Biography of John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk 1442-1492

After 1421 Thomas Montagu 1st Count Perche 4th Earl Salisbury (age 32) and [his mother] Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 17) were married. She by marriage Countess Salisbury. He the son of John Montagu 3rd Earl Salisbury and Maud Francis Countess of Salisbury (age 57). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward I of England.

On 11 Nov 1430 [his father] William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 34) and [his mother] Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 26) were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. He the son of [his grandfather] Michael de la Pole 2nd Earl Suffolk and [his grandmother] Katherine Stafford Countess Suffolk. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward I of England.

On 27 Sep 1442 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk was born to William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 45) and Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 38).

On 30 May 1444 John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset (age 41) committed suicide. Suicide not certain but likely. Duke Somerset, Earl Kendal extinct. His brother Edmund Beaufort 1st or 2nd Duke of Somerset (age 38) succeeded 4th Earl Somerset. Eleanor Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 35) by marriage Countess Somerset.

His only child [his future wife] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond aged one was his heir. King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 22) granted her wardship to [his father] William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 47) who married her to his son John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 1).

Around Jan 1450 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 7) and Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 6) were married. The date subject to debate. Papal dispensation was granted on 18 August 1450. Margaret never recognised this marriage, and considered her next husband her first; as confirmed by her 1472 will. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset and Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 40). He the son of William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 53) and Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 46). They were half third cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

                    Before 01 May 1450 [his father] William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 53) exiled for five years for having lost the English possessions in Northern France including Anjou and Maine which were part of Margaret of Anjou's wedding settlement. Before he left he wrote to his eight year old son John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 7):
                
                    My dear and only well-beloved son, I beseech our Lord in Heaven, the Maker of all the World, to bless you, and to send you ever grace to love him, and to dread him, to the which, as far as a father may charge his child, I both charge you, and pray you to set all your spirits and wits to do, and to know his holy laws and commandments, by the which you shall, with his great mercy, pass all the great tempests and troubles of this wretched world.
                
                    And that also, knowingly, you do nothing for love nor dread of any earthly creature that should displease him. And there as any frailty maketh you to fall, beseech his mercy soon to call you to him again with repentance, satisfaction, and contrition of your heart, never more in will to offend him.
                
                    Secondly, next him above all earthly things, to be true liegeman in heart, in will, in thought, in deed, unto the king our aldermost high and dread sovereign lord, to whom both you and I be so much bound to; charging you as father can and may, rather to die than to be the contrary, or to know anything that were against the welfare or prosperity of his most royal person, but that as far as your body and life may stretch you live and die to defend it, and to let his highness have knowledge thereof in all the haste you can.
                
                    Thirdly, in the same way, I charge you, my dear son, always as you be bounden by the commandment of God to do, to love, to worship, your lady and mother; and also that you obey always her commandments, and to believe her counsels and advices in all your works, the which dread not but shall be best and truest to you. And if any other body would steer you to the contrary, to flee the counsel in any wise, for you shall find it naught and evil.
                
                    Thirdly, in the same way, I charge you, my dear son, always as you be bounden by the commandment of God to do, to love, to worship, your lady and mother; and also that you obey always her commandments, and to believe her counsels and advices in all your works, the which dread not but shall be best and truest to you. And if any other body would steer you to the contrary, to flee the counsel in any wise, for you shall find it naught and evil.
                
                    Moreover, never follow your own wit in nowise, but in all your works, of such folks as I write of above, ask your advice and counsel, and doing thus, with the mercy of God, you shall do right well, and live in right much worship, and great heart’s rest and ease.
                
                    And I will be to you as good lord and father as my heart can think.
                
                    And last of all, as heartily and as lovingly as ever father blessed his child in earth, I give you the blessing of Our Lord and of me, which of his infinite mercy increase you in all virtue and good living; and that your blood may by his grace from kindred to kindred multiply in this earth to his service, in such wise as after the departing from this wretched world here, you and they may glorify him eternally amongst his angels in heaven.
                
                    Written of mine hand,
                
                    The day of my departing from this land.
                
                    Your true and loving father

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On 01 May 1450 [his father] William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk (age 53) was beheaded at sea whilst travelling into exile his ship having been intercepted by the Nicholas of the Tower, or by Admiral Nicholas of the Tower. His son John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 7) succeeded 2nd Marquess Suffolk 1C, 5th Earl Suffolk, 5th Baron Pole. [his wife] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 6) by marriage Marchioness Suffolk 1C. Earl Pembroke forfeit.

In Feb 1453 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 10) and Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 9) marriage annulled.

On 01 Nov 1455 Edmund Tudor 1st Earl Richmond (age 25) and [his former wife] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 12) were married at Bletsoe Castle [Map]. She by marriage Countess Richmond. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset and [his former mother-in-law] Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 45). He the son of Owen Tudor (age 55) and Catherine of Valois Queen Consort England. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 03 Jan 1458 Henry Stafford (age 33) and [his former wife] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 14) were married probably at Maxstoke Castle [Map]. Her third marriage (second if you don't include the one annulled) aged fourteen and already the mother of the future King Henry VII. She had no further issue. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset and [his former mother-in-law] Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 48). He the son of Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham (age 55) and Anne Neville Duchess Buckingham (age 50). They were second cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Before Feb 1458 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 15) and Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 13) were married. She by marriage Marchioness Suffolk 1C. She the daughter of Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York (age 46) and Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 42). He the son of William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk and Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 54). They were half third cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

                    On 10 Jul 1460 the Yorkist army led by the future [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 18) and including Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 31), Archbishop George Neville (age 28), William Neville 1st Earl Kent (age 55), Edward Brooke 6th Baron Cobham (age 45) and John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton (age 22) defeated the Lancastrian army at the 1460 Battle of Northampton.
                
