Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 1180-1230

Paternal Family Tree: Norman

Maternal Family Tree: Amice Gael Countess Leicester 1168

1215 Magna Carta

1219 Death of William Marshal

In 1172 [his father] Richard Clare 3rd Earl Hertford [aged 19] and [his mother] Amice Fitzrobert Countess Hertford were married. She by marriage Countess Hertford. She the daughter of [his grandfather] William Fitzrobert 2nd Earl Gloucester and [his grandmother] Hawise Beaumont Countess Gloucester. He the son of Roger Clare 2nd Earl Hertford [aged 56] and Maud St Hilary Countess Hertford. They were half fourth cousin once removed. She a great granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

In 1180 Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford was born to Richard Clare 3rd Earl Hertford [aged 27] and Amice Fitzrobert Countess Hertford. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

Magna Carta

On 15th June 1215 King John of England [aged 48] met with his Baron's at Runnymede [Map] where he agreed to the terms of the Magna Carta which attempted to reduce the King's authority through political reform. Those who signed as surety included:

Roger Bigod 2nd Earl Norfolk [aged 71]

his son Hugh Bigod 3rd Earl Norfolk [aged 33]

Henry Bohun 1st Earl Hereford [aged 39]

[his father] Richard Clare 3rd Earl Hertford [aged 62]

his son Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 35]

[his future brother-in-law] William "The Younger" Marshal 2nd Earl Pembroke [aged 25]

William Mowbray 6th Baron Thirsk [aged 42]

Saer Quincy 1st Earl Winchester [aged 45]

Robert Ros [aged 43], Richard Percy 5th Baron Percy Topcliffe [aged 45]

Robert de Vere 3rd Earl of Oxford [aged 50]

Eustace Vesci [aged 46]

John Fitzrobert 3rd Baron Warkworth [aged 25]

John Lacy Earl Lincoln [aged 23].

William de Albini [aged 64], Geoffrey Mandeville 2nd Earl Essex [aged 24]

Robert Clare Fitzwalter

William Forz 3rd Earl Albemarle

William Hardell

William Huntingfield

William Llanvallei

William Malet 1st Baron Curry Mallet

Roger Montbegon, Richard Montfichet

Geoffrey Saye [aged 60] signed as surety the Magna Carta.

Ranulf de Blondeville Gernon 6th Earl Chester 1st Earl Lincoln [aged 45] witnessed.

In 1217 Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 37] was created 1st Lord Glamorgan.

In 1217 [his father] Richard Clare 3rd Earl Hertford [aged 64] died. His son Gilbert [aged 37] succeeded 5th Earl Gloucester, 4th Earl Hertford, 7th Lord Clare.

In or before 1218 Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 37] and Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford [aged 17] were married. She by marriage Countess Gloucester, Countess Hertford. The difference in their ages was 20 years. She the daughter of William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke [aged 71] and Isabel Clare Countess Pembroke [aged 45]. He the son of Richard Clare 3rd Earl Hertford and Amice Fitzrobert Countess Hertford. They were third cousins. He a great x 2 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

Death of William Marshal

On 14th May 1219 [his father-in-law] William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke [aged 73] died. His son [his brother-in-law] William [aged 29] succeeded 2nd Earl Pembroke.

In 1220 [his mother] Amice Fitzrobert Countess Hertford died.

On 27th May 1220 [his daughter] Amice Clare Countess Devon was born to Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 40] and [his wife] Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford [aged 19]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. She married 1255 her fourth cousin Baldwin Redvers 6th Earl Devon and had issue.

In 1221 Roger Bigod 2nd Earl Norfolk [aged 77] died. His son Hugh [aged 39] succeeded 3rd Earl Norfolk. [his sister-in-law] Maud Marshal Countess Norfolk and Surrey [aged 27] by marriage Countess Norfolk.

Around 1222 [his brother-in-law] Richard Marshal 3rd Earl Pembroke [aged 31] and Gervase Dinant Countess Pembroke were married. He the son of [his father-in-law] William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke and [his mother-in-law] Isabel Clare Countess Pembroke.

