Biography of Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723
1662 Marriage of Charles II and Catherine of Braganza
1680 Siege of Tangier
1685 Death and Burial of Charles II
1685 Execution of the Duke of Monmouth
1690 Storming of Cork
1854 Charge of the Light Brigade
On 29 May 1630 [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 was born to King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland 1600-1649 (29) and Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England 1609-1669 (20) at St James's Palace. [his father] He was created as Duke Cornwall and Duke Rothesay the same day.
On 21 May 1662 [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (31) and Catherine of Braganza Queen Consort England 1638-1705 (23) were married at Portsmouth. He a son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland 1600-1649. She by marriage Queen Consort England.
On 14 Feb 1663 [his illegitimate half-brother] James Scott 1st Duke Monmouth 1st Duke Buccleuch 1649-1685 (13) was created 1st Duke Monmouth, 1st Earl Doncaster, 1st Baron Scott of Tynedale by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (32).
On 20 Apr 1663 [his illegitimate half-brother] James Scott 1st Duke Monmouth 1st Duke Buccleuch 1649-1685 (14) was created 1st Duke Buccleuch, 1st Earl Dalkeith, 1st Baron Scott of Whitchester and Eskdale. Anne Scott Duchess Monmouth and Buccleuch 1651-1732 (12) by marriage Duchess Buccleuch.
On 20 Apr 1663 [his illegitimate half-brother] James Scott 1st Duke Monmouth 1st Duke Buccleuch 1649-1685 (14) and Anne Scott Duchess Monmouth and Buccleuch 1651-1732 (12) were married. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Duchess Monmouth.
Before Jul 1669 James Howard 1640-1669 and [his illegitimate half-sister] Charlotte Jemima Henrietta Maria Fitzroy Countess Yarmouth 1650-1684 were married. She a daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. 
Before 1670 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland 1662-1730 was created 1st Baron Limerick.
Before 1672 Henry Belasyse 2nd Baron Belasyse 1667-1691 and [his future wife] Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 1671-1722 were married.
On 29 Jul 1672 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 was born illegitimately to [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (42) and Louise Kéroualle 1st Duchess Portsmouth 1649-1734 (22).
On 01 Aug 1672 [his illegitimate half-brother] Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton 1663-1690 (8) was created 1st Earl Euston, 1st Viscount Ipswich, 1st Baron Sudbury. Isabella Bennet Duchess Grafton 1655-1723 (17) by marriage Countess Euston.
On 01 Aug 1672 [his illegitimate half-brother] Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton 1663-1690 (8) and Isabella Bennet Duchess Grafton 1655-1723 (17) were married. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
Before 1673 William Paston 2nd Earl of Yarmouth 1654-1732 and [his illegitimate half-sister] Charlotte Jemima Henrietta Maria Fitzroy Countess Yarmouth 1650-1684 were married. She a daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. [his illegitimate half-sister] She by marriage Countess of Yarmouth.
Around 1673 [his illegitimate nephew] Charles Scott 1st Earl Doncaster 1672-1674 was created 1st Earl Doncaster.
On 19 Aug 1673 [his mother] Louise Kéroualle 1st Duchess Portsmouth 1649-1734 (23) was created 1st Duke Portsmouth, 1st Earl Fareham, 1st Baron Petersfield by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (43) for life for being his mistress and for having given birth to his son Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (1).
On 09 Feb 1674 [his illegitimate nephew] Charles Scott 1st Earl Doncaster 1672-1674 (1) died.
On 16 May 1674 Thomas Lennard Earl of Sussex 1654-1715 (20) and [his illegitimate half-sister] Anne Fitzroy Countess Sussex 1661-1722 (13) were married at Hampton Court Palace. They were first cousins once removed. She a daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
On 01 Oct 1674 [his illegitimate half-brother] George Fitzroy 1st Duke Northumberland 1665-1716 (8) was created 1st Earl of Northumberland 4C 1674, 1st Viscount Falmouth, 1st Baron Pontefract by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (44).
In 1675 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland 1662-1730 (12) was created 1st Duke Southampton, 1st Earl Chichester 2C 1644, 1st Baron Newbury by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (44).
