On this Day in History ... 20th October
20 Oct is in October.
1445 Richard of York returns to England
1529 Oct Wolsey surrenders the Great Seal
Events on the 20th October
On 20 Oct 1445 Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke York (age 34) returned to England at the end of his five-year appointment in France.
On 20 Oct 1453 John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 22), and his brothers Thomas Neville (age 23) and Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 24), met with Henry Percy 2nd Earl of Northumberland (age 60) and to negotiate peace.
On 20 Oct 1454 both the Neville and Percy families summoned their retainers to their respective castles: Percy to Topcliffe Castle [Map], Neville to Sheriff Hutton Castle [Map] separated by a distance of around four miles.
On 02 Mar 1484 Ralph Fitzherbert (age 56) died at Norbury, Derbyshire [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Barlok, Norbury [Map].
On 20 Oct 1490 Elizabeth Marshall (age 53) died. She was buried at Church of St Barlok, Norbury [Map].
Monument to Ralph and Elizabeth. Finely made in Chellaston alabaster of the Fluted Period. Possibly Harpur and Moorecock of Burton on Trent.
Ralph Fitzherbert: Ralph Fitzherbert and Elizabeth Marshall were married. Around 1428 he was born to Nicholas Fitzherbert and Alice Booth at Norbury, Derbyshire.
Elizabeth Marshall: Around 1437 she was born to John Marshall.
Bobbed hair with finely detailed ringlets. No facial hair. Suns and Roses Collar and the Fitzherbert Clenched Fist Crest.
His effigy notable for being the only remaining with the Yorkist Boar Pendant (boar of Richard III) on his Suns and Roses Collar.
A finely carved Horned Headdress.
A finely carved collar with Mary and baby Jesus pendant.
Fine Sabatons, the armoured feet, with spurs. Note the Bedesman, looking somewhat bored, under the right foot. Unlikely the sculptor had ever seen a lion. Feet resting on a Lion with Swirling Tail and Chunky Lions Mane.
The chest finely made with weepers on the three extant sides. On one side five single men (a knight, a monk, two merchants and one unknown), and one couple. On the other side women, four single, two duos. Ralph and Elizabeth had twelve children, six male, six female so probable the weepers represent their children, possibly with spouses, possibly with offspring since in the two females duos there is a noticeable difference in height.
Excellent weepers on all sides, probably their issue, possibly with grandchildren, on the longer sides since they had six boys and six girls. Chest with Weepers holding Shields.
On 20 Oct 1496 Philip "Handsome Fair" King Castile (age 18) and Joanna "The Mad" Trastámara Queen Castile (age 17) were married. She the daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon (age 44) and Isabella Queen Castile (age 45). He the son of Maximilian Habsburg I Holy Roman Emperor (age 37) and Mary Valois Duchess Burgundy. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. 
Letters and Papers 1529. 25 Oct 1529. Rym. XIV. 349. 6025. Cardinal Wolsey (age 56).
Memorandum of the surrender of the Great Seal by Cardinal Wolsey, on 17 Oct., to the dukes of Norfolk (age 56) and Suffolk (age 45), in his gallery at his house at Westminster, at 6 o'clock p.m., in the presence of Sir William Fitzwilliam (age 39), John Tayler, and Stephen Gardiner (age 46). The same was delivered by Tayler to the King (age 38) at Windsor [Map], on the 20 Oct., by whom it was taken out and attached to certain documents, in the presence of Tayler and Gardiner, Henry Norris (age 47), Thomas Heneage (age 49), Ralph Pexsall, clerk of the Crown, John Croke, John Judd, and Thomas Hall, of the Hanaper.
On the 25th Oct. the seal was delivered by the King at East Greenwich to Sir Thomas More (age 51), in the presence of Henry Norres (age 47) and Chr. Hales, Attorney General, in the King's privy chamber; and on the next day, Tuesday, 26 Oct., More took his oath as Chancellor in the Great Hall [Map] at Westminster, in presence of the dukes of Norfolk (age 56) and Suffolk (age 45), Th. marquis of Dorset (age 52), Henry marquis of Exeter (age 33), John Earl of Oxford (age 58), Henry Earl of Northumberland (age 27), George Earl of Shrewsbury (age 61), Ralph Earl of Westmoreland (age 31), John Bishop of Lincoln (age 56), Cuthbert Bishop of London (age 55), John Bishop of Bath and Wells, Sir Rob. Radclyf, Viscount Fitzwater (age 46), Sir Tho. Boleyn, Viscount Rocheforde (age 52), Sir WilliamSandys, Lord (age 52) and others.
Close Roll, 21 Henry VIII. m. 19d.
Letters and Papers 1537. 20 Oct 1537. Sir George Throkmorton (age 42) to [Henry VIII.].
About six or seven years ago conversed with Sir Thos. Dyngley in the garden at St. John's about the Parliament matters. Dyngley wondered that the Act of Appeals should pass so lightly, and Throgmorton said it was no wonder as few would displease my lord Privy Seal. Told Sir Thomas he had been sent for by the King after speaking about that Act, and that he saw his Grace's conscience was troubled about having married his brother's wife. "And I said to him that I told your Grace I feared if ye did marry Queen Anne (age 30) your conscience would be more troubled at length, for it is thought ye have meddled both with the mother [Elizabeth Howard Countess of Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 51)] and the sister [Mary Boleyn (age 32)]. And his Grace said 'Never with the mother (age 51).' And my lord Privy Seal standing by said 'Nor never with the sister (age 32) either, and therefore put that out of your mind.'" This was in substance all their communication. Intended no harm to the King, but only out of vainglory to show he was one that durst speak for the common wealth; otherwise he refuses the King's pardon and will abide the most shameful death.