                    Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent (age 43) had started the day as part of the Lancastrian army but did nothing to prevent the Yorkist army attacking.
                
                    King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 38) was captured.
                
                    Humphrey Stafford 1st Duke of Buckingham (age 57) was killed. His grandson Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham (age 5) succeeded 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 7th Earl Stafford, 8th Baron Stafford.
                
                    John Talbot 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury (age 42) was killed. His son John Talbot 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (age 11) succeeded 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, 3rd Earl Waterford, 8th Baron Furnivall, 12th Baron Strange Blackmere, 9th Baron Talbot.
                
                    Thomas Percy 1st Baron Egremont (age 37) was killed. [Baron Egremont of Egremont Castle in Cumberland extinct. Some authoirities state, however, that he left a son, Sir John Percy, who never assumed the title.]
                
                    John Beaumont 1st Viscount Beaumont (age 50) was killed. His son William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 22) succeeded 2nd Viscount Beaumont, 7th Baron Beaumont.
                
                    William Lucy (age 56) was killed apparently by servants of a member of the Stafford family who wanted his wife Margaret Fitzlewis (age 21).
                
                    Thomas Tresham (age 40) fought.
                
                    William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont and William Norreys (age 19) were knighted.
                
                    Thomas "Bastard of Exeter" Holland was executed following the battle.
                
                    The battle was fought south of the River Nene [Map] in the grounds of Delapré Abbey.

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On 20 Jul 1460 Thomas Scales 7th Baron Scales (age 63) was murdered by boatmen whilst travelling from the Tower of London [Map] to Sanctuary, Westminster Abbey [Map]. His daughter Elizabeth Scales Countess Rivers succeeded 8th Baroness Scales. She was, or had been married to, Henry Bourchier (the year of his death may been 1458). She was in 1466 married to Anthony Woodville 2nd Earl Rivers (age 20), brother of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV's (age 18) wife Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 23); an example of the Woodville family marrying rich heiresses.

In or after 1461 [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 11) was created 1st Earl Richmond. The seventh creation was still extant being held by King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 3) which was not recognised by the Yorkists.

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On 02 Feb 1461 at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross at Mortimer's Cross, Herefordshire [Map] the future [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 18) commanded the Yorkist forces including William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 30), John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock (age 61), John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet (age 35), John Savage (age 17) and Roger Vaughan (age 51).

In the Lancastrian army Owen Tudor (age 61) (captured by Roger Vaughan) and his son Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford (age 29) fought as well as James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde (age 40) and Henry Roos. Gruffydd ap Nicholas Deheubarth (age 68) were killed. Watkin Vaughan (age 66) and Henry Wogan (age 59) were killed.

Monument to the Battle of Mortimer's Cross at Mortimer's Cross, Herefordshire [Map]. Note the mistake - Edward IV described as Edward Mortimer. The monument was erected by subscription in 1799.

Gruffydd ap Nicholas Deheubarth: In 1393 he was born to Nicolas ap Philip Deheubarth and Jonet Unknown at Sheffield.

Watkin Vaughan: Around 1395 he was born to Roger Vaughan of Bredwardine and Gwladys ferch Dafydd Gam "Star of Abergavenny" Brecon. Around 1435 Watkin Vaughan and Elinor Wogan were married. The date based on his age being around twenty. The difference in their ages was 29 years.

Henry Wogan: In 1402 he was born to John Wogan at Wiston.

                    On 29 Mar 1461 the Battle of Towton was a decisive victory for [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 18) bringing to an end the first war of the Wars of the Roses. Said to be the bloodiest battle on English soil 28000 were killed mainly during the rout that followed the battle.
                
                    The Yorkist army was commanded by King Edward IV of England with John Mowbray 3rd Duke of Norfolk (age 45), William Neville 1st Earl Kent (age 56), William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 30) (knighted), Walter Blount 1st Baron Mountjoy (age 45), Henry Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Earl Essex (age 57), John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton (age 23) and John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock (age 61).
                
                    The Lancastrian army suffered significant casualties including Richard Percy (age 35), Ralph Bigod Lord Morley (age 50), John Bigod (age 28), Robert Cromwell (age 71), Ralph Eure (age 49), John Neville 1st Baron Neville of Raby (age 51), John Beaumont (age 33), Thomas Dethick (age 61), Everard Simon Digby, William Plumpton (age 25) and William Welles (age 51) who were killed.
                
                    Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland (age 39) was killed. His son Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland (age 12) succeeded 4th Earl of Northumberland, 7th Baron Percy of Alnwick, 15th Baron Percy of Topcliffe. Maud Herbert Countess Northumberland (age 3) by marriage Countess of Northumberland.
                
