Biography of King Philip IV of France 1268-1314

Paternal Family Tree: Capet

1308 Marriage of King Edward II and Isabella of France

1308 King Edward II and Isabella of France arrive in England

On 28th May 1262 [his father] King Philip III of France (age 17) and [his mother] Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France (age 14) were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] James I King Aragon (age 54) and [his grandmother] Violant Árpád Queen Consort Aragon. He the son of [his grandfather] King Louis IX of France (age 48) and [his grandmother] Margaret Provence Queen Consort France (age 41). They were second cousin once removed. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

In June 1268 King Philip IV of France was born to King Philip III of France (age 23) and Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France (age 20). He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 28th January 1271 [his mother] Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France (age 23) died.

On 21st August 1274 [his father] King Philip III of France (age 29) and [his step-mother] Maria of Brabant Queen Consort France (age 18) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of Henry Reginar III Duke Brabant and Adelaide Burgundy Duchess Brabant. He the son of [his grandfather] King Louis IX of France and [his grandmother] Margaret Provence Queen Consort France (age 53). They were fourth cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Stephen I England.

On 16th August 1284 King Philip IV of France (age 16) and Joan Blois I Queen Navarre (age 11) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of Henry I King Navarre and Blanche Capet Queen Navarre (age 36). He the son of King Philip III of France (age 39) and Isabella Barcelona Queen Consort France. They were second cousins. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 5th October 1285 [his father] King Philip III of France (age 40) died of dysentery; see Annals of Dunstable. His son Philip (age 17) succeeded IV King France: Capet. [his wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre (age 12) by marriage Queen Consort of France.

On 4th October 1289 [his son] Louis X King France I Navarre was born to King Philip IV of France (age 21) and [his wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre (age 16). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.10%.

On 30th December 1292 [his brother-in-law] Henry Plantagenet 3rd Earl of Leicester 3rd Earl Lancaster (age 11) and Maud Chaworth (age 10) were married. He the son of Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster (age 47) and [his mother-in-law] Blanche Capet Queen Navarre (age 44).

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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

Around 1293 [his son] Philip V King France I King Navarre was born to King Philip IV of France (age 24) and [his wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre (age 19). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.10%.

In 1294 [his brother-in-law] Thomas Plantagenet 2nd Earl of Leicester, 2nd Earl Lancaster, Earl of Salisbury and Lincoln (age 16) and Alice Lacy Countess Leicester, and Lancaster 5th Countess of Salisbury 5th Countess Lincoln (age 12) were married. She the daughter of Henry Lacy 4th Earl Lincoln, Earl Salisbury (age 43) and Margaret Longespée 4th Countess of Salisbury and Lincoln. He the son of Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster (age 48) and [his mother-in-law] Blanche Capet Queen Navarre (age 46). They were half second cousin twice removed. He a grandson of King Henry III of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

On 19th June 1294 [his son] Charles IV King France I King Navarre was born to King Philip IV of France (age 26) and [his wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre (age 21). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.10%.

In 1295 [his daughter] Isabella of France Queen Consort England was born to King Philip IV of France (age 26) and [his wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre (age 21). Coefficient of inbreeding 2.10%.

On 5th June 1296 Edmund "Crouchback" Plantagenet 1st Earl of Leicester 1st Earl Lancaster (age 51) died at Bayonne [Map]. He was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map]. His son [his brother-in-law] Thomas (age 18) succeeded 2nd Earl of Leicester, 2nd Earl Lancaster. Alice Lacy Countess Leicester, and Lancaster 5th Countess of Salisbury 5th Countess Lincoln (age 14) by marriage Countess of Leicester, Countess Lancaster.

On 2nd April 1305 [his wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre (age 32) died.

On 21st September 1305 [his son] Louis X King France I Navarre (age 15) and [his daughter-in-law] Margaret of Burgundy Queen Consort France (age 15) were married. She the daughter of Robert II Duke Burgundy (age 57) and [his aunt] Agnes Capet Duchess Burgundy (age 45). He the son of King Philip IV of France (age 37) and [his former wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre. They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

In 1307 [his son] Charles IV King France I King Navarre (age 12) and [his daughter-in-law] Blanche of Burgundy Queen Consort France (age 10) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of Otto Ivrea IV Count Burgundy and Mahaut Artois Countess Burgundy (age 39). He the son of King Philip IV of France (age 38) and [his former wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre. They were second cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Marriage of King Edward II and Isabella of France

On 28th January 1308 [his son-in-law] King Edward II of England (age 23) and [his daughter] Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 13) were married at Boulogne sur Mer [Map]. She the daughter of King Philip IV of France (age 39) and [his former wife] Joan Blois I Queen Navarre. He the son of King Edward I of England and Eleanor of Castile Queen Consort England. They were second cousin once removed. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England.

Thomas Walsingham [-1422]. In the year of grace 1308, which is the second year from the Conquest of the reign of King Edward, not yet crowned, the second, the king kept Christmas at Wye, a manor of the Abbot of Battle, with a very large household. A few days after Christmas had passed, he crossed over into France to take as his wife Isabella, daughter of the King of France, who was a little over twelve years old. He entrusted the custody of the kingdom to the aforesaid Piers [Gaveston]; for which cause excessive murmuring arose among the magnates of the realm. The marriage in France at Boulogne-sur-Mer [28th January 1308], at which four kings were present, namely, the King of France (age 39), the son of the [his son] King of France (age 18), the King of Germany, and the King of Sicily, was solemnly celebrated. Then he returned to the kingdom of England with his wife. The magnates went out to meet their king and his new queen, and all strove to see who could show them greater honour. Among them came Piers himself, whom the king at once admitted into a most special embrace and regarded with the greatest familiarity. The magnates grew envious, but they put off their vengeance for another time.

Note 1. The four kings being King Philip IV of France, his son Louis, King of Navarre, Albert (age 52), King of Germany and Philip IV's brother [his brother] Charles (age 37), King of Sicily.

Anno gratiæ millesimo trecentesimo octavo, qui est annus regni Regis Edwardi, nondum coronati, a Conquæstu Secundi, secundus, tenuit idem rex Natale apud Wy, manerium Abbatis de Bello, cum familia multa nimis. Paucis post Natale diebus transactis, transfretavit in Franciam, ut Regis Francorum filiam in uxorem duceret, nomine Isabellam, qua paulo plus annis duodecim habuit in ætate. Commisit autem regni custodiam Petro præfato; ob quam causam murmur immodicus inter proceres regni succrevit. Nuptiis in Francia apud Boloniam supra Mare, quibus quatuor Reges interfuerunt, videlicet Rex Franciæ, filius Regis Franciæ, Rex Alemanniæ, et Rex Siciliæ, celebratis solemniter, ad regnum Angliæ revertitur cum uxore. Igitur proceres occurrunt regi suo conjugique novæ; et a cunctis elaboratur, quis propensiorem honorem impendere possit illis. Occurrit inter cæteros ipse Petrus, quem mox Rex in amplexus specialius admittebat, et familiarins respiciebat. Invidebant ergo proceres, sed vindictam in tempus aliud differebant.

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King Edward II and Isabella of France arrive in England

                    Fine Rolls. On 7th February 1308 [his son-in-law] King Edward II of England (age 23) and [his daughter] Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 13) returned from their wedding in Boulogne sur Mer [Map] to Dover, Kent [Map].
                
                    7th February 1308. Be it remembered that on Wednesday after the Purification, Edward II, the king, returning from beyond seas, to wit, from Boulogne sur Mer [Map], where he took to wife Isabel, daughter of the king of France (age 39), touched at Dover, Kent [Map] in his barge about the ninth hour [1500], Hugh le Despenser (age 46) and the lord of Castellione of Gascony being in his company, and the Queen a little afterward touched there with certain ladies accompanying her, and because the great seal which had been taken with him beyond seas then remained in the keeping of the keeper of the wardrobe who could not arrive on that day, no writ was sealed from the hour of the king's coming until Friday following on which day the bishop of Chichester, chancellor, about the ninth hour [1500] delivered to the king in his chamber in Dover castle [Map] the seal used in England during the king's absence, and the king, receiving the same, delivered it to William de Melton (age 33), controller of the wardrobe, and forthwith delivered with his own hand to the chancellor the great seal under the seal of J. de Benstede, keeper of the wardrobe, and Master John Painter Fraunceis, in the presence of [his former brother-in-law] Thomas, Earl of Lancaster (age 30), Peter, Earl of Cornwall (age 24), and Hugh le Despenser, William Martyn and William Inge, knights, and Adam de Osgodby, clerk; and the chancellor on that day after lunch in his room (hospicio) in God's House, Dover, sealed writs with the great seal.

On 29th November 1314 King Philip IV of France (age 46) died. His son [his son] Louis (age 25) succeeded X King France: Capet. [his daughter-in-law] Margaret of Burgundy Queen Consort France (age 24) by marriage Queen Consort of France although she was in prison for adultery at the time and died four months later.

On 19th May 1322 [his son] Charles IV King France I King Navarre (age 27) and [his daughter-in-law] Blanche of Burgundy Queen Consort France (age 25) marriage annulled as a consequence of her adultery. In 1313 [his daughter] Isabella of France Queen Consort England (age 27) gave gifts of coin-purses to her sisters-in-law Blanche of Burgundy Queen Consort France and [his former daughter-in-law] Margaret of Burgundy Queen Consort France. The coin-purses were subsequently seen by Isabella to be in the possession of the Norman knights Gautier and Philippe d'Aunay. When Isabella visited her father King Philip IV of France again in 1314 she informed him she suspected the two sisters to be having affairs with the two knights. The two knights were arrested, confessed to adultery under torture, and were executed. The two women were sentenced to life imprisonment at Château Gaillard [Map]. Margaret's husband [his son] Louis X King France I Navarre became King in Nov 1314 whilst she was in prison; she became Queen of France by marriage. Somewhat conveniently she died five months later. Blanche of Burgundy Queen Consort France remained in prison until her husband Charles IV King France I King Navarre became King in 1322 at which time he had their marriage annulled.

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The Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, a canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: "In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed." Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

John Evelyn's Diary. 3rd February 1644. The Palaise, as they call the upper part, was built in the time of Philip the Fair, noble and spacious. The great Hall annexed to it, is arched with stone, having a range of pillars in the middle, round which, and at the sides, are shops of all kinds, especially booksellers'. One side is full of pews for the clerks of the advocates, who swarm here (as ours at Westminster). At one of the ends stands an altar, at which mass is said daily. Within are several chambers, courts, treasuries, etc. Above that is the most rich and glorious Salle d'Audience, the chamber of St. Louis, and other superior Courts where the Parliament sits, richly gilt on embossed carvings and frets, and exceedingly beautified.