Was asked by my lord Privy Seal to write what other communication he may have had about the King at the Queen's Head or elsewhere; which is very hard for him to do. Reported the same conversation to Sir Thos. Englefelde at Serjeants Inn, and, he believes, to Sir William Essex; also, he rather thinks, to Sir Will. Barentyne. Essex, Barentyne, Sir John Gyfforde, Sir Marmaduke Constable and others did much use the Queen's Head at dinner and supper. Caused all servants to withdraw when they conversed of Parliament matters, but made no appointments to meet. Begs the King to have pity on his wife and children, for the service that he and his blood have done to the King's ancestors, considering how at Grafton he pardoned the writer all things concerning the Parliament, &c.
As to his unthrifty and unnatural brother, the writer met at dinner, at St. John's last Midsummer, Sir Thos. Dyngley and a young man whom he believed to dwell with Ric. Fermour. The one (he thinks the latter) told him "Your brother Michael is in good health, for I saw him of late in Antwerp in a chapel at mass." Replied that he would he had never been born. Has heard that he wrote a letter to Dr. Wotton since his departure. Has written to him since by my lord Privy Seal's mind, "which I will surely follow, both upon him and his master [Cardinal Reginald Pole (age 30)], and if it be to Rome yates, to die, upon them both in that quarrel, if your Grace's pleasure be I shall so do." Regrets having shown these matters to any man, but would rather be imprisoned for life than live at large in the King's indignation.
Explains his conduct since the beginning of the Parliament of 21 Hen. VIII. Just before that Parliament friar Peto, who was in a tower in Lambeth over the gate, sent for him and showed him two sermons that he and another friar had made before the King at Greenwich, and reported a long conversation he had had with the King in the garden after the sermon. He said he had told the King that he could have no other wife while the Princess Dowager lived unless he could prove carnal knowledge between prince Arthur and her; which he said was impossible, as she, who knew best, had received the Sacrament to the contrary, and she was so virtuous that her word deserved more credit than all the other proofs; that prince Arthur's saying that he had been in the midst of Spain was probably but a light word; and that the King could never marry Queen Anne as it was said he had meddled with the mother [Elizabeth Howard Countess of Wiltshire and Ormonde (age 51)] and the daughter [Mary Boleyn (age 32)]. He moreover advised Throgmorton if he were in the Parliament house to stick to that matter, as he would save his soul. Shortly after the beginning of the Parliament, when he had "reasoned" to the Bill of Appeals, Sir Thos. More, then Chancellor, sent Saye for him to come and speak with him in the Parliament chamber, "where, as I do remember me, stood an altar, or a thing like unto an altar, whereupon he did lean; and, as I do think, the same time the bishop of Bath was talking with him." Sir Thomas said he was glad to hear that he was so good a Catholic and that, if he continued, he would deserve great reward of God and thanks at length of the King. Took so much pride of this that he went shortly after to the bp. of Rochester with whom he had much conversation about the Acts of Appeals, Annates and Supremacy, and the authority given by our Lord to Peter. The last time he was with him the bp. gave him a book of his own device on the subject; which book he delivered to my lord Privy Seal at his house at Austin Friars. The bp. also advised him to speak with Mr. Wilson, which he did at St. Thomas the Apostle's, who also showed him divers bocks noted with his own hand, to confirm the same opinion. Went afterwards to Syon to one Reynolds, of whom he was confessed, and showed him his conscience in all these causes; who advised him to stick to his opinion to the death, else he would surely be damned, and also not to hold his peace in Parliament even if he thought his speaking could not prevail. This was against the opinion of the bp. of Rochester and Mr. Wylson, but Reynolds said he did not know how he might encourage others in the house to do the same. It was these counsels that blinded him so long; but he now asks pardon, having perceived his error by reading the New Testament and The Institution of a Christian Man. Prays for the prosperous estate of the King and his little son prince Edward.
Hol., pp. 9. A blank leaf found apart, but apparently belonging to this document is docketed: Concerning Sir Thomas Dyngley.
Letters and Papers 1535. 20 Oct 1535. R. O.646. Rowland Morton to Cromwell.
I send you a list of those in this county who have taken the oath to the Act of Succession, although I never could get a sight of the Commission. You will see my diligence by the records presented to you, both now and at Tewkesbury. Of the 22 hundreds into which the county is divided, eight were left to me, not only by the Act of Succession but likewise in the county of Worcester, besides the taxation of the subsidy in both, the tenth of the spiritualty, the commission of musters,&c., to my great labor and charge. The acceptance of my services would be of great solace to me. "Now heartless without refuge, unless your mastership tender the same, I open my stomach as a poor man loaded and overcharged with worldly burdens." Therefore I beg you will dispense with my personal appearance at London this "soure" time of sickness. Twynnynge, 20 Oct. Signed.
Pp. 2. Add.: Secretary.
On 20 Oct 1612 Richard Boyle 2nd Earl Cork 1st Earl Burlington was born to Richard Boyle 1st Earl Cork (age 46) and Catherine Fenton Countess Cork (age 27) at The College, Youghal, Cork.
On 20 Oct 1650 Robert Shirley 1st Earl Ferrers was born to Robert Shirley 4th Baronet (age 21) and Catherine Okeover.
Pepy's Diary. 20 Oct 1662. Insomuch that after I had done with the Duke, and thence gone with Commissioner Pett (age 52) to Mr. Lilly's (age 44), the great painter, who came forth to us; but believing that I come to bespeak a picture, he prevented us by telling us, that he should not be at leisure these three weeks; which methinks is a rare thing.