                    Ralph Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 49) was killed. He was buried at the nearby Saxton church where his chest tomb is extant. Baron Dacre Gilsland extinct. 
                
                    Lionel Welles 6th Baron Welles (age 55) was killed. His son Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby (age 33) succeeded 7th Baron Welles.
                
                    The Lancastrian army was commanded by Henry Beaufort 2nd or 3rd Duke of Somerset (age 25), Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 30), Henry Percy 3rd Earl of Northumberland and Andrew Trollope.
                
                    Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter was attainted after the battle; Duke Exeter, Earl Huntingdon forfeit.
                
                    Those who fought for the Lancaster included William Tailboys 7th Baron Kyme (age 46), John Sutton 1st Baron Dudley (age 60), William Norreys (age 20), Thomas Grey 1st Baron Grey of Richemont (age 43), Robert Hungerford 3rd Baron Hungerford 1st Baron Moleyns (age 30), John Talbot 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (age 12), Richard Welles 7th Baron Welles, Baron Willoughby, Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 56), James Butler 1st Earl Wiltshire 5th Earl Ormonde (age 40), John Butler 6th Earl Ormonde (age 39), William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 22), Henry Roos and Thomas Tresham (age 41). Cardinal John Morton (age 41) were captured.

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                    Around Jun 1461, the time of his coronation, [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 19) created his two brothers as Dukes ...
                
                    [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 11) was created 1st Duke Clarence.
                
                    [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 8) was created 1st Duke Gloucester.

On 28 Jun 1461 [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 19) was crowned IV King of England by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 43) who was assisted by Archbishop William Booth (age 73) at Westminster Abbey [Map] during the Coronation of Edward IV. Duke York, Earl March, Earl Ulster, Earl Cambridge, Baron Mortimer of Wigmore merged with the Crown.

On 26 Jul 1461 William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 30) was created 1st Baron Hastings for supporting [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 19) in his claim to the throne.

Robert Ogle 1st Baron Ogle (age 55) was created 1st Baron Ogle by King Edward IV of England for having been the principal Northumbrian gentleman to support the Yorkist cause.

On 09 Sep 1461 Baldwin Fulford (age 46) was beheaded at Bristol, Gloucestershire [Map] on the orders of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 19) for having supported King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 39).

Around 1462 [his son] John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 19) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 17). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

In or before 1463 [his son] Geoffrey Pole was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 20) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 18). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

On 28 Feb 1463 John Lovell 8th Baron Lovel 5th Baron Holand (age 30) died. On 28 Feb 1463 His son Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell (age 7) succeeded 9th Baron Lovel of Titchmarsh, 6th Baron Holand at around eight years of age. He became a ward of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 20) who gave his wardship to Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 34) spending his childhood at Middleham Castle [Map] with the young (future) [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 10).

On 23 Mar 1463 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 20) was restored 2nd Duke Suffolk. [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 18) by marriage Duchess Suffolk.

On 01 May 1464 [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 22) and Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 27) were married at Grafton Regis, Northamptonshire [Map]. Jacquetta of Luxemburg Duchess Bedford (age 49), Elizabeth's mother, being the only witness. The date not certain. She the daughter of Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 59) and Jacquetta of Luxemburg Duchess Bedford. He the son of [his father-in-law] Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York and [his mother-in-law] Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 48). He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England.

Around 1465 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 22) was appointed Constable of Wallingford Castle.

On 06 Sep 1465 Archbishop George Neville (age 33) was enthroned as Archbishop of York at Cawood Castle, North Yorkshire [Map]. Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence (age 14), Anne Neville Queen Consort England (age 9) and [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 12) were present.

In 1466 [his son] Edward Pole was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 23) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 21). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

Before Mar 1466 Richard Woodville 1st Earl Rivers (age 61) was created 1st Earl Rivers by [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 23).

Patent Rolls Edward IV 1466. 24 Sep 1466. Licence for the king's sister [his sister-in-law] Anne, duchess of Exeter (age 27), to grant the manors of Rachfonl, Lye, Pakeleshnm and Folncsse, co. Essex, Ardyngton, co. Berks, Barford St. Martin, co. Wilts, and Thorpwatcrvyle, Aldwynkle, Achirch, Chelveston and Cnldeote, co. Northampton, with all other lands, rents, reversions and services of her tenants iu the towns and manors aforesaid, held in chief, to the king's kinsman Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury (age 48), Robert, Bishop of Bath and Wells (age 46), John, duke of Norfolk (age 41), John, duke of Suffolk (age 23), William, Earl of Arundel (age 48), Henry, Earl of Essex (age 62), Richard, earl Ryvers (age 61), Antony Widevill, lord of Scales and Newselles (age 26), John Say, knight, Thomas Colt, Thomas Decoue and Robert Isham, esquires, and their heirs and assigns. By K.

Grant to the said archbishop and others and their heirs and assigns of all the king's-estate and title in the manors of Wodham Ferreres and other lands in the same town, co. Essex, and the manors of Newebotell and Brynton and the advowson of the church there and other lands in the same town, co. Northampton, which the king holds in the title and possession of his consort Elizabeth, Queen of England, with advowsons, knights' fees, rents and services. By K.

