Azure

Azure is in Field.

Scrope vs Grosvenor Case

In September 1389 the Scrope vs Grosvenor Case was brought to the Court of Chivalry. Up to that time two families, Scrope and Grosvenor, had been using the armorial Scrope Arms: Azure, a bend or.

Several hundred witnesses were called including John of Gaunt 1st Duke Lancaster (age 49), Geoffrey Chaucer (age 46) and John Savile of Shelley and Golcar (age 64).

On 3rd September 1386 Owain ap Gruffudd "Glyndŵr" Mathrafal Prince Powys (age 27) gave evidence at the Church of John the Baptist, Chester [Map].

The Court decided in favour of Scrope.

Neither party was happy with the decision so King Richard II (age 22) was called upon to give his personal verdict.

On 27th May 1390 he confirmed that Grosvenor could not bear the undifferenced arms.

As a consequence of the case the Grosvenor has for many years used the name Bendor for horses and nicknames.

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Zouche Arms. Azure, ten bezants 4, 3, 2, 1.

Greene Arms. Azure, three bucks or. Source.

Halswell Arms. Azure, three bars wavy argent over all a bend gules. Source

Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Bligh Arms. Azure, a griffin segreant or, armes and langued gules, between three crescents argent.Source.

Hyde Arms. Azure, a chevron between three lozenges or.

Bohun Arms. Azure, a bend argent cotised or between six lions rampant or. Source.

Ireland Arms. Azure, a harp or stringed argent.

Cantilupe Arms. Azure three leopard's faces jessant-de-lys or.

Kevelioc Arms. Azure three garbs or. Source.

Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

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Legge Arms. Azure a stag's head caboshed argent. Source.

Darcy Arms. Azure semée of cross crosslets argent, three cinquefoils of the last. Source.

Murray Arms. Azure, three mullets argent, within a double tressure flory counter-flory or. Source.

Fane Arms. Azure three dexter gauntlets back affrontée or. Source.

Musgrave Arms. Azure six annulets or. Source.

Fitzhugh Arms. Azure, three chevrons interlaced in base or a chief of the last. Source.

Oglander Arms. Azure, a stork between three cross-croslets fitchée or. Source

Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

France Ancient Arms. Azure semy-de-lis or. Source.

NO IMAGE. Azure semée of fleur-de-lys or, a lion rampant argent. Source.

Freschville Arms. Azure, bend argent between six escallops.

Ponthieu Arms. Azure, three bends or a bordure gules.

Bardolf Arms. Azure three cinquefoils buttoned gules. Source.

Robartes Arms. Azure, three estoiles and a chief wavy or. Source.

Blois Arms. Azure a bend argent cotised. Source.

Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.

In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.

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Clotworthy Arms. Azure, a chevron ermine between three chaplets or. Source.

Scrope Arms. Azure, a bend or. Source.

Cullum Arms. Azure, a chevron ermine between three pelicans vulning their breasts or. Source.

Sedley Ailesford Arms. Azure a fess wavy argent three rams heads argent. Source.

Dormer Arms. Azure, ten billets or 4,3,2,1 issuant from a chief of the second a demi lion rampant sable langued gules.

Tilney Arms. Azure, a chevron between three griffin's heads erased or. Source.

Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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Bruyn Arms. Azure, a cross moline or. Appears to be the same as Molyneux Arms.

Vane Arms. Azure three sinister gauntlets (appaumée) or. These are a difference of the Fane Arms, Earls of Westmorland from 1624, which show: three dexter gauntlets back affrontée, with identical tinctures. Source.

Vincent Arms. Azure, three quatrefoils argent. Source.

Cosin Arms. Azure, a fret or.

The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Watkins Arms. Azure, a fess vair between three leopard's faces jessant-de-lys or. Source.

Wriothesley Arms. Azure, a cross or between four doves close argent, beaks & legs gules. Source.

Capet Arms. Azure, three Fleur de lys or. Source.