Pepy's Diary. 20 Oct 1666. Thence, with Sir G. Carteret (age 56), home to dinner, with him, my Lady and Mr. Ashburnham (age 62), the Cofferer. Here they talk that the Queene (age 56) hath a great mind to alter her fashion, and to have the feet seen, which she loves mightily; and they do believe that it [will] come into it in a little time. Here I met with the King's declaration about his proceedings with the King of Denmarke (age 57), and particularly the business of Bergen; but it is so well writ, that, if it be true, the King of Denmarke (age 57) is one of the most absolute wickednesse in the world for a person of his quality.
Pepy's Diary. 20 Oct 1668. So to my tailor's, and the New Exchange, and so by coach home, and there, having this day bought "The Queene (age 58) of Arragon" play, I did get my wife and W. Batelier to read it over this night by 11 o'clock, and so to bed.
Evelyn's Diary. 20 Oct 1674. At Lord Berkeley's (age 46), I discoursed with Sir Thomas Modiford (age 54), late Governor of Jamaica, and with Colonel Morgan (age 39), who undertook that gallant exploit from Nombre de Dios to Panama, on the Continent of America; he told me 10,000 men would easily conquer all the Spanish Indies, they were so secure. They took great booty, and much greater had been taken, had they not been betrayed and so discovered before their approach, by which the Spaniards had time to carry their vast treasure on board ships that put off to sea in sight of our men, who had no boats to follow. They set fire to Panama, and ravaged the country sixty miles about. The Spaniards were so supine and unexercised, that they were afraid to fire a great gun.
On 20 Oct 1700 Charlotte Aglaé Bourbon was born to Philippe Bourbon II Duke Orléans (age 26) and Françoise Marie Bourbon Duchess Orléans (age 23). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.39%.
On 20 Oct 1714 King George I of Great Britain and Ireland (age 54) was crowned I King Great Britain and Ireland at Westminster Abbey [Map] by Archbishop Thomas Tenison (age 78).
Charles Fitzroy 2nd Duke Grafton (age 30) was appointed Lord High Steward.
On 20 Oct 1743 Michael Dahl (age 84) died.
On 20 Oct 1767 Marie Sophie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway was born to Charles Hesse-Kassel (age 22) and Louise Oldenburg (age 17). She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.89%.
After 20 Oct 1838 Monument to John Fitchett of Warrington.
After 20 Oct 1858. St Swithun's Church, Leadenham [Map]. Monument to Frances Wilhelmina Welby (deceased) and Frances Susan Reeve by Thomas Gaffin.
Frances Wilhelmina Welby:
On 13 Apr 1832 she was born to Glynne Earl Welby 3rd Baronet and Frances Cholmeley.
Before 09 Oct 1858 Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Reeve and she were married.
On 20 Oct 1858 Frances Wilhelmina Welby died eleven days after giving birth to her daughter Frances Susan Reeve.
Frances Susan Reeve: On 09 Oct 1858 she was born to Lieutenant Colonel William Henry Reeve and Frances Wilhelmina Welby. Her mother died eleven days later. On 12 Mar 1864 she died.
On 20 Oct 1861 Arthur George Walker was born to Robert Walker (age 35) at Hackney.
On 20 Oct 1867 Millicent Fanny St Clair-Erskine Duchess of Sutherland was born to Robert St Clair-Erskine 4th Earl of Rosslyn (age 34) and Blanche Adeliza Fitzroy (age 28) at Dysart House.
On 19 Apr 1870 Julian Henry Charles Fane (age 42) died. On 20 Oct 1868 Adine Eliza Anne Cowper (age 28) died. Memorial in the Church of St Leonard, Apethorpe [Map].
Julian Henry Charles Fane: On 10 Oct 1827 he was born to John Fane 11th Earl of Westmoreland and Priscilla Anne Wellesley-Pole Countess of Westmoreland. In 1866 Julian Henry Charles Fane and Adine Eliza Anne Cowper were married. She the daughter of George Augustus Frederick Cowper 6th Earl Cowper and Ann Florence Robinson Countess Cowper. He the son of John Fane 11th Earl of Westmoreland and Priscilla Anne Wellesley-Pole Countess of Westmoreland.
Adine Eliza Anne Cowper: In 1840 she was born to George Augustus Frederick Cowper 6th Earl Cowper and Ann Florence Robinson Countess Cowper.
Births on the 20th October
On 20 Oct 1050 Thurston "The Norman" Basset was born at Ouilly Basset.
On 20 Oct 1255 Ferdinand de la Cerda Ivrea was born to Alfonso X King Castile X King Leon (age 33) and Violante Barcelona Queen Consort Castile Queen Consort Leon. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.
Around 20 Oct 1290 Richard de Weyland was born to John de Weyland (age 30) and Mary de de Braose (age 21). He a great x 3 grandson of King John "Lackland" of England.
On 20 Oct 1496 Claude Lorraine 1st Duke Guise was born to René Lorraine II Duke Lorraine Duke of Bar (age 45) and Philippa Egmont Duchess of Bar Duchess Lorraine (age 29).
On 20 Oct 1509 Arthur Stewart 1st Duke Rothesay was born to King James IV of Scotland (age 36) and Margaret Tudor Queen Scotland (age 19) at Holyrood Palace, Holyrood. He a grandson of King Henry VII of England and Ireland.
On 20 Oct 1512 Adrienne Estouteville Duchess Estouteville was born.
On 20 Oct 1556 George Booth 1st Baronet was born to William Booth at Bowdon Chester.
On 20 Oct 1557 Unamed Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 30) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 29). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
On 20 Oct 1612 Richard Boyle 2nd Earl Cork 1st Earl Burlington was born to Richard Boyle 1st Earl Cork (age 46) and Catherine Fenton Countess Cork (age 27) at The College, Youghal, Cork.
On 20 Oct 1632 Edward Hungerford was born to Anthony Hungerford (age 24) and Rachel Jones. He was baptised at St Mary the Virgin Church, Black Bourton.