On 13 May 1467 [his son] John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln (age 5) was created 1st Earl Lincoln by [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 25).

In 1468 Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl Desmond and Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl of Kildare (age 47) attended Parliament in Drogheda [Map] to answer charges of treason. Both were found guilty and attain. Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl Desmond sought sanctuary in Drogheda Priory [Map] where he was captured by John "Butcher of England" Tiptoft 1st Earl of Worcester (age 40). On 14 Feb 1468 Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl Desmond was summarily beheaded. He was buried initially in St Peter's Church Drogheda [Map] then Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin [Map]. Some accounts claim John "Butcher of England" Tiptoft 1st Earl of Worcester also murdered two of his young sons. Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl of Kildare escaped and was subsequently pardoned and attainder reversed when King Edward IV found Ireland was ungovernable without him. In 1470 Thomas Fitzgerald 7th Earl of Kildare was appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland under [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 18) which position he held until the Duke's death in 1478.

Around 1468 [his daughter] Elizabeth Pole Baroness Marshal and Morley was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 25) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 23) in Wingfield, Suffolk. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

                    On 17 Jan 1469  Warwick's supporters were executed in Salisbury Marketplace [Map] in the presence of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 26):
                
                    Thomas Hungerford was beheaded. His father Robert Hungerford 3rd Baron Hungerford 1st Baron Moleyns had been executed five years previously after the Battle of Hexham.
                
                    Henry Courtenay was beheaded.

On 11 Jul 1469 [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 19) and Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence (age 17) were married by Archbishop George Neville (age 37) at the Église Notre-Dame de Calais [Map] witnessed by Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 40). She by marriage Duchess Clarence. She the daughter of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury and Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick (age 42). He the son of [his father-in-law] Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York and [his mother-in-law] Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 54). They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 29 Sep 1469 brothers Humphrey Neville of Brancepeth (age 30) and Charles Neville of Brancepeth were beheaded at York [Map] in the presence of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 27) and Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 40) bringing to an end the Neville-Neville feud that arose as a consequence of the senior line being dis-inherited.

On 19 Mar 1470 Robert Welles 8th Baron Willoughby 8th Baron Welles was beheaded at Doncaster [Map]. He was buried at Whitefriars Doncaster [Map]. Baron Welles forfeit. His sister Joan Welles 9th Baroness Willoughby of Eresby succeeded 9th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby. Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby (age 37) by marriage Baron Willoughby de Eresby. He, Hastings, a favourite of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 27), younger brother of Edward's great friend William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 39).

On 27 Mar 1470 George Neville 1st Duke Bedford (age 9) was created 1st Duke Bedford by [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 27) in preparation for his marriage to Elizabeth York Queen Consort England (age 4) which didn't, in the end, take place. He, George, was nephew to Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury (age 41) whose defection to the Lancastrian side may have caused the King to change his mind about his daughter's marriage.

In 1471 [his son] Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 28) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 26). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

                    On 14 Apr 1471 [his brother-in-law] Edward IV (age 28) commanded at the Battle of Barnet supported by his brothers [his brother-in-law] George (age 21) and [his brother-in-law] Richard (age 18), John Babington (age 48), Wiliam Hastings (age 40) (commanded), Ralph Hastings, William Norreys (age 30), William Parr (age 37), John Savage (age 49), William Bourchier Viscount Bourchier (age 41), Thomas St Leger (age 31), John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet (age 45), Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough (age 40), John Scott (age 48) and Thomas Strickland.
                
                    The Yorkists William Blount (age 29), Humphrey Bourchier (age 40), Humphrey Bourchier (age 36), Henry Stafford (age 46) and Thomas Parr were killed.
                
                    The Lancastrians ...
                
                    Warwick the Kingmaker (age 42) was killed. Earl Salisbury forfeit on the assumption he was attainted either before or after his death; the date of his attainder is unknown. If not attainted the Earldom may be in abeyance. Baron Montagu and Baron Montagu abeyant between his two daughters Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence (age 19) and Anne Neville Queen Consort England (age 14).
                
                    John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 40) was killed. Marquess Montagu, Baron Montagu forfeit; unclear as to when he was attainted. He was buried at Bisham Abbey [Map].
                
                    William Tyrrell was killed.
                
                    William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele (age 43) was killed. His son Henry Fiennes 3rd Baron Saye and Sele (age 25) succeeded 3rd Baron Saye and Sele. Anne Harcourt Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
                
                    Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 40) commanded the left flank, was badly wounded and left for dead, Henry Stafford and John Paston (age 27) were wounded, John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 28) commanded, and John Paston (age 29) and William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 33) fought. 
                
                    Robert Harleston (age 36) was killed.
                
                    Thomas Hen Salusbury (age 62) was killed.
                
                    Thomas Tresham (age 51) escaped but was subsequently captured and executed on the 6th of May 1471.

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                    On 04 May 1471 [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 29) was victorious at the Battle of Tewkesbury. His brother [his brother-in-law] Richard (age 18), Richard Beauchamp 2nd Baron Beauchamp Powick (age 36), John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 46), George Neville 4th and 2nd Baron Bergavenny (age 31), John Savage (age 49), John Savage (age 27), Thomas St Leger (age 31), John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet (age 45), Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough (age 40) fought. William Brandon (age 46), George Browne (age 31), Ralph Hastings, Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby (age 38), James Tyrrell (age 16), Roger Kynaston of Myddle and Hordley (age 38) were knighted. William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 40) commanded.
                
                    Margaret of Anjou (age 41) was captured. Her son Edward of Westminster Prince of Wales (age 17) was killed. He was the last of the Lancastrian line excluding the illegitmate Charles Somerset 1st Earl of Worcester (age 11) whose line continues to the present.
                
                    John Courtenay 15th Earl Devon (age 36) was killed and attainted. Earl Devon, Baron Courtenay forfeit. Some sources refer to these titles as being abeyant?
                
                    John Wenlock 1st Baron Wenlock (age 71) was killed. Baron Wenlock extinct.
                
                    John Delves (age 49), John Beaufort (age 30), William Vaux of Harrowden (age 35) and Robert Whittingham (age 42) were killed.
                
                    Edmund Beaufort 3rd Duke of Somerset (age 32), Humphrey Tuchet (age 37) and Hugh Courtenay (age 44) were captured.
                
                    Henry Roos fought and escaped to Tewkesbury Abbey [Map] where he sought sanctuary. He was subsequently pardoned.

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In 1472 [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 22) was created 1st Earl Salisbury.

                    In 1472 [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 29) appointed new Garter Knights given the large number of vacant positions as a result of the recent Warwick rebellion:
                
                    203rd John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk (age 27).
                
                    204th John Stafford 1st Earl Wiltshire (age 44).
                
                    205th Walter Devereux Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 40).
                
                    206th Walter Blount 1st Baron Mountjoy (age 56).
                
                    207th John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 47).
                
                    208th John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 29).

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In 1472 [his daughter] Dorothy Pole was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 29) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 27). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Around 12 Jun 1472 Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby (age 37) and [his former wife] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 29) were married. She by marriage Queen Mann, Baroness Stanley. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset and [his former mother-in-law] Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 62). They were third cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 12 Jul 1472 [his brother-in-law] Richard Duke of Gloucester (age 19) and Anne Neville (age 16) were married at St Stephen's Chapel, Westminster Palace [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Gloucester. She the daughter of Richard "Kingmaker" Neville Earl Warwick, 6th Earl Salisbury and Anne Beauchamp 16th Countess Warwick (age 45). He the son of [his father-in-law] Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York and [his mother-in-law] Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 57). They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 08 Apr 1473 (some sources state 1482) Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 49) was created 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland by [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 30). By letters patent he created Dacre Baron Dacre of Gilsland, declaring "that the said Humfrey Dacre, Knight, and the heirs male of the body of the said Thomas, late Lord Dacre, comyng, bee reputed, had, named and called the Lord Dacre of Gillesland". Mabel Parr Baroness Dacre of Gilsland by marriage Baroness Dacre Gilsland.

In 1474 Thomas St Leger (age 34) and [his sister-in-law] Anne York Duchess Exeter (age 34) were married. She the daughter of [his father-in-law] Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York and [his mother-in-law] Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 58). She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 01 Aug 1474 [his son] Humphrey Pole was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 31) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 30). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

On 20 May 1475 [his mother] Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (age 71) died. She was buried at St Mary's Church, Ewelme [Map].

                    After 20 May 1475. St Mary's Church, Ewelme [Map]. Monument to [his mother] Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk (deceased). Wrist Garter. The effigy was, apparently, viewed to determine how a lady should wear the garter at the re-commencement of Lady of the Garter appointments in 1901 after a gap of several hundred years. A particularly fine Cadaver Underneath the chest on which Alice's effigy lies. Full-length in a shroud. Chest with Angels with Rounded Wings holding Shields.
                
                    Detail of the South Side of the Monument to Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk.
                
                    1 Roet Arms impaled Chaucer Modern Arms. Alice's paternal grandparents.
                
                    2 De La Pole Arms impaled Stafford Arms. Her third husbands parents [his grandfather] Michael de la Pole 2nd Earl Suffolk and [his grandmother] Katherine Stafford Countess Suffolk.
                
                    3 Montacute and Monthermer Arms impaled Francis? Possibly Alice's second husband's parents John Montagu 3rd Earl Salisbury and Maud Francis Countess of Salisbury.
                
                    4 De La Pole Arms quartered Chaucer Modern Arms.
                
                    5 Roet Arms quartered Chaucer Modern Arms.
                
                    6 Chaucer Modern Arms.
                
                    7 De La Pole Arms.
                
                    8 De La Pole Arms impaled England Henry IV Arms signifying Alice's son John's marriage to [his wife] Elizabeth of York sister of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England.
                
                    Detail of the North Side of the monument to Alice Chaucer Duchess Suffolk. Arms from left to right ...
                
                    1 De La Pole Arms quartered Chaucer Modern Arms impaled Unknown.
                
                    2 De La Pole Arms impaled Chaucer Modern Arms. Her third husband [his father] William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk.
                
                    3 De La Pole Arms quarted Chaucer Modern Arms. Alice's son John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk by her second husband William "Jackanapes" de la Pole 1st Duke of Suffolk.
                