In 1675 [his illegitimate half-brother] Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton 1663-1690 (11) was created 1st Duke Grafton 1C 1675 by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (44). Isabella Bennet Duchess Grafton 1655-1723 (19) by marriage Duchess Grafton.
On 28 Jul 1675 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles "Don Carlo" Fitzcharles 1st Earl Plymouth 1657-1680 (18) was created 1st Earl Plymouth 1C 1675, 1st Viscount Totnes, 1st Baron Dartmouth.
On 09 Aug 1675 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (3) was created 1st Duke Richmond 3C 1675, 1st Earl March 4C 1675, 1st Baron Settrington by [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (45).
On 21 Dec 1676 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Beauclerk 1st Duke St Albans 1670-1726 (6) was created 1st Earl Burford, 1st Baron Heddington by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (46).
On 06 Feb 1677 Edward Lee 1st Earl Lichfield 1663-1716 (14) and [his illegitimate half-sister] Charlotte Fitzroy Countess Lichfield 1664-1718 (12) were married. They were third cousins. She a daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. [his illegitimate half-sister] She by marriage Countess Lichfield.
On 19 Sep 1678 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles "Don Carlo" Fitzcharles 1st Earl Plymouth 1657-1680 (21) and Bridget Osborne Countess Plymouth -1718 were married in Wimbledon. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Countess Plymouth.
In 1679 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland 1662-1730 (16) and Mary Wood Duchess Southampton 1663- (16) were married. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Duchess Southampton.
On 17 Oct 1680 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles "Don Carlo" Fitzcharles 1st Earl Plymouth 1657-1680 (23) died of dysentery at Tangier during the Siege of Tangier.
In 1681 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (8) was appointed 485th Knight of the Garter by [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (50).
John Evelyn's Diary 24 January 1682. 24 Jan 1682. To the Royal Society, where at the Council we passed a new law for the more accurate consideration of candidates, as whether they would really be useful; also concerning the honorary members, that none should be admitted but by diploma.
This evening I was at the entertainment of the Morocco Ambassador at the [his mother] Duchess of Portsmouth's (32) glorious apartments at Whitehall, where was a great banquet of sweetmeats and music; but at which both the Ambassador and his retinue behaved themselves with extraordinary moderation and modesty, though placed about a long table, a lady between two Moors, and among these were the King's (51) natural children, namely, Lady Lichfield (17) and Sussex (20), the [his mother] Duchess of Portsmouth (32), Nelly (31), etc., concubines, and cattle of that sort, as splendid as jewels and excess of bravery could make them; the Moors neither admiring nor seeming to regard anything, furniture or the like, with any earnestness, and but decently tasting of the banquet. They drank a little milk and water, but not a drop of wine; they also drank of a sorbet and jacolatt [Note. This may be chocolate?]; did not look about, or stare on the ladies, or express the least surprise, but with a courtly negligence in pace, countenance, and whole behavior, answering only to such questions as were asked with a great deal of wit and gallantry, and so gravely took leave with this compliment, that God would bless the [his mother] Duchess of Portsmouth (32) and the Prince (9), her son meaning the little Duke of Richmond. The King (51) came in at the latter end, just as the Ambassador was going away. In this manner was this slave (for he was no more at home) entertained by most of the nobility in town, and went often to Hyde Park on horseback, where he and his retinue showed their extraordinary activity in horsemanship, and flinging and catching their lances at full speed; they rode very short, and could stand upright at full speed, managing their spears with incredible agility. He went sometimes to the theaters, where, upon any foolish or fantastical action, he could not forbear laughing, but he endeavored to hide it with extraordinary modesty and gravity. In a word, the Russian Ambassador, still at Court behaved himself like a clown compared to this civil heathen.
On 06 Apr 1683 [his illegitimate half-brother] George Fitzroy 1st Duke Northumberland 1665-1716 (17) was created 1st Duke Northumberland 2C 1683 by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (52).
In 1684 [his illegitimate half-sister] Charlotte Jemima Henrietta Maria Fitzroy Countess Yarmouth 1650-1684 (34) died.
On 05 Jan 1684 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Beauclerk 1st Duke St Albans 1670-1726 (13) was created 1st Duke St Albans 1C 1684 by King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (53).