On 4th August 1222 [his son] Richard de Clare 6th Earl Gloucester 5th Earl Hertford was born to Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 42] and [his wife] Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford [aged 21]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. He married (1) before November 1237 his half third cousin once removed Margaret Burgh Countess Gloucester and Hertford, daughter of Hubert de Burgh Count Mortain 1st Earl Kent and Margaret Dunkeld Countess Kent (2) after November 1237 his third cousin once removed Maud Lacy Countess Gloucester and Hertford, daughter of John Lacy Earl Lincoln and Margaret Quincy 3rd Countess Lincoln and Pembroke, and had issue.

Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

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On 23rd April 1224 [his brother-in-law] William "The Younger" Marshal 2nd Earl Pembroke [aged 34] and Eleanor Plantagenet Countess Pembroke and Leicester [aged 9] were married. She by marriage Countess Pembroke. The difference in their ages was 25 years. She the daughter of King John of England and Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England [aged 36]. He the son of [his father-in-law] William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke and [his mother-in-law] Isabel Clare Countess Pembroke. They were fifth cousins.

On 13th October 1225 William Warenne 5th Earl of Surrey and [his sister-in-law] Maud Marshal Countess Norfolk and Surrey [aged 31] were married. She the daughter of [his father-in-law] William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke and [his mother-in-law] Isabel Clare Countess Pembroke. He the son of Hamelin Warenne Earl of Surrey and Isabella Warenne Countess Boulogne 4th Countess of Surrey. They were half second cousin once removed.

On 5th November 1226 [his daughter] Isabel Clare Lady Annandale was born to Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 46] and [his wife] Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford [aged 26]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England. She married 12th May 1240 her third cousin once removed Robert Bruce 5th Lord Annandale and had issue.

Annals of Tewkesbury. [1228] Gilbert de Clare [aged 48], Earl of Gloucester, has a son named William, born on the 18th of May. Richard de Clare [aged 44], brother of the said earl, was killed in London on Ascension Day, and in revenge for his death, many of the king's servants were slaughtered. Gilbert, the Earl of Gloucester, marched with a large army into Wales against the Welsh. An earthquake occurred in many places in England on the night of St. George's Day. Gilbert, the Earl of Gloucester, discovered silver mines in Wales, as well as iron and lead.

MCCXXVIII. Gileberto de Clare comiti Glocestriæ nascitur filius nomine Willelmus, xv. kal. Junii. Ricardus de Clare frater dicti comitis occisus est apud Lundoniam, die Ascensionis, in cujus vindictam plures de servientibus domini regis trucidati sunt. Gilebertus comes Glocestriæ cum exercitu magno profectus est in Walliam contra Walenses. Terræmotus factus est per plurima loca Angliæ, nocte sancti Georgii. Gilebertus comes Glocestriæ invenit minera argenti in Walliis, ferri et plumbi.

On 18th May 1228 [his son] William de de Clare was born to Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 48] and [his wife] Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford [aged 27]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

On 25th October 1230 Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford [aged 50] died. His son Richard [aged 8] succeeded 6th Earl Gloucester, 5th Earl Hertford, 8th Lord Clare, 2nd Lord Glamorgan.

On 30th March 1231 Richard of Cornwall 1st Earl Cornwall [aged 22] and [his former wife] Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford [aged 30] were married at Fawley, Lambourn. She by marriage Countess Cornwall. She the daughter of [his former father-in-law] William Marshal 1st Earl Pembroke and [his former mother-in-law] Isabel Clare Countess Pembroke. He the son of King John of England and Isabella of Angoulême Queen Consort England [aged 43]. They were fifth cousins.

On 17th January 1240 [his former wife] Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford [aged 39] died.

[his son] Agnes Clare was born to Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford and Isabel Marshal Countess Cornwall, Gloucester and Hertford. He a great x 3 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 1180-1230 appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

Royal Ancestors of Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 1180-1230

Kings Wessex: Great x 10 Grand Son of King Alfred "The Great" of Wessex

Kings England: Great x 2 Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Kings France: Great x 6 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 10 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Royal Descendants of Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 1180-1230
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

Isabel Bruce Queen Norway [1]

King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland [1]

King Henry V of England [1]

Philippa Lancaster Queen Consort Denmark [1]

King Edward IV of England [3]

King Richard III of England [3]

Anne Neville Queen Consort England [4]

Queen Anne Boleyn of England [5]

Queen Jane Seymour [8]

Catherine Parr Queen Consort England [4]

Queen Catherine Howard of England [5]

Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor [1]

Jane Grey I Queen England and Ireland [8]