On 20 Oct 1632 Elizabeth Hungerford was born to Anthony Hungerford (age 24) and Rachel Jones.
On 20 Oct 1648 Margaret Lowther was born to Robert Lowther (age 53) and Elizabeth Holcroft.
On 20 Oct 1650 Robert Shirley 1st Earl Ferrers was born to Robert Shirley 4th Baronet (age 21) and Catherine Okeover.
On 20 Oct 1657 James Graham 3rd Marquess Montrose was born to James Graham 2nd Marquess Montrose (age 26) and Isabel Douglas Marchioness Montrose (age 27).
On 20 Oct 1660 Robert Bertie 1st Duke Ancaster and Kesteven was born to Robert Bertie 3rd Earl Lindsey (age 29) and Elizabeth Wharton Countess Lindsey (age 28).
On 20 Oct 1663 Alexander Luttrell was born to Francis Luttrell (age 35).
On 20 Oct 1670 frances bennett countess of salisbury 1670 1713 was born to Simon Bennett (age 46) and Grace Moorwood.
On 20 Oct 1674 Henry Seymour 1st Baronet was born to Henry Seymour (age 62) and Elizabeth Killigrew (age 61). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%. 
Before 20 Oct 1683 Francis Howard 1st Earl of Effingham was born to Francis Howard 5th Baron Howard (age 40) and Philadelphia Pelham Baroness Howard (age 29). On 20 Oct 1683 Francis Howard 1st Earl of Effingham was baptised.
On 20 Oct 1700 Charlotte Aglaé Bourbon was born to Philippe Bourbon II Duke Orléans (age 26) and Françoise Marie Bourbon Duchess Orléans (age 23). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland. Coefficient of inbreeding 7.39%.
On 20 Oct 1709 Barbara Bentinck was born to William Bentinck 1st Earl of Portland (age 60) and Jane Martha Temple Countess Portland (age 37).
On 20 Oct 1713 James "Wicked Earl" Cecil was born to James Cecil 5th Earl Salisbury (age 22) and Anne Tufton Countess of Salisbury.
On 20 Oct 1767 Marie Sophie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway was born to Charles Hesse-Kassel (age 22) and Louise Oldenburg (age 17). She a great granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland. Coefficient of inbreeding 6.89%.
On 20 Oct 1779 William Mordaunt Sturt Milner 4th Baronet was born to William Mordaunt Milner 3rd Baronet (age 25) and Diana Sturt Lady Milner.
On 20 Oct 1784 Henry John Temple 3rd Viscount Palmerston was born to Henry Temple 2nd Viscount Palmerston (age 44) and Mary Mee Viscountess Palmerston.
On 20 Oct 1795 Thomas William Anson 1st Earl Lichfield was born to Thomas Anson 1st Viscount Anson (age 28) and Anne Margaret Coke Viscountess Anson (age 16). He was baptised at St Michael and All Angels Church, Colwich [Map]. He was educated at Eton College [Map] and Christ Church College, Oxford University.
On 20 Oct 1797 Felicia Elizabetha Hole was born.
On 20 Oct 1804 Jane Grey was born to George Grey 1st Baronet (age 37) and Mary Whitbread Lady Grey (age 34).
On 20 Oct 1812 Arthur Grey 12th Baronet was born to Arthur Hasselrigge aka Grey 11th Baronet (age 21) and Henrietta Anne Bourne Lady Haselrigge (age 28).
On 20 Oct 1825 William Agnew 1st Baronet was born to Thomas Agnew (age 30).
On 20 Oct 1831 Thomas Frederick Charles Vernon Wentworth was born to Frederick William Thomas Vernon Wentworth (age 36) and Augusta Frederica Brudenell (age 36). Coefficient of inbreeding 3.12%. 
On 20 Oct 1838 Victoria Russell was born to John Russell 1st Earl Russell (age 46) and Adelaide Lister (age 31).
On 20 Oct 1839 Charles Thomas Montagu-Douglas-Scott was born to Walter Scott 5th Duke Buccleuch 7th Duke Queensberry and Charlotte Anne Thynne Duchess Buccleuch Duchess Queensbury (age 28).
On 20 Oct 1850 Charles William Noel 3rd Earl Gainsborough was born to Charles George Noel 2nd Earl Gainsborough (age 32) and Ida Harriet Augusta Hay Countess Gainsborough (age 29). He a great grandson of King William IV of the United Kingdom.
On 20 Oct 1851 Lilian Selina Elizabeth Lumley Marchioness Zetland was born to Richard Lumley 9th Earl Scarborough (age 38) and Adeliza Drummond Countess Scarborough.
On 20 Oct 1853 James Henry Duncombe was born to William Duncombe 1st Earl Feversham (age 24) and Mabel Violet Graham Countess Feversham (age 20). Coefficient of inbreeding 1.57%. 
On 20 Oct 1861 Francis John "Frank" Tennant was born to Charles Tennant 1st Baronet (age 37) and Emma Winsloe Lady Tennant (age 40).
On 20 Oct 1861 Arthur George Walker was born to Robert Walker (age 35) at Hackney.
On 20 Oct 1867 Millicent Fanny St Clair-Erskine Duchess of Sutherland was born to Robert St Clair-Erskine 4th Earl of Rosslyn (age 34) and Blanche Adeliza Fitzroy (age 28) at Dysart House.
On 20 Oct 1878 Vere Frederick Bertie 2nd Viscount Bertie was born to Francis Bertie 1st Viscount Bertie Thame (age 34) and Feodorowna Cecilia Wellesley Viscountess Bertie Thame (age 40).
On 20 Oct 1880 Captain Louis Edwin William Egerton was born to Alfred Mordaunt Egerton (age 37) and Mary Georgiana Ormsby-Gore (age 22).
On 20 Oct 1894 Maximilian Friedrich Hesse-Kassel was born to Frederick Charles I King Finland (age 26) and Margaret Hohenzollern (age 22). He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
On 20 Oct 1913 Ataúlfo Alejandro Orléans Galliera was born to Alfonso Orléans Galliera Duke Galliera (age 26) and Beatrice Windsor Duchess Galliera (age 29) at Madrid. She a great granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
On 20 Oct 1914 Jacqueline Vereker Countess de l'Isle was born to John Standish Surtees Prendergast 6th Viscount Gort (age 28) and Corinna Katherine Medlicott Vereker (age 23).
On 20 Oct 1915 Mary Patricia Harrison Marchioness Abergavenny was born to John Fenwick Harrison.
On 20 Oct 1926 Edward John Barrington Douglas-Scott-Montagu 3rd Baron Montagu of Beaulieu was born to John Douglas-Scott-Montagu 2nd Baron Montagu of Beaulieu (age 60) and Alice Pearl Crake Baroness Montagu (age 31).
On 20 Oct 1956 Lucinda "Lucy" Baring was born to John Francis Baring 7th Baron Ashburton (age 27) and Susan Renwick (age 26).
On 20 Oct 1960 Christopher Leigh 6th Baron Leigh was born to John Leigh 5th Baron Leigh (age 25).
On 20 Oct 1977 Sarah Katherine Jane Villiers was born to George Frederick Laurence Hyde Villiers 7th Earl Clarendon (age 44).
Marriages on the 20th October
Before 20 Oct 1290 John de Weyland (age 30) and Mary de de Braose (age 21) were married. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King John "Lackland" of England.
Before 20 Oct 1333 Robert Ferrers 3rd Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 24) and Margaret Unknown Baroness Ferrers Chartley were married. She by marriage Baroness Ferrers of Chartley.
Before 20 Oct 1392 Thomas Holland 1st Duke Surrey (age 18) and Joan Stafford Countess Kent (age 14) were married. She the daughter of Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford (age 58). He the son of Thomas Holland 2nd Earl Kent (age 42) and Alice Fitzalan Countess Kent (age 42). They were third cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward "Longshanks" I of England. 
After 20 Oct 1474 Alexander Gordon 3rd Earl Huntley and Jean Stewart Countess Huntley (age 13) were married. She the daughter of John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl (age 34) and Eleanor Sinclair Countess Atholl (age 17). He the son of George Gordon 2nd Earl Huntley (age 19). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. 
On 20 Oct 1496 Philip "Handsome Fair" King Castile (age 18) and Joanna "The Mad" Trastámara Queen Castile (age 17) were married. She the daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon (age 44) and Isabella Queen Castile (age 45). He the son of Maximilian Habsburg I Holy Roman Emperor (age 37) and Mary Valois Duchess Burgundy. They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
Before 20 Oct 1528 John Paulet 2nd Marquess Winchester (age 18) and Elizabeth Willoughby were married. He the son of William Paulet 1st Marquess Winchester (age 45) and Elizabeth Capell Marchioness Winchester. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. 
After 20 Oct 1586 Henry Clinton 2nd Earl Lincoln (age 45) and Elizabeth Morrison Countess Lincoln were married. She by marriage Countess Lincoln. She the daughter of Richard Morrison and Bridget Hussey Countess Bedford (age 60). He the son of Edward Clinton 1st Earl Lincoln and Ursula Stourton Baroness Clinton.
Before 20 Oct 1587 Robert Gage (age 83) and Elizabeth Wilford were married.
On 20 Oct 1600 Thomas Egerton 1st Viscount Brackley (age 60) and Alice Spencer Countess Derby (age 51) were married.
Before 20 Oct 1670 Simon Bennett (age 46) and Grace Moorwood were married.
On 20 Oct 1746 John Turner 3rd Baronet (age 34) and Miss Stonehouse were married.
On 20 Oct 1778 Edward Foley (age 31) and Anne Margaret Coventry were married. She the daughter of George Coventry 6th Earl Coventry (age 56) and Maria Gunning Countess Coventry.
On 20 Oct 1784 Ludwig Friedrich Alexander of Württemberg (age 28) and Princess Maria Czartoryska (age 16) were married. They divorced in 1793.
On 20 Oct 1793 Luke Gardiner 1st Viscount Mountjoy (age 48) and Margaret Wallis (age 23) were married. The difference in their ages was 24 years.
On 20 Oct 1794 George Talbot Rice 3rd Baron Dynevor (age 29) and Frances Townshend Baroness Dynevor were married. She by marriage Baroness Dynevor of Dynevor in Camarthenshire.
On 20 Oct 1800 Somerset Lowry-Corry 2nd Earl Belmore (age 26) and Juliana Butler Countess Belmore (age 17) were married. He the son of Armar Lowry-Corry 1st Earl Belmore (age 60) and Margaret Butler. They were first cousins.
On 20 Oct 1807 Thomas William Tatton and Emma Grey (age 25) were married.
On 20 Oct 1810 Edward Kerrison 1st Baronet (age 34) and Mary Martha Ellice were married at St George's Church, Hanover Square.
On 20 Oct 1812 George Cholmondeley 2nd Marquess Cholmondeley (age 20) and Caroline Anne Julie Campbell were married at Gibraltar. He the son of George Cholmondeley 1st Marquess Cholmondeley (age 63) and Georgina Charlotte Bertie Marchioness Cholmondeley (age 51).
On 20 Oct 1813 Augustus Clifford 1st Baronet (age 25) and Elizabeth Frances Townshend (age 24) were married. He the illegitmate son of William Cavendish 5th Duke Devonshire and Elizabeth Christiana Hervey Duchess Devonshire (age 55).
Before 20 Oct 1819 Edmund Prideaux (age 53) and Hebe Prideaux were married. Her sister Elizabeth St Aubyn married, or would marry, his brother Humphrey Prideaux.
On 20 Oct 1879 Archibald Ernest Orr-Ewing 3rd Baronet (age 26) and Mabel Addington Lady Orr-Ewing were married.
On 20 Oct 1884 Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower 4th Duke of Sutherland (age 33) and Millicent Fanny St Clair-Erskine Duchess of Sutherland (age 17) were married; her seventeenth birthday. He the son of George Leveson-Gower 3rd Duke Sutherland (age 55) and Anne Hay Mackenzie Duchess Sutherland (age 55).
On 20 Oct 1885 Prince Valdemar Glücksburg (age 26) and Princess Marie Orléans (age 20) were married in a civil ceremony at Château d'Eu [Map]. He the son of King Christian IX of Denmark (age 67) and Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark (age 68). He a great x 3 grandson of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 20 Oct 1900 Frederic Henley 4th Baron Henley (age 51) and Augusta Frederica Langham were married.
On 20 Oct 1932 Gustaf Adolf Bernadotte (age 26) and Sibylla Saxe Coburg Gotha (age 24) were married. He the son of Gustaf Adolph VI King Sweden (age 49) and Margaret "Daisy" Windsor. They were second cousins. He a great grandson of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. She a great granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
Deaths on the 20th October
On 19 or 20 Oct 1765 Amalie von Wendt Countess of Yarmouth (age 61) died.
Florence of Worcester Continuation. 20 Oct 1123. Theowulf, the twenty-sixth bishop of Worcester, died on Saturday the thirteenth of the calends of November (20th October) at his vill of Hampton.3
08 Dec 1123. Robert, abbot of Tewkesbury, departed this life on the sixth of the ides [the 8th] of December. Alexander (age 45), king of Scots, was succeeded by David (age 39) his brother.
Note 3. Hampton-upon-Avon, or Bishop's Hampton, now called Hampton Lucy, near Stratford; an ancient possession of the bishops of Worcester.
On 20 Oct 1139 Henry "Proud" Welf X Duke Bavaria (age 31) died.
On 20 Oct 1311 Nicholas Carew (age 58) died in Carew Castle.
On 20 Oct 1315 Agnes Wittelsbach (age 61) died.
On 20 Oct 1317 Alice Wafre (age 62) died at Silferton, Devon.
On 20 Oct 1347 Adolph La Marck II Count La Marck died.
After 20 Oct 1419 Robert Denny (age 69) died.
On 20 Oct 1455 Leonard Hastings (age 59) died at Kirkby, Leicestershire.
On 02 Mar 1484 Ralph Fitzherbert (age 56) died at Norbury, Derbyshire [Map]. He was buried at Church of St Barlok, Norbury [Map].
On 20 Oct 1490 Elizabeth Marshall (age 53) died. She was buried at Church of St Barlok, Norbury [Map].
Monument to Ralph and Elizabeth. Finely made in Chellaston alabaster of the Fluted Period. Possibly Harpur and Moorecock of Burton on Trent.
Ralph Fitzherbert: Ralph Fitzherbert and Elizabeth Marshall were married. Around 1428 he was born to Nicholas Fitzherbert and Alice Booth at Norbury, Derbyshire.
Elizabeth Marshall: Around 1437 she was born to John Marshall.
Bobbed hair with finely detailed ringlets. No facial hair. Suns and Roses Collar and the Fitzherbert Clenched Fist Crest.
His effigy notable for being the only remaining with the Yorkist Boar Pendant (boar of Richard III) on his Suns and Roses Collar.
A finely carved Horned Headdress.
A finely carved collar with Mary and baby Jesus pendant.
Fine Sabatons, the armoured feet, with spurs. Note the Bedesman, looking somewhat bored, under the right foot. Unlikely the sculptor had ever seen a lion. Feet resting on a Lion with Swirling Tail and Chunky Lions Mane.
The chest finely made with weepers on the three extant sides. On one side five single men (a knight, a monk, two merchants and one unknown), and one couple. On the other side women, four single, two duos. Ralph and Elizabeth had twelve children, six male, six female so probable the weepers represent their children, possibly with spouses, possibly with offspring since in the two females duos there is a noticeable difference in height.
Excellent weepers on all sides, probably their issue, possibly with grandchildren, on the longer sides since they had six boys and six girls. Chest with Weepers holding Shields.
On 20 Oct 1487 Isabel Hay Lady Kerr (age 44) died.
After 20 Oct 1498 Elizabeth Scrope Baroness Scrope Bolton died.
On 20 Oct 1544 Richard Cromwell (age 49) died at Hinchinbrooke House [Map].
On 20 Oct 1551 William Gascoigne (age 84) died at Fryston.
On 20 Oct 1557 Unamed Habsburg Spain died.
In 20 Oct 1557 Mary Arundell Countess Arundel died.
On 20 Oct 1558 Edward Littleton (age 53) died.
Before 20 Oct 1581 Elizabeth Lennard (age 1) died. On 20 Oct 1581 she was buried.
On 20 Oct 1587 Robert Gage (age 83) died at Haling, Surrey.
On 20 Oct 1587 Anne de Batarnay Duke of (age 27) was killed at the Battle of Coutras.
On 20 Oct 1589 John Poley (age 78) died at Badley, Suffolk. He was buried at Badley, Suffolk.
On 20 Oct 1602 Walter Leveson (age 52) died at the Fleet Prison [Map].
On 20 Oct 1612 John Culpepper (age 81) died.
On 20 Oct 1617 John Poyntz (age 39) died at Jamestown Virginia.
On 20 Oct 1626 William Cockayne (age 65) died.
On or before 20 Oct 1663 Thomas Delaval of Durham died. He was buried on 20 Oct 1663.