John Evelyn's Diary 24 October 1684. 24 Oct 1684. I din'd at Sir Stephen Fox's (57) with the [his illegitimate half-brother] Duke of Northumberland (18). He seem'd to be a young gentleman of good capacity, well bred, civil, and modest: newly come from travell, and had made his campaigne at the siege of Luxemburg. Of all his Ma*s (54) children (of which he had now six Dukes) this seem'd the most accomplish'd and worth the owning. He is extraordinary handsome and well shap'd. What ye Dukes of Richmond (12) and St. Alban's (14) will prove, their youth does not yet discover; they are very pretty boys.
On 06 Feb 1685 [his father] King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (54) died at 1145 in the morning at Whitehall Palace attended by Charles Scarburgh Physician 1615-1694 (69). His brother King James II (51) succeeded II King England Scotland and Ireland. Mary of Modena Queen Consort England Scotland and Ireland 1658-1718 (26) by marriage Queen Consort England Scotland and Ireland. His brother King James II (51), William Chiffinch 1602-1691 (83), Richard Mason 1633-1685 (52) and William Sancroft Archbishop of Canterbury 1617-1693 (68) were present.
On 15 Jul 1685 [his illegitimate half-brother] James Scott 1st Duke Monmouth 1st Duke Buccleuch 1649-1685 (36) was beheaded at Tower Hill. Francis Turner Bishop 1637-1700 (47) acted a Chaplain.
In Mar 1686 [his illegitimate half-brother] George Fitzroy 1st Duke Northumberland 1665-1716 (20) and Catherine Wheatley -1714 were married. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. Soon after the marriage Northumberland and his brother, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (22), allegedly attempted to privately convey her abroad to an English convent in Ghent, Belgium.
On 09 Oct 1690 [his illegitimate half-brother] Henry Fitzroy 1st Duke Grafton 1663-1690 (27) was killed at Cork during the Storming of Cork. His son Charles Fitzroy 2nd Duke Grafton 1683-1757 (6) succeeded 2nd Duke Grafton 1C 1675, 2nd Earl Euston, 2nd Viscount Ipswich, 2nd Baron Sudbury.
On 08 Jan 1692 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (19) and [his wife] Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 1671-1722 (21) were married. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. [his wife] She by marriage Duchess Richmond.
In 1694 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland 1662-1730 (31) and Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland 1663-1746 (30) were married. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Duchess Southampton.
On 17 Apr 1694 [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Beauclerk 1st Duke St Albans 1670-1726 (23) and Diana Vere Duchess St Albans 1679-1742 (15) were married. He a son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Duchess St Albans.
On 24 Dec 1694 [his daughter] Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley 1694-1716 was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (22) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 1671-1722 (23). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
On 18 May 1701 [his son] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond 1701-1750 was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (28) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 1671-1722 (30). He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
On 24 Jun 1703 [his daughter] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle 1703-1789 was born to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (30) and Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 1671-1722 (32). She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
On 16 Jul 1703 Robert Brudenell 2nd Earl Cardigan 1607-1703 (96) died. His grandson [his brother-in-law] George Brudenell 3rd Earl Cardigan 1685-1732 (17) succeeded 3rd Earl Cardigan.
In 1706 [his illegitimate nephew] Henry Scott 1st Earl Deloraine 1676-1730 (30) was created 1st Earl Deloraine.
On 15 May 1707 [his brother-in-law] George Brudenell 3rd Earl Cardigan 1685-1732 (21) and Elizabeth Bruce 3rd Countess Cardigan 1689-1745 (18) were married at St Martin's in the Fields. She by marriage Countess Cardigan.
In 1709 [his illegitimate daughter] Renee Lennox 1709-1744 was born illegitimately to Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (36) and Jacqueline Mezieres. She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
On 09 Oct 1709 Barbara Villiers 1st Duchess of Cleveland 1640-1709 (68) died at Chiswick Mall Chiswick. Her son [his illegitimate half-brother] Charles Fitzroy 1st Duke Southampton 2nd Duke Cleveland 1662-1730 (47) succeeded 2nd Duke Cleveland 1C 1670, 2nd Earl of Southampton 3C 1670 and 2nd Baron Nonsuch. Anne Pulteney Duchess Southampton Duchess of Cleveland 1663-1746 (45) by marriage Duchess Cleveland.