King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland [2]

Maximilian "The Great" Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria I Elector Bavaria [1]

Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress [1]

Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor [2]

George Wharton [46]

Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain [2]

Anna of Austria Holy Roman Empress [2]

Louis XIII King France [1]

Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain [1]

Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England [1]

John George Wettin Elector Saxony [1]

Frederick William "Great Elector" Hohenzollern Elector Brandenburg [1]

Eleonora Gonzaga Queen Consort Bohemia [2]

Maria Leopoldine Habsburg Spain Queen Consort Bohemia [2]

Hedwig Eleonora Queen Consort Sweden [1]

Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [1]

Victor Amadeus King Sardinia [1]

Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [1]

Maria Anna Neuburg Queen Consort Spain [2]

Frederick I King Sweden [3]

Joseph I Holy Roman Emperor [2]

Charles Habsburg Spain VI Holy Roman Emperor [2]

Adolph Frederick King Sweden [1]

President George Washington [2]

King George III of Great Britain and Ireland [2]

William Elector of Hesse [3]

Charlotte Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort England [1]

Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [2]

Marie Sophie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway [3]

Caroline of Brunswick Queen Consort England [2]

Frederick William III King Prussia [1]

Frederica Mecklenburg Strelitz Queen Consort Hanover [2]

Queen Fredrika Dorotea Vilhelmina [2]

King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark [3]

Frederick William IV King Prussia [2]

William I King Prussia [2]

Frederick VII King of Denmark [5]

Queen Louise Hesse-Kassel of Denmark [6]

King Christian IX of Denmark [3]

Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [4]

Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway [5]

Victoria Empress Germany Queen Consort Prussia [11]

King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [11]

Maria Christina of Austria Queen Consort Spain [3]

Brigadier-General Charles Fitz-Clarence [203]

Victoria Mary Teck Queen Consort England [6]

Frederick Charles I King Finland [6]

Constantine I King Greece [3]

Alexandrine Mecklenburg-Schwerin Queen Consort Denmark [8]

Victoria Eugénie Mountbatten Queen Consort Spain [14]

Louise Mountbatten Queen Consort Sweden [17]

Ingrid Bernadotte Queen Consort Denmark [13]

Philip Mountbatten Duke Edinburgh [20]

Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [798]

Carl XVI King Sweden [27]

Queen Consort Camilla Shand [281]

Diana Spencer Princess Wales [2506]

Catherine Middleton Princess of Wales [9]

Ancestors of Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 1180-1230

Great x 4 Grandfather: Gilbert Clare 2nd Count of Eu

Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard de Clare

Great x 2 Grandfather: Gilbert de Clare

Great x 4 Grandfather: Walter Giffard

Great x 3 Grandmother: Rohese Giffard

Great x 4 Grandmother: Ermengarde Flaitel

Great x 1 Grandfather: Richard de Clare

Great x 2 Grandmother: Adeliza Clermont

GrandFather: Roger Clare 2nd Earl Hertford

Great x 2 Grandfather: Ranulf le Meschin Gernon 3rd Earl Chester

Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard le Goz Viscount Avranches

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Avranches

Great x 4 Grandmother: Emma Mortain Viscountess Avranches

Great x 1 Grandmother: Alice Gernon

Great x 2 Grandmother: Lucy Bolingbroke Countess Chester

Father: Richard Clare 3rd Earl Hertford

GrandMother: Maud St Hilary Countess Hertford

Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert "Magnificent" Normandy I Duke Normandy 8 x Great Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Great x 3 Grandfather: King William "Conqueror" I of England -2 x Great Grand Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Herleva of Falaise

Great x 2 Grandfather: King Henry I "Beauclerc" England Son of King William "Conqueror" I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Baldwin "The Good" V Count Flanders 4 x Great Grand Son of King Alfred "The Great" of Wessex

Great x 3 Grandmother: Matilda Flanders Queen Consort England Great Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adela Capet Duchess Normandy Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks

Great x 1 Grandfather: Robert Normandy 1st Earl Gloucester Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Rainald Gay

Great x 2 Grandmother: Daughter Gay

GrandFather: William Fitzrobert 2nd Earl Gloucester Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Hamon Dentatus

Great x 3 Grandfather: Hamo Dapifer

Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert Fitzhamon

Great x 1 Grandmother: Mabel Fitzhamon Countