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Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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Baron Saye and Sele is in Baronies of England Alphabetically, Baronies of England Chronologically, Abeyant Baronies of England, Succeeded Baronesses of England, Extant Baronies of England.
Summary
1447. James Fiennes 1st Baron Saye and Sele (age 52) created.
4th July 1450. Son William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele (age 22) succeeded. See 1450 Jack Cade's Rebellion.
14th April 1471. Son Henry Fiennes 3rd Baron Saye and Sele (age 25) succeeded. See 14th April 1471 Battle of Barnet.
1st August 1476. Son Richard Fiennes 4th Baron Saye and Sele (age 5) succeeded.
30th September 1501. Son Edward Fiennes 5th Baron Saye and Sele (age 1) succeeded.
7th March 1527. Son Richard Fiennes 6th Baron Saye and Sele (age 6) succeeded.
3rd August 1573. Son Richard Fiennes 7th Baron Saye and Sele (age 18) succeeded.
February 1613. Son William Fiennes 1st Viscount Saye and Sele (age 30) succeeded.
14th April 1662. Son James Fiennes 2nd Viscount Saye and Sele (age 60) succeeded.
15th March 1674. William Fiennes 3rd Viscount Saye and Sele (age 33) abeyant.
1715. First Cousin Once Removed Cecil Twisleton 10th Baroness Saye and Sele abeyance terminated.
1723. Son Colonel Fiennes Twisleton 5th or 11th Baron Saye and Sele (age 53) de jure.
4th September 1730. Son John Twisleton 6th or 12th Baron Saye and Sele (age 32) succeeded.
1763. John Twisleton 6th or 12th Baron Saye and Sele abeyant.
29th June 1781. Son Major-General Thomas Twisleton 7th or 13th Baron Saye and Sele (age 46) abeyance terminated.
1st July 1788. Son Gregory Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes 8th or 14th Baron Saye and Sele (age 19) succeeded.
13th November 1844. Son William Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes 9th or 15th Baron Saye and Sele (age 46) succeeded.
31st March 1847. First Cousin Frederick Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 10th or 16th Baron Saye and Sele (age 47) succeeded.
26th May 1887. Son John Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 11th or 17th Baron Saye and Sele (age 57) succeeded.
8th October 1930. Son Geoffrey Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 12th or 18th Baron Saye and Sele (age 72) succeeded.
2nd February 1937. Son Geoffrey Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 13th or 19th Baron Saye and Sele (age 52) succeeded.
18th February 1949. Brother Ivo Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 14th or 20th Baron Saye and Sele (age 63) succeeded.
21st October 1968. Son Nathaniel Fiennes 15th or 21st Baron Saye and Sele (age 48) succeeded.
20th January 2024. Son Martin Fiennes 16th or 22nd Baron Saye and Sele (age 62) succeeded.
In 1447 James Fiennes 1st Baron Saye and Sele (age 52) was created 1st Baron Saye and Sele.
On 4th July 1450 James Fiennes 1st Baron Saye and Sele (age 55) was beheaded at the Standard in Cheapside [Map]. His son William (age 22) succeeded 2nd Baron Saye and Sele and inherited his estates including Hever Castle, Kent [Map] and Herstmonceux Castle, East Sussex [Map].
His son in law William Cromer (age 34) was also beheaded.
On 14th April 1471 Edward IV (age 28) commanded at the Battle of Barnet supported by his brothers George (age 21) and Richard (age 18), John Babington (age 48), Wiliam Hastings (age 40) (commanded), Ralph Hastings, William Norreys (age 30), William Parr (age 37), John Savage (age 49), William Bourchier Viscount Bourchier (age 41), Thomas St Leger (age 31), John Tuchet 6th Baron Audley, 3rd Baron Tuchet (age 45), Thomas Burgh 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough (age 40), John Scott (age 48) and Thomas Strickland.
The Yorkists William Blount (age 29), Humphrey Bourchier (age 36), Henry Stafford (age 46) and Thomas Parr were killed.
Humphrey Bourchier 1st Baron Cromwell (age 40), was killed. Baron Cromwell extinct.
The Lancastrians...
Warwick the Kingmaker (age 42) was killed. Earl Salisbury, Baron Montagu, Baron Montagu and Baron Monthermer forfeit on the assumption he was attainted either before or after his death; the date of his attainder is unknown. If not attainted the titles may have been abeyant between his two daughters Isabel Neville Duchess Clarence (age 19) and Anne Neville Queen Consort England (age 14).
John Neville 1st Marquess Montagu (age 40) was killed. Marquess Montagu, Baron Montagu forfeit; unclear as to when he was attainted. He was buried at Bisham Abbey [Map].
William Tyrrell was killed.
William Fiennes 2nd Baron Saye and Sele (age 43) was killed. His son Henry (age 25) succeeded 3rd Baron Saye and Sele. Anne Harcourt Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
Henry Holland 3rd Duke Exeter (age 40) commanded the left flank, was badly wounded and left for dead, Henry Stafford and John Paston (age 27) were wounded, John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 28) commanded, and John Paston (age 29) and William Beaumont 2nd Viscount Beaumont (age 33) fought.
Robert Harleston (age 36) was killed.
Thomas Hen Salusbury (age 62) was killed.
Thomas Tresham (age 51) escaped but was subsequently captured and executed on the 6th of May 1471.
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On 1st August 1476 Henry Fiennes 3rd Baron Saye and Sele (age 30) died at Broughton Castle, Oxfordshire. His son Richard (age 5) succeeded 4th Baron Saye and Sele.
In or before 1500 Richard Fiennes 4th Baron Saye and Sele (age 28) and Elizabeth Croft Baroness Saye and Sele were married. She by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
Around 30th September 1501 Richard Fiennes 4th Baron Saye and Sele (age 30) died. His son Edward (age 1) succeeded 5th Baron Saye and Sele.
Around 1518 Edward Fiennes 5th Baron Saye and Sele (age 18) and Margaret Danvers Baroness Saye and Sele (age 14) were married. She by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
On 7th March 1527 Edward Fiennes 5th Baron Saye and Sele (age 27) died at Broughton Castle, Oxfordshire. His son Richard (age 6) succeeded 6th Baron Saye and Sele.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 3rd August 1573 Richard Fiennes 6th Baron Saye and Sele (age 53) died at Broughton Castle, Oxfordshire. His son Richard (age 18) succeeded 7th Baron Saye and Sele.
Around 1581 Richard Fiennes 7th Baron Saye and Sele (age 26) and Constance Kingsmill Baroness Saye and Sele (age 30) were married. She by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
In or after 1589 Richard Fiennes 7th Baron Saye and Sele (age 34) and Elizabeth Coddingham Baroness Saye and Sele were married. She by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
In February 1613 Richard Fiennes 7th Baron Saye and Sele (age 58) died at Broughton Castle, Oxfordshire. His son William (age 30) succeeded 8th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 14th April 1662 William Fiennes 1st Viscount Saye and Sele (age 79) died at Broughton Castle, Oxfordshire. His son James (age 60) succeeded 2nd Viscount Saye and Sele, 9th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 15th March 1674 James Fiennes 2nd Viscount Saye and Sele (age 72) died. His nephew William (age 33) succeeded 3rd Viscount Saye and Sele. Baron Saye and Sele abeyant between his two daughters Frances Fiennes and Elisabeth Fiennes.
In 1715 Cicely Ellis died. Her first cousin Cecil abeyance terminated 10th Baroness Saye and Sele since there was only one heir remaining.
In 1723 Cecil Twisleton 10th Baroness Saye and Sele died. Her son Fiennes (age 53) de jure 11th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 4th September 1730 Colonel Fiennes Twisleton 5th or 11th Baron Saye and Sele (age 60) died. His son John (age 32) succeeded 6th or 12th Baron Saye and Sele.
In 1763 John Twisleton 6th or 12th Baron Saye and Sele (age 64) died. Baron Saye and Sele abeyant..
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Before 29th June 1781 Major-General Thomas Twisleton 7th or 13th Baron Saye and Sele (age 46) abeyance terminated 13th Baron Saye and Sele. Elizabeth Turner Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
On 1st July 1788 Major-General Thomas Twisleton 7th or 13th Baron Saye and Sele (age 53) died. His son Gregory (age 19) succeeded 8th or 14th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 13th November 1844 Gregory Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes 8th or 14th Baron Saye and Sele (age 75) died. His son William (age 46) succeeded 9th or 15th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 31st March 1847 William Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes 9th or 15th Baron Saye and Sele (age 48) died. His first cousin Frederick (age 47) succeeded 10th or 16th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 18th August 1857 Frederick Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 10th or 16th Baron Saye and Sele (age 58) and Caroline Eliza Leigh Baroness Saye and Sele (age 32) were married. She by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele. The difference in their ages was 25 years. They were first cousin once removed.
On 26th May 1887 Frederick Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 10th or 16th Baron Saye and Sele (age 87) died. His son John (age 57) succeeded 11th or 17th Baron Saye and Sele. Augusta Sophia Hay-Drummond Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
On 8th October 1930 John Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 11th or 17th Baron Saye and Sele died. His son Geoffrey (age 72) succeeded 12th or 18th Baron Saye and Sele. Marion Ruperta Murray Lawes Baroness Saye and Sele by marriage Baroness Saye and Sele.
On 2nd February 1937 Geoffrey Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 12th or 18th Baron Saye and Sele (age 78) died. His son Geoffrey (age 52) succeeded 13th or 19th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 18th February 1949 Geoffrey Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 13th or 19th Baron Saye and Sele (age 64) died unmarried. His brother Ivo (age 63) succeeded 14th or 20th Baron Saye and Sele.
On 21st October 1968 Ivo Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes 14th or 20th Baron Saye and Sele (age 82) died. His son Nathaniel (age 48) succeeded 15th or 21st Baron Saye and Sele.
On 20th January 2024 Nathaniel Fiennes 15th or 21st Baron Saye and Sele died. His son Martin (age 62) succeeded 16th or 22nd Baron Saye and Sele.