Surrey [Map].

On 12 Aug 1518 Robert Throckmorton (age 67) died while on pilgrimage to the Holy Land.

On 12 Aug 1523 Colin Campbell 3rd of Glenorchy (age 43) died.

On 12 Aug 1545 Maria Aviz (age 17) died from childbirth one month after giving birth to her son Carlos Habsburg Spain.

On 12 Aug 1547 John Spring died.

On 12 Aug 1558 John Machel (age 56) died.

Before 12 Aug 1560 Dean William May died. He had been elected Archbishop of York the same day.

On 12 Aug 1568 Henry Brouncker (age 58) died.

On 17 May 1569 or 12 Aug 1573 Leonard Dacre died.

Between Jan 1570 and 12 Aug 1570 Arthur Pole of Lordington in Sussex (age 39) died whilst imprisoned at the Tower of London [Map].

Between Jan 1570 and 12 Aug 1570 Edmund Pole of Lordington in Sussex (age 29) died whilst imprisoned at the Tower of London [Map].

On 12 Aug 1570 Ursula Pole (age 66) died.

On 12 Aug 1576 Robert Denny (age 12) died.

On 12 Aug 1577 Unknown Smith (age 63) died.

On 12 Aug 1577 Thomas Smith (age 63) died without issue. He left his estates to his brother George Smith and George's son William Smith of Hill Hall Essex.

On 12 Aug 1586 William Yelverton (age 83) died.

On 12 Aug 1627 William Lovelace (age 44) died.

On 12 Aug 1631 Thomas Myddelton of Chirk (age 81) died. Thomas Myddelton of Chirk Castle (age 45) inherited Chirk Castle [Map].

On 12 Aug 1652 John Delaval (age 73) died.

On 12 Aug 1665 Bishop William Roberts (age 80) died.

On 12 Aug 1681 George Wharton 1st Baronet (age 64) died. His son Polycarpus Wharton 2nd Baronet (age 29) succeeded 2nd Baronet Wharton of Kirby Kendall in Westmorland.

On 12 Aug 1682 Jean-Louis Raduit Count de Souches (age 73) died.

On 12 Aug 1703 William Parker (age 81) died.

On 12 Aug 1705 Samuel Dashwood (age 62) died.

On 12 Aug 1727 Thomas Leveson-Gower (age 28) died.

On 12 Aug 1730 Benedicta Henrietta Palatinate Simmern (age 78) died.

On 12 Aug 1738 Dorothy Wright Countess Stamford (age 53) died.

On 12 Aug 1762 Margaret Stewart Countess Aboyne died.

On 12 Aug 1765 Thomas Allin 2nd Baronet (age 54) died. His brother Ashurst Allin 3rd Baronet (age 45) succeeded 3rd Baronet Allin of Somerleyton in Suffolk.

On 12 Aug 1784 Mary Shirley Viscountess Kilmorey (age 71) died.

On 12 Aug 1794 John Tempest (age 55) died in a riding accident.

On 12 Aug 1809 Silvester Harding of Pall Mall (age 64) died.

On 12 Aug 1811 John Acton 6th Baronet (age 75) died. His son Ferdinand Dalberg-Acton 7th Baronet (age 10) succeeded 7th Baronet Acton of Aldenham Hall.

On 12 Aug 1815 Aubrey Beauclerk 6th Duke St Albans (age 49) died. His son Aubrey Beauclerk 7th Duke St Albans succeeded 7th Duke St Albans, 7th Earl Burford, 7th Baron Heddington. He was four months old.

On 12 Aug 1817 Anne Croker 1st Lady Crofton (age 66) died. Her grandson Edward Crofton 2nd Baron Crofton (age 11) succeeded 2nd Baron Crofton.

On 12 Aug 1832 Archibald Kennedy (age 38) died.

On 12 Aug 1842 Mary Quin Marchioness of Headfort died.

On 12 Aug 1842 Charlotte Beauclerk (age 40) died.

On 12 Aug 1843 Elizabeth Bell Lady Mansel (age 73) died.

On 12 Aug 1854 Robert Jocelyn (age 38) died of cholera.

On 12 Aug 1854 Charlotte Sophia Leveson-Gower Duchess Beaufort (age 83) died.

On 12 Aug 1858 Rear Admiral George Pryse Campbell (age 65) died. Monument in St Elidor's Church Stackpole [Map] dedicated by his widow Charlotte Gascoyne (age 60).

Rear Admiral George Pryse Campbell: In 1793 he was born to John Campbell 1st Baron Cawdor and Isabella Caroline Howard Baroness Cawdor. On 13 Oct 1821 Rear Admiral George Pryse Campbell and Charlotte Gascoyne were married.

Charlotte Gascoyne: On 16 Oct 1797 she was born to General Isaac Gascoyne. On 14 Oct 1873 she died.

On 12 Aug 1865 William Jackson Hooker (age 80) died.

On 12 Aug 1874 Mary Fortescue (age 81) died.

On 12 Aug 1883 Richard Buckner (age 70) died.

On 12 Aug 1893 Arthur George Henry Wellesley (age 42) died.

On 12 Aug 1895 Reverend Charles Frederick Octavius Spencer (age 70) died.

On 12 Aug 1909 Algernon Charles Fountaine (age 57) died at Fitzroy House.

On 12 Aug 1911 Reverend Henry Seymour (age 86) died.

On 12 Aug 1921 Rosalind Frances Stanley Countess Carlisle (age 76) died.

On 12 Aug 1941 Charles Blakiston 6th Baronet (age 78) died without issue. His nephew Arthur Frederick Blakiston 7th Baronet (age 49) succeeded 7th Baronet Blakiston of the City of London.

On 12 Aug 1944 Joseph Patrick Kennedy (age 29) was killed at Blythburgh, Suffolk when his plane exploded over the English Channel during a top-secret mission.

On 12 Aug 1964 Ian Fleming (age 56) died.