                    4 Chaucer Modern Arms.
                
                    5 Montacute and Monthermer Arms quartering impaled Chaucer. Alice's second husband Thomas Montagu 1st Count Perche 4th Earl Salisbury.
                
                    6 Roet Arms. Alice's paternal grandmother Philippa Roet.
                
                    7 England Henry IV Arms impaling Roet Arms probably signifying John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster and Katherine Roet Duchess Lancaster, Katherine being the sister of Alice's paternal grandmother Philippa Roet who married Geoffrey Chaucer.
                
                    8 Roet Arms impaling Chaucer Modern Arms. Her paternal grandparents Geoffrey Chaucer and Philippa Roet.
                
Katherine Stafford Countess Suffolk: 
          Around 1376 she was born to Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward I of England.
         
          Before 1394 Michael de la Pole 2nd Earl Suffolk and she were married. She by marriage Countess Suffolk. She the daughter of Hugh Stafford 2nd Earl Stafford and Philippa Beauchamp Countess Stafford. He the son of Michael de la Pole 1st Earl Suffolk and Katherine Wingfield Countess Suffolk. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward I of England. 
         
          On 08 Apr 1419 Katherine Stafford Countess Suffolk died.
         
Philippa Roet: 
          Around 1346 she was born to Giles "Payne" Roet.
         
          Before 1367 Geoffrey Chaucer and she were married at St Mary de Castro Leicester, Leicestershire.
         
          Excerpta Historica Page 152. Philippa, his eldest daughter, is stated to have been the maid of honour to Philippa Queen of Edward the Third who by the name of "Philippa Pycard" obtained a grant of one hundred shillings per annum on the 20th January 1370, and married Geoffrey Chaucer, to whom, in consequence, it is supposed, of this connexion, the Duke of Lancaster granted the Castle of Dodington. Of John of Gaunt's connexion with Chaucer, however, no proof has been found; and the circumstance of the lady assigned to him for his wife being styled "Philippa Pycard," instead of Roelt, renders the assertion, that she was the sister of the Duchess of Lancaster, extremely doubtful.
         
          Around 1387 Philippa Roet died.

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In Sep 1475 Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 45) drowned on his return from France having probably been thrown over-board on the orders of [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 33).

In 1476 [his daughter] Anne Pole was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 33) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 31). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 12 Jun 1476 Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York (age 2) was created 1st Earl Nottingham by [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 34).

/_PHOTOS/20180817-Tewkesbury_Abbey/Tewkesbury Abbey 20180817-132440.jpg

On 22 Dec 1476 Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence (age 25) died from childbirth. The cause of death unknown but likely a consequence of the birth of her fourth child Richard in early October. She was buried in Tewkesbury Abbey [Map]. [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 27) believed she had been murdered by Ankarette Hawkeston aka Twynyho. See Trial and Execution of Ankarette Twynyho.

Ankarette Hawkeston aka Twynyho: Around 1435 William Twynyho and she were married.

                    On 12 Apr 1477 Ankarette Hawkeston aka Twynyho was arrested at Keyford, Somerset and taken to Bath, Somerset [Map]. [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 27) believed she had murdered his wife Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence who had died four months before.
                
                    On 13 Apr 1477 Ankarette Hawkeston aka Twynyho taken to Cirencester, Gloucestershire [Map].
                
                    On 15 Apr 1477 Ankarette Hawkeston aka Twynyho and John Thursby were hanged at Myton Gallows, Warwick [Map].

In 1477 [his daughter] Catherine Pole was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 34) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 32). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

On 07 Feb 1477 Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York (age 3) was created 1st Duke Norfolk, 1st Earl Norfolk by his father [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 34) in preparation for his marriage to Anne Mowbray 8th Countess Norfolk (age 4). She, Anne, being daughter of the last Duke of Norfolk of the 1st Creation John Mowbray 4th Duke of Norfolk.

Before 13 Jun 1477 two servants of [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 27) were hanged at Tyburn [Map] for being sorcerers and planning the murder of Richard Beauchamp 2nd Baron Beauchamp Powick (age 42).

John Stacy and Thomas Burdett of Arrow in Warwickshire (age 52) were hanged.

In 1478 George York 1st Duke Bedford was created 1st Duke Bedford by [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 35).

In 1478 [his son] William Pole was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 35) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 33). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

                    On 18 Feb 1478 [his brother-in-law] George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 28) was drowned in a butt of wine (Malmsey) wine in the Bowyer Tower in the Tower of London [Map]. Duke Clarence, Earl Salisbury extinct. "in a butt of Malmsey wine" may refer to 1 a butt full of Malmsey wine or 2 a butt that once contained Malmsey wine that was subsequently re-used for another purpose such as washing or bathing.
                
                    William Hussey (age 35) conducted the impeachment of the Duke of Clarence for treason.
                
                    [his brother-in-law] Richard, Duke of Gloucester (age 25) succeeded 2nd Earl Richmond.
                
                    The only other person known to have been executed, or ritually killed, by drowning in a butt of wine is Muirchertach mac Muiredaig High King of Ireland (as reported by the Annals of Ulster) in his case at Newgrange Passage Tomb [Map].

                    In 1479 William Herbert 2nd Earl Pembroke 1st Earl Huntingdon (age 27) was compelled to relinquish the Earldom of Pembroke by [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV (age 36) who gave it to his son.
                
                    Edward Prince of Wales (age 8) was created 1st Earl Pembroke.
                
                    In compensation William was created 1st Earl Huntingdon. Mary Woodville Countess Pembroke and Huntingdon (age 23) by marriage Countess Huntingdon.

Before 1480 [his son] John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln (age 17) and [his daughter-in-law] Margaret Fitzalan Countess Lincoln were married. She by marriage Countess Lincoln. She the daughter of Thomas Fitzalan 17th Earl of Arundel (age 29) and Margaret Woodville Countess Arundel (age 25). He the son of John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 37) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 35). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

In 1480 [his son] Richard Pole "White Rose" 5th Earl of Suffolk was born to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 37) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 35). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England.

On 09 Apr 1483 [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England (age 40) died at Westminster [Map]. His son King Edward V of England (age 12) succeeded V King of England. Those present included Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 46), William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 52) and Thomas Grey 1st Marquess Dorset (age 28).

On 04 May 1483 George Neville 1st Duke Bedford (age 22) died. He being the son of John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu, the nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker who should, perhaps, have inherited the Earldoms of Warwick and Salisbury from his mother that had been appropriated by George Neville 1st Duke Bedford and [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 30). The timing somewhat suspicious. The future Richard III would now enjoy the whole of the Warwick inheritance.

                    On 13 Jun 1483 [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 30) arranged a Council meeting at the Tower of London [Map] attended by William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings (age 52), Cardinal John Morton (age 63), Archbishop Thomas Rotherham (age 59) and Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham (age 28). During the course of the evening Richard accused William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings, Cardinal John Morton and Archbishop Thomas Rotherham of treasonable conspiracy with the Queen (age 46).
                
                    William Hastings 1st Baron Hastings was beheaded at Tower Green, Tower of London [Map]. He was buried in North Aisle St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle [Map] next to [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England. His son Edward Hastings 2nd Baron Hastings Baron Botreaux, Hungerford and Moleyns (age 16) succeeded 2nd Baron Hastings.
                
                    Cardinal John Morton and Archbishop Thomas Rotherham were arrested.

                    On 05 Jul 1483 John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 58) was created 1st Duke Norfolk by [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 30). Margaret Chedworth Duchess Norfolk (age 47) by marriage Duchess Norfolk.
                
                    His son Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (age 40) was created 1st Earl Surrey. Elizabeth Tilney Countess of Surrey (age 39) by marriage Countess Surrey.
                
                    William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley (age 57) was created 1st Earl Nottingham.
                
                    John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk and William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley were heirs to the vast Mowbray estates that had been inherited by Anne Mowbray 8th Countess Norfolk who had been married to Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York (age 9).
                
                    Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke York 1473-'s father [his brother-in-law] King Edward IV of England had legislated that in the event of Anne's death his son Richard would continue to benefit from the inheritance; she died in 1481.
                
                    Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell (age 27) was created 1st Viscount Lovell. Anne Fitzhugh Viscountess Lovell by marriage Viscountess Lovell. [Note. Some sources place his created on 01 Jan 1483 although the source for that is unknown. ]

                    On 06 Jul 1483 [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 30) was crowned III King of England by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 65) at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Anne Neville Queen Consort England (age 27) by marriage Queen Consort England. Duke Gloucester merged with the Crown.
                
                    John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 58) was appointed Lord High Steward. William Brandon (age 58), Thomas Fitzalan 17th Earl of Arundel (age 33), Thomas St Leger (age 43), Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby (age 50), Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 46), [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 39), Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney (age 32) and Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 59) attended.
                
                    Robert Dymoke (age 22) attended as the Kings' Champion.
                
                    Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent (age 66) carried The Pointed Sword of Justice. Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (age 40) carried the Crown. Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell (age 27) carried the Third Sword of State. John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 40) carried the Sceptre. [his son] John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln (age 21) carried the Cross and Ball. Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham (age 28) carried the king's train. Edward Stafford 2nd Earl Wiltshire (age 13) bore the Queen's Crown.
                
                    Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby (age 48) carried the Lord High Constable's Mace. [his former wife] Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 40) held Queen Anne's train. Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland (age 34) carried The Blunt Sword of Mercy. Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby (age 30) was appointed Knight of the Bath.
                
                    Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland attended.
                
                    [his mother-in-law] Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 68) refused to attend the Coronation of Richard III. History doesn't record her reason.

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On 08 Sep 1483 Edward York Prince of Wales (age 9) was created Prince of Wales and 1st Earl Chester at York Minster [Map]. His parents [his brother-in-law] Richard III (age 30) and Anne Neville (age 27) attended as did Edward Stafford 2nd Earl Wiltshire (age 13).

Edward "Last Plantagenet" York 17th Earl Warwick (age 8) and John York (age 12) were knighted.

Note. Hall's Chronicle places the date at 05 Jul 1483.

On 09 Apr 1484 Edward York Prince of Wales (age 10) died at Middleham Castle [Map] leaving his father [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 31) without an heir. Duke of Cornwall, Earl Salisbury, Earl Chester extinct.

