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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Earl Richmond is in Earldoms of England Alphabetically.
There have been eight creations of Earl Richmond:
1st. 1136. Alan "Black" Penthièvre 1st Earl Richmond 1099-1146. Extinct. 1221.
2nd. 1218. Peter of Dreux aka Mauclerc Duke Brittany 1187-1250. Extinct. 26th December 1458.
3rd. April 1240. Peter of Savoy 1st Earl of Richmond 1203-1268. Merged with the Crown. 15th May 1268.
4th. 30th April 1341. Robert III Artois 1287-1342. Extinct. 6th October 1342.
5th. 1351. John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster 1340-1399. Renounced. September 1372.
6th. 24th November 1413. John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford 1389-1435. Extinct. 14th September 1435. Death of John of Bedford.
7th. 15th December 1449. Edmund Tudor 1st Earl Richmond 1430-1456. Merged with the Crown. 30th October 1485. Coronation of Henry VII.
8th. 1461. George York 1st Duke of Clarence 1449-1478. Forfeit. 6th July 1483. Coronation of King Richard III.
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Succeeded Countesses of England, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
1136. Alan "Black" Penthièvre 1st Earl Richmond created.
15th September 1146. Son Conan "The Young" Penthièvre IV Duke Brittany succeeded.
20th February 1171. Daughter Constance Penthièvre Duchess Brittany succeeded.
5th September 1201. Son Arthur Plantagenet 3rd Duke Brittany succeeded.
1203. Half Sister Alix Thouars Duchess of Brittany succeeded.
1221. Alix Thouars Duchess of Brittany extinct.
In 1136 Alan "Black" Penthièvre 1st Earl Richmond (age 36) was created 1st Earl Richmond.
Before 1138 Alan "Black" Penthièvre 1st Earl Richmond (age 38) and Bertha Canhiart I Duchess Brittany (age 13) were married. She by marriage Countess Richmond. The difference in their ages was 25 years. She the daughter of Conan "Fat" Canhiart III Duke Brittany (age 41) and Matilda Fitzroy Duchess Brittany. He the son of Stephen Penthièvre Count Tréguier and Hawise Guingamp. They were half second cousin once removed. She a granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.
On 15th September 1146 Alan "Black" Penthièvre 1st Earl Richmond (age 46) died at Brittany [Map]. His son Conan (age 8) succeeded 2nd Earl Richmond.
On 20th February 1171 Conan "The Young" Penthièvre IV Duke Brittany (age 33) died. His daughter Constance (age 10) succeeded Duchess Brittany, 3rd Countess Richmond.
On 5th September 1201 Constance Penthièvre Duchess Brittany (age 40) died. Her son Arthur (age 14) succeeded 3rd Duke Brittany, 4th Earl Richmond.
In 1203 Arthur Plantagenet 3rd Duke Brittany (age 16) was murdered at Rouen, France [Map]. His half sister Alix (age 1) succeeded 5th Countess Richmond. His half-sister Eleanor "Fair Maid of Britanny" 4th Countess of Richmond (age 19), who was imprisoned from 1202 to her death, also used the title Countess of Richmond.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
In or before 1217 Peter of Dreux aka Mauclerc Duke Brittany (age 29) and Alix Thouars Duchess of Brittany (age 15) were married. He by marriage Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux, Earl Richmond. She the daughter of Guy Thouars and Constance Penthièvre Duchess Brittany. He the son of Robert Capet II Count Dreux (age 62) and Yolande Coucy Countess Dreux (age 52). They were fourth cousins. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.
In 1221 Alix Thouars Duchess of Brittany (age 19) died. Earl Richmond extinct. It isn't clear why her son didn't inherit the title? Her husband had been created Earl Richmond in his own right in 1218 so possible her son didn't inherit the first, contested, creation since he would succeed to the second creation.
On 2nd October 1386 John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 47) and Joanna of Navarre Queen Consort England (age 16) were married at Saillé [Map]. She by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux, Countess Richmond. His third marriage, her first. The marriage proceeded when her father Charles "Bad" II King Navarre (age 53) agreed to give his daughter 120,000 gold francs and to pay 6,000 francs owed to John, duke of Brittany, for the rent of certain lands. He, John, gave her the cities of Nantes [Map] and Guerrand [Map]. The difference in their ages was 31 years. She the daughter of Charles "Bad" II King Navarre and Joan Valois Queen Consort Navarre. They were second cousin twice removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Earldoms of England, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
1218. Peter of Dreux aka Mauclerc Duke Brittany created.
1235. Peter of Dreux aka Mauclerc Duke Brittany forfeit.
1268. Son John "The Red" Capet I Duke Brittany restored.
8th October 1286. Son John Capet II Duke Brittany succeeded.
1296. John Capet II Duke Brittany forfeit.
15th October 1306. Son John Capet 4th Earl Richmond restored.
17th January 1334. Nephew John Capet III Duke Brittany succeeded.
30th April 1341. John Capet III Duke Brittany forfeit.
1372. Nephew John Montfort V Duke Brittany restored.
1st November 1399. Son Arthur Montfort III Duke Brittany succeeded.
26th December 1458. Arthur Montfort III Duke Brittany extinct.
In 1218 Peter of Dreux aka Mauclerc Duke Brittany (age 31) was created 1st Earl Richmond.
In 1235 Peter of Dreux aka Mauclerc Duke Brittany (age 48). Earl Richmond since he was then aligned to the Kingdom of France.
In 1268 John "The Red" Capet I Duke Brittany (age 50) was restored 2nd Earl Richmond.
All About History Books
The Deeds of King Henry V, or in Latin Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
Available at Amazon as eBook or Paperback.
On 8th October 1286 John "The Red" Capet I Duke Brittany (age 68) died. His son John (age 47) succeeded 2nd Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux, 3rd Earl Richmond.
Around 1296 John Capet II Duke Brittany (age 57) was deprived of the Earldom of Richmond since he had begun to support France.
On 15th October 1306 John Capet 4th Earl Richmond (age 40) was restored 4th Earl Richmond.
On 17th January 1334 John Capet 4th Earl Richmond (age 68) died. His nephew John (age 47) succeeded 5th Earl Richmond.
On 30th April 1341 John Capet III Duke Brittany (age 55) died. Earl Richmond suspended. The succession of the Duchy of Brittany was disputed between Joan "Lame" Capet Countess Penthièvre (age 22) and John Montfort IV Duke Brittany (age 46) leading to the War of the Breton Succession. His niece Joan succeeded Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux. Charles "Saint" Chatillon Duke Brittany (age 22) by marriage Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux. His half brother John succeeded IV Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux. Joanna Dampierre Duchess Brittany (age 46) by marriage Duchess Brittany 1221 Dreux.
In 1372 John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 33) was restored 6th Earl Richmond. Joan Holland Duchess Brittany (age 22) by marriage Countess Richmond.
On 1st November 1399 John Montfort V Duke Brittany (age 60) died. His son John (age 9) succeeded V Duke Brittany 1221 Dreux. His son Arthur (age 6) succeeded 7th Earl Richmond.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 26th December 1458 Arthur Montfort III Duke Brittany (age 65) died. Earl Richmond extinct.
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Merged with the Crown Earldoms of England.
Summary
April 1240. Peter of Savoy 1st Earl of Richmond created.
15th May 1268. Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England merged with the crown.
In April 1240 Peter of Savoy 1st Earl of Richmond (age 37) was created 1st Earl Richmond although he never used the title. He had been granted the honour of Richmond rather than the Earldom.
On 15th May 1268 Peter of Savoy 1st Earl of Richmond (age 65) died. He left the Honour of Richmond to his niece Eleanor of Provence Queen Consort England (age 45) who transferred it to the crown.
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
After 30th April 1341 Robert III Artois (age 54) was created 1st Earl Richmond.
Between 6th October 1342 and 20th November 1342 Robert III Artois (age 55) died. Earl Richmond extinct.
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Renounced Earldoms of England.
Summary
1351. John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster created. See 1351 Creation of Peers.
September 1372. John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster renounced.
In 1351 Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke Lancaster (age 41) was created 1st Duke Lancaster by King Edward III of England (age 38). Isabel Beaumont Duchess Lancaster (age 31) by marriage Duchess Lancaster.
Lionel of Antwerp 1st Duke of Clarence (age 12) was created 1st Earl of Ulster.
John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 10) was created 1st Earl Richmond.
Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 49) was created 1st Earl Stafford.
On 19th May 1359, or thereabouts, a double-royal wedding celebration took place at Reading Abbey, Berkshire [Map] whereby two children of King Edward III of England (age 46) were married:
John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 19) and Blanche Duchess of Lancaster (age 17) were married. She by marriage Countess Richmond. She the daughter of Henry of Grosmont 1st Duke Lancaster (age 49) and Isabel Beaumont Duchess Lancaster (age 39). He the son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England (age 44). They were half second cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Henry III of England.
John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke (age 11) and Margaret Plantagenet Countess of Pembroke (age 12) were married. At the time John Hastings 2nd Earl Pembroke was a ward of King Edward III of England who would enjoy the benefit of the substantial revenue of the Earldom of Pembroke until John came of age nine years later in 1368. She died two or so years later probably of plague. She the daughter of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault Queen Consort England. He the son of Laurence Hastings 1st Earl Pembroke and Agnes Mortimer Countess of Pembroke (age 42). They were half fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England.
In September 1372 John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 32) surrendered the Earldom of Richmond to his father King Edward III (age 59).
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extinct Earldoms of England.
Summary
24th November 1413. John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford created.
14th September 1435. John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford extinct. See Death of John of Bedford.
On 24th November 1413 John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford (age 24) was created 1st Earl Richmond.
On 14th September 1435 John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford (age 46) died at Rouen Castle [Map] without legitimate issue. Duke Bedford, Duke Bedford, Earl Kendal and Earl Richmond extinct. Humphrey Lancaster 1st Duke Gloucester (age 44) became heir to the throne.
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Merged with the Crown Earldoms of England.
Summary
15th December 1449. Edmund Tudor 1st Earl Richmond created.
3rd November 1456. Son King Henry VII of England and Ireland succeeded.
30th October 1485. Cardinal Thomas Bourchier merged with the crown. See Coronation of Henry VII.
All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
On 15th December 1449 Edmund Tudor (age 19) was created 1st Earl Richmond by King Henry VI of England and II of France (age 28).
On 1st November 1455 Edmund Tudor 1st Earl Richmond (age 25) and Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 12) were married at Bletsoe Castle [Map]. She by marriage Countess Richmond. She the daughter of John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset and Margaret Beauchamp Duchess Somerset (age 45). He the son of Owen Tudor (age 55) and Catherine of Valois Queen Consort England. They were half fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Edward I of England. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 3rd November 1456 Edmund Tudor 1st Earl Richmond (age 26) died of plague at Carmarthen Castle [Map] leaving his thirteen year old wife Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 13) pregnant with their child Henry Tudor, the future King Henry VII. His son Henry Tudor succeeded 2nd Earl Richmond posthumously.
On 30th October 1485 King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 28) was crowned VII King of England by Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 67) at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Earl Richmond merged with the crown. Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 42), his mother, attended.
Robert Dymoke (age 24) attended as the Kings' Champion.
John de Vere 13th Earl of Oxford (age 43) carried the King's train.
Earl Richmond is also in Earldoms of England Chronologically, Forfeit Earldoms of England.
Summary
1461. George York 1st Duke of Clarence created.
18th February 1478. Brother King Richard III of England succeeded. See 18th February 1478 Execution of George Duke of Clarence.
6th July 1483. Anne Neville Queen Consort England forfeit. See Coronation of King Richard III.
In or after 1461 George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 11) was created 1st Earl Richmond. The seventh creation was still extant being held by King Henry VII of England and Ireland (age 3) which was not recognised by the House of York.
On 18th February 1478 George York 1st Duke of Clarence (age 28) was drowned in a butt of wine (Malmsey) wine in the Bowyer Tower in the Tower of London [Map]. "in a butt of Malmsey wine" may refer to 1. a butt full of Malmsey wine or 2. a butt that once contained Malmsey wine that was subsequently re-used for another purpose such as washing or bathing.
William Hussey (age 35) conducted the impeachment of the Duke of Clarence for treason.
Richard, Duke of Gloucester (age 25) succeeded 2nd Earl Richmond.
The only other person known to have been executed, or ritually killed, by drowning in a butt of wine is Muirchertach mac Muiredaig High King of Ireland (as reported by the Annals of Ulster) in his case at Newgrange Passage Tomb [Map].
On 6th July 1483 King Richard III of England (age 30) and his wife Anne Neville (age 27) at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Duke Gloucester, Earl Richmond forfeit merged with the Crown. Cardinal Thomas Bourchier (age 65) officiated. Anne Neville Queen Consort England by marriage Queen Consort England.
John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (age 58) was appointed Lord High Steward. William Brandon (age 58), Thomas Fitzalan 10th or 17th Earl of Arundel (age 33), Thomas St Leger (age 43), Richard Hastings Baron Willoughby (age 50), Elizabeth Woodville Queen Consort England (age 46), Elizabeth York Duchess Suffolk (age 39), Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney (age 32) and Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 59) attended.
Robert Dymoke (age 22) attended as the Kings' Champion.
Edmund Grey 1st Earl Kent (age 66) carried The Pointed Sword of Justice. Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (age 40) carried the Crown. Francis Lovell 1st Viscount Lovell (age 27) carried the Third Sword of State. John de la Pole 2nd Duke of Suffolk (age 40) carried the Sceptre. John de la Pole 1st Earl Lincoln (age 21) carried the Cross and Ball. Henry Stafford 2nd Duke of Buckingham (age 28) carried the king's train. Edward Stafford 2nd Earl Wiltshire (age 13) bore the Queen's Crown.
Thomas Stanley 1st Earl of Derby (age 48) carried the Lord High Constable's Mace. Margaret Beaufort Countess Richmond (age 40) held Queen Anne's train. Henry Percy 4th Earl of Northumberland (age 34) carried The Blunt Sword of Mercy. Christopher Willoughby 10th Baron Willoughby (age 30) was appointed Knight of the Bath.
Humphrey Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland attended.
Cecily "Rose of Raby" Neville Duchess York (age 68) refused to attend the Coronation of King Richard III. History doesn't record her reason.
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