On 20 Oct 1672 Nicholas Mosley (age 60) died.
On 20 Oct 1676 Christoper Gibbons (age 61) died.
On 20 Oct 1681 Randolph Egerton of Betley (age 62) died. His wife Elizabeth Murray (age 31) remarried Charles Egerton of Newborough (age 27). His relationship to her first husband is unknown.
On 20 Oct 1684 Thomas Strickland 2nd Baronet (age 45) died. His son William Strickland 3rd Baronet (age 19) succeeded 3rd Baronet Strickland of Boynton in Yorkshire.
On 20 Oct 1685 Robert Bruce 2nd Earl Elgin 1st Earl Ailesbury (age 59) died. His son Thomas Bruce 3rd Earl Elgin 2nd Earl Ailesbury (age 29) succeeded 3rd Earl Elgin, 2nd Earl Ailesbury, 2nd Viscount Bruce of Ampthill in Bedfordshire, 3rd Baron Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 2nd Baron Bruce of Skelton in Yorkshire. Elizabeth Seymour Countess Elgin and Ailesbury (age 30) by marriage Countess Elgin, Countess Ailesbury.
On 20 Oct 1689 Paul Gore died.
On 20 Oct 1690 Henry Felton 2nd Baronet (age 71) died. His son Adam Felton 3rd Baronet (age 41) succeeded 3rd Baronet Felton of Playford in Suffolk.
On 20 Oct 1704 Mary Fairfax Duchess Buckingham (age 66) died.
On 20 Oct 1704 Elizabeth Cholmley Lady Dering (age 40) died. She was buried at St Nicholas' Church, Pluckley.
On 20 Oct 1715 Meinrad Charles Anthony Hohenzollern Sigmaringen (age 41) died.
On 20 Oct 1718 John Bromley (age 36) died at Horseheath Hall.
On 20 Oct 1729 Edward Montagu 3rd Earl Sandwich (age 59) died. He was buried at All Saints Church, Barnwell [Map]. His grandson John Montagu 4th Earl Sandwich (age 10) succeeded 4th Earl Sandwich.
On 20 Oct 1736 Anne Campbell Countess Bute (age 50) died.
On 20 Oct 1740 William Williams-Wynn 2nd Baronet (age 75) died. His son Watkin Williams-Wynn 3rd Baronet (age 48) succeeded 3rd Baronet Williams of Gray's Inn.
On 20 Oct 1742 Sarah Garrard (age 63) died.
On 20 Oct 1743 Michael Dahl (age 84) died.
On 20 Oct 1750 Edward Nightingale (age 54) died at Bath, Somerset [Map]. His son Edward Nightingale (age 24) de jure 8th Baronet Nightingale of Newport Pond in Essex.
On 20 Oct 1758 Rebecca Herbert Baroness Bergavenny died at Little Gaddesden, Hertfordshire.
On 20 Oct 1758 Charles Spencer 3rd Duke Marlborough (age 51) died. His son George Spencer 4th Duke Marlborough (age 19) succeeded 4th Duke Marlborough, 4th Marquess of Blandford, 4th Earl of Marlborough, 4th Baron Churchill of Sandridge in Hertfordshire, 6th Earl of Sunderland, 8th Baron Spencer Wormleighton.
On 20 Oct 1768 Robert Brudenell (age 42) died.
On 20 Oct 1775 John Molesworth 5th Baronet (age 46) died. His son William Molesworth 6th Baronet (age 17) succeeded 6th Baronet Molesworth of Pencarrow in Cornwall.
On 20 Oct 1783 Walden Hanmer 1st Baronet (age 66) died. His son Thomas Hanmer 2nd Baronet (age 36) succeeded 2nd Baronet Hamner of Hamner in Flintshire. Margaret Kenyon Lady Hanmer by marriage Lady Hamner of Hamner in Flintshire.
On 20 Oct 1786 Humphrey Sturt (age 62) died.
On 20 Oct 1786 Captain Charles Phipps (age 32) died at Mulgrave Castle [Map].
On 20 Oct 1786 Humphrey Sturt (age 61) died.
On 20 Oct 1787 Bishop James Beauclerk (age 78) died.
On 20 Oct 1789 Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle (age 86) died in Admiralty House Whitehall Palace.
On 20 Oct 1790 Mary Bayly died.
On 20 Oct 1800 John Rushout 1st Baron Northwick (age 62) died. His son John Rushout 2nd Baron Northwick (age 30) succeeded 2nd Baron Northwich of Northwick Park in Worcestershire, 6th Baronet Rushout of Northwick Park in Worcestershire.
On 20 Oct 1804 William Robert Fitzgerald 2nd Duke Leinster (age 55) died at Carton House, Carton, Kildare, County Kildare. His son Augustus Fitzgerald 3rd Duke Leinster (age 13) succeeded 3rd Duke Leinster.
On 20 Oct 1804 John Wynne (age 77) died. He was buried at Temple Church, London [Map]. His brother William Wynne (age 75) inherited Soughton Hall [Map].
On 13 or 20 Oct 1809 Thomas Charles Gascoigne (age 23) was killed whilst hunting. He was buried at All Saints' Church, Barwick-in-Elmet [Map]. 2,000 people and over 400 of his father's tenants attended his funeral.
On 20 Oct 1819 Edmund Prideaux (age 53) died.
On 20 Oct 1822 John Henry Smyth (age 42) died.
On 20 Oct 1832 William Rowley 2nd Baronet (age 71) died. His son Vice-Admiral Joshua Ricketts Rowley 3rd Baronet (age 42) succeeded 3rd Baronet Rowley of Tendring Hall in Suffolk.
On 20 Oct 1839 John Russell 6th Duke Bedford (age 73) died. His son Francis Russell 7th Duke Bedford (age 51) succeeded 7th Duke Bedford, 7th Marquess Tavistock, 11th Earl Bedford, 11th Baron Russell of Cheneys, 9th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh, 7th Baron Howland of Streatham. Anna Maria Stanhope Duchess Bedford (age 56) by marriage Marchioness Tavistock.
On 20 Oct 1848 Maria Elizabeth Finch (age 82) died.
On 20 Oct 1849 Frederick Strickland (age 29) died in a mountain climbing accident. He had climbed Mount Washington, New Hampshire [Map]. During his descent he fell into a stream and died from hypothermia. His body was recovered and buried at the Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge. His monument has the inscription: "Sacred to the memory of Frederick Strickland, an English traveller. who lost his life October 20, 1849, while walking upon the White Mountains. He was the second son of George Strickland (age 66), Bart., a member of the Parliament of England.”
On 20 Oct 1858 Frances Wilhelmina Welby (age 26) died eleven days after giving birth to her daughter Frances Susan Reeve.
On 20 Oct 1863 Lieutenant George Reade (age 51) died.
On 20 Oct 1865 John Vereker 3rd Viscount Gort (age 75) died.
On 19 Apr 1870 Julian Henry Charles Fane (age 42) died. On 20 Oct 1868 Adine Eliza Anne Cowper (age 28) died. Memorial in the Church of St Leonard, Apethorpe [Map].
Julian Henry Charles Fane: On 10 Oct 1827 he was born to John Fane 11th Earl of Westmoreland and Priscilla Anne Wellesley-Pole Countess of Westmoreland. In 1866 Julian Henry Charles Fane and Adine Eliza Anne Cowper were married. She the daughter of George Augustus Frederick Cowper 6th Earl Cowper and Ann Florence Robinson Countess Cowper. He the son of John Fane 11th Earl of Westmoreland and Priscilla Anne Wellesley-Pole Countess of Westmoreland.
Adine Eliza Anne Cowper: In 1840 she was born to George Augustus Frederick Cowper 6th Earl Cowper and Ann Florence Robinson Countess Cowper.
On 20 Oct 1880 Edith Augusta Strong died.
On 20 Oct 1882 Maria Liddell Marchioness Normanby (age 84) died.
On 20 Oct 1883 George Chichester 3rd Marquess Donegal (age 86) died. His brother Edward Chichester 4th Marquess Donegal (age 84) succeeded 4th Marquess Donegal. Amelia Ogrady Marchioness County Donegal by marriage Marchioness Donegal.
On 20 Oct 1887 Alexander James Beresford-Hope (age 67) died.
On 20 Oct 1889 George Stanley Byng 8th Viscount Torrington (age 48) died. His son George Master Byng 9th Viscount Torrington (age 3) succeeded 9th Viscount Torrington.
On 20 Oct 1898 Charles Watkin Shakerley 2nd Baronet (age 65) died. His son Walter Geoffrey Shakerley 3rd Baronet (age 38) succeeded 3rd Baronet Shakerley of Somerford-Park in Cheshire.
On 20 Oct 1910 Walter Orlando Corbet 4th Baronet (age 54) died. His son Roland James Corbet 5th Baronet (age 18) succeeded 5th Baronet Corbet of Moreton Corbet in Shropshire.
On 20 Oct 1912 John Page Wood 5th Baronet (age 52) died. His son John Page Wood 6th Baronet (age 14) succeeded 6th Baronet Wood of Hatherley House in Gloucestershire.
On 20 Oct 1914 John Spencer Cavendish (age 39) was killed in action.
On 20 Oct 1925 Andrew Fleming Hudleston le Fleming 8th Baronet (age 70) died at Dunedin, New Zealand without issue. His first cousin William Hudleston le Fleming 9th Baronet (age 64) succeeded 9th Baronet Fleming of Rydal in Cumbria.
On 20 Oct 1930 Reginald Walkeline Chandos-Pole (age 77) died.
On 20 Oct 1935 Frederick Edward Grey "Fritz" Ponsonby (age 68) died.
On 18 Oct 1938 or 20 Oct 1938 Francis Arthur Stanley ffolkes 5th Baronet (age 74) died. His son Edward John Patrick Boschetti ffolkes 6th Baronet (age 39) succeeded 6th Baronet ffolkes of Hillington Hall in Norfolk.
On 20 Oct 1943 Donatia Faith Mary Wentworth-Fitzwilliam (age 39) died.
On 20 Oct 1949 Major Ernest Wriothesley Denny (age 77) died.
On 20 Oct 1953 Captain Leopold Jenner (age 83) died.
On 20 Oct 1960 Jessie Smither aka Denise Orme Duchess Leinster (age 75) died.
On 20 Oct 1976 John Scott 4th Earl Eldon (age 77) died. His son John Scott 5th Earl of Eldon (age 39) succeeded 5th Earl Eldon, 5th Viscount Encoumbe of Encombe in Dorest, 5th Baron Eldon of Eldon in County Durham.
On 20 Oct 1994 Muriel Mary Swinstead aka Oriel Ross Countess Poulett (age 87) died.
On 20 Oct 2000 Kenelm Charles Pepys 8th Earl of Cottenham (age 51) died. His son Mark John Pepys 9th Earl of Cottenham (age 17) succeeded 9th Earl of Cottenham, 9th Viscount Crowhurst of Crowhurst in Surrey, 9th Baron Cottenham of Cottenham in Cambridgshire, 11th Baronet Pepys of Wimpole Street, 12th Baronet Pepys of Brook Street.
On 20 Oct 2009 Ian Vere Gyles Isham 13th Baronet (age 86) died. His brother Norman Murray Crawford Isham 14th Baronet (age 79) succeeded 14th Baronet Isham of Lamport in Northamptonshire.