                    On 22 Aug 1485 [his brother-in-law] King Richard III of England (age 32) was killed during the Battle of Bosworth. His second cousin once removed Henry Tudor  (age 28) succeeded VII King of England. Earl Richmond forfeit.
                
                    Humphrey Cotes (age 35) died. It isn't clear on which side he was fighting.
                
                    Those supporting Henry Tudor included:
                
                    John Blount 3rd Baron Mountjoy (age 35).
                
                    John Cheney 1st Baron Cheyne (age 43).
                
                    Richard Guildford (age 35).
                
                    Walter Hungerford (age 21).
                
                    Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby (age 50).
                
                    John Wingfield.
                
                    Edward Woodville Lord Scales (age 29).
                
                    Edward Courtenay 1st Earl Devon (age 26).
                
                    Rhys ap Thomas Deheubarth (age 36).
                
                    Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford (age 53).
                
                    William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 47).
                
                    Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney (age 34).
                
                    William Stanley (age 50).
                
                    Roger Kynaston of Myddle and Hordley (age 52).
                
                    Henry Marney 1st Baron Marney (age 38).
                
                    William Brandon (age 29) was killed.
                
                    James Harrington (age 55) was killed.
                
                    John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 60) was killed and attainted. He was buried firstly at Thetford Priory, Norfolk [Map] and therafter at Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham [Map]. Duke Norfolk, Baron Mowbray, Baron Segrave forfeit.
                
                    John Sacheverell (age 85) was killed.
                
                    Philibert Chandee 1st Earl Bath
                
                    William Norreys (age 44), Gilbert Talbot (age 33), John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 42) and John Savage (age 41) commanded,.
                
                    Robert Poyntz (age 35) was knighted.
                
                    Those who fought for Richard III included:
                
                    John Bourchier 6th Baron Ferrers of Groby (age 47).
                
                    John Conyers (age 74).
                
                    Thomas Dacre 2nd Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 17).
                
                    William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley (age 59).
                
                    Richard Fitzhugh 6th Baron Fitzhugh (age 28).
                
                    John Scrope 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton (age 48).
                
                    Thomas Scrope 6th Baron Scrope of Masham (age 26).
                
                    Henry Grey 4th or 7th Baron Grey of Codnor (age 50).
                
                    Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent (age 68).
                
                    Ralph Neville 3rd Earl of Westmoreland (age 29).
                
                    [his son] John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln (age 23).
                
                    Humphrey Stafford (age 59).
                
                    George Talbot 4th Earl of Shrewsbury (age 17).
                
                    Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (age 42) was wounded, captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London [Map] for three years. He was attainted; Earl Surrey forfeit.
                
                    Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell (age 29) fought and escaped.
                
                    John Zouche 7th Baron Zouche Harringworth (age 26) was captured.
                
                    John Babington (age 62), William Alington (age 65), Robert Mortimer (age 43), Robert Brackenbury, Richard Ratclyffe (age 55) and Richard Bagot (age 73) were killed
                
                    Walter Devereux Baron Ferrers of Chartley (age 53) was killed.
                
                    William Catesby (age 35) was executed at Leicester, Leicestershire [Map] after the battle.
                
                    George Stanley 9th Baron Strange Knockin 5th Baron Mohun Dunster (age 25) held as a hostage by Richard III before the Battle of Bosworth.
                
                    Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland (age 36) betrayed King Richard III of England by not committing his forces at the Battle of Bosworth.
                
                    John Iwardby (age 35) was killed.

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On 29 Oct 1485 King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 28) processed from Tower of London [Map] to Westminster Abbey [Map]. Ahead of him marched the heralds and serjeants-at-arms, the Esquire of the Body, the King's Secretary Richard Fox (age 37), almoner Christopher Urswick (age 37), the mayor of London and the Garter King of Arms. Also ahead of him were Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby (age 50), [his son] John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln (age 23), John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 43) and William Berkeley 1st Marquess Berkeley (age 59). Following behind were the only two Dukes: Jasper Tudor 1st Duke Bedford (age 53), created the day before, and John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 43).

Before 1489 [his son-in-law] Henry Lovell 9th Baron Marshal 8th Baron Morley (age 12) and [his daughter] Elizabeth Pole Baroness Marshal and Morley (age 20) were married. She the daughter of John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 46) and [his wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 44). They were second cousin once removed. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.

Before 27 Oct 1492 John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 50) died. He was buried at Wingfield, Suffolk. Before 27 Oct 1492 His son [his son] Edmund Pole 3rd Duke of Suffolk (age 21) succeeded 3rd Duke Suffolk, 3rd Marquess Suffolk 1C, 6th Earl Suffolk, 6th Baron Pole.

After 1503. Monument to John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk and [his former wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 58) in St Andrew's Church, Wingfield [Map]. Finely made Fluted Period alabaster monument. Both wearing their ducal coronets. He wearing a Leg Garter. His head resting on a great helm with Saracen's Head Crest, feet resting on a Lion. Chunky Lions Mane.

/_PHOTOS/20180916-Wingfield_Suffolk/Wingfield Suffolk 20180916-131133.jpg

After Jan 1503 [his former wife] Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (deceased) died at Wingfield, Suffolk.

Royal Ancestors of John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk 1442-1492

Ancestors of John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk 1442-1492