The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of Edward Grimston 1508-1559

Around 1508 Edward Grimston was born.

Around 1529 [his son] Edward Grimston was born to Edward Grimston (age 21).

On 28th August 1552 Edward Grimston (age 44) was appointed Comptroller of Calais.

Surrender of Calais

On 7th January 1558 at 6am Thomas Wentworth (age 33), Governor of Calais, surrendered Calais [Map] after a week long siege to François de Lorraine-Guise, 2nd Duke of Guise (age 38); it had been in English hands since 1347. Calais was the last English owned territory in France. The loss was a huge blow for Queen Mary I (age 41) and it is said that upon hearing the news she stated "When I am dead and opened, you shall find 'Philip' and 'Calais' lying in my heart" although the source for this is unknown.

Edward Grimston (age 50) was captured and imprisoned at the Bastille [Map].

On 17th March 1559 Edward Grimston (age 51) died.

In October 1559 Edward Grimston escaped from the Bastille [Map] and returned to England to face the charges of high treason for a private agreement with the king of the French to surrender Calais.

Henry Machyn's Diary. 1st December 1559. The furst day of Desember was raynyd at the Yeld-hall [Map] master Grymston captayn.

Note. P. 218. Captain Grimston arraigned for the loss of Calais. This was sir Edward Grimston, who had been appointed comptroller of Calais, Aug. 28, 1552 (King Edward's Diary.) See the pedigree of Grimston in Clutterbuck's Hertfordshire, i. 95.