Before 1710 [his illegitimate nephew] Henry Scott 1st Earl Deloraine 1676-1730 and Anne Duncombe Countess Deloraine -1720 were married. He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Countess Deloraine.
On 13 Feb 1711 [his son-in-law] James Berkeley 3rd Earl Berkeley 1679-1736 (31) and Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley 1694-1716 (16) were married. She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Countess Berkeley.
On 30 Apr 1713 [his illegitimate nephew] Charles Fitzroy 2nd Duke Grafton 1683-1757 (29) and Henrietta Somerset Duchess Grafton 1690-1726 (22) were married. He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Duchess Grafton.
On 15 Jan 1716 [his daughter] Louisa Lennox Countess Berkeley 1694-1716 (21) died in childbirth.
On 28 Jun 1716 [his illegitimate half-brother] George Fitzroy 1st Duke Northumberland 1665-1716 (50) died at Epsom without legitimate issue. Duke Northumberland 2C 1683, Earl of Northumberland 4C 1674 extinct.
On 14 Jul 1716 Edward Lee 1st Earl Lichfield 1663-1716 (53) died. His son [his illegitimate nephew] George Henry Lee 2nd Earl Lichfield 1690-1743 (26) succeeded 2nd Earl Lichfield 2C 1674. Frances Hales Countess Lichfield 1697-1769 (19) by marriage Countess Lichfield.
On 17 Feb 1718 [his illegitimate half-sister] Charlotte Fitzroy Countess Lichfield 1664-1718 (53) died. She a natural daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685 (87).
Before 21 May 1718 [his illegitimate nephew] George Henry Lee 2nd Earl Lichfield 1690-1743 and Frances Hales Countess Lichfield 1697-1769 were married. He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
On 04 Dec 1719 [his son] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond 1701-1750 (18) and Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond 1705-1751 (14) were married at The Hague. He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. He was, apparently, forced into the marriage to pay off his, or his father's debts since she brought a considerable dowry.
On 21 Feb 1722 [his son-in-law] William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle 1702-1754 (19) and Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle 1703-1789 (18) were married at Caversham Reading. She a granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685. She by marriage Countess Albermarle.
On 16 May 1722 [his illegitimate half-sister] Anne Fitzroy Countess Sussex 1661-1722 (61) died.
On 09 Dec 1722 [his wife] Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 1671-1722 (51) died.
On 13 Dec 1722 [his illegitimate nephew] Charles Beauclerk 2nd Duke St Albans 1696-1751 (26) and Lucy Werden Duchess St Albans 1699-1752 (23) were married. He a grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland 1630-1685.
On 07 Feb 1723 Isabella Bennet Duchess Grafton 1655-1723 (67) died. Her son [his illegitimate nephew] Charles Fitzroy 2nd Duke Grafton 1683-1757 (39) succeeded 3rd Earl Arlington, 3rd Viscount Thetford, 3rd Baron Arlington of Arlington in Middlesex 1C 1665 and 3rd Baron Arlington of Arlington in Middlesex 1C 1672.
On 27 May 1723 Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond 1672-1723 (50) died. His son [his son] Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond 1701-1750 (22) succeeded 2nd Duke Richmond 3C 1675, 2nd Earl March 4C 1675, 2nd Baron Settrington. Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond 1705-1751 (17) by marriage Duchess Richmond.
My Recollections by Adeline Horsey Countess Cardigan 1824 1915 Chapter IX: Deene and its History. I believe my husband replaced a great deal of the original furniture at Deene with more modern examples, but many valuable old pieces still remain. The pictures are very beautiful, including a priceless Vandyke representing [his grandmother] Queen Henrietta Maria, in the happy days of her early married life, as a regal, gracious figure arrayed in shimmering satin. There is a lovely portrait of Louise de Keroualle and her son, the Duke of Richmond, who married a Brudenell, and there are many examples of Lely, Sir Joshua Reynolds and other eighteenth- and nineteenth-century artists. One painting by Sant represents the Prince Consort and the Royal children listening to the account of the Charge of the Light Brigade by Lord Cardigan, and there are also some interesting pictures of hunting-field incidents, depicting Cardigan and his friends on their favourite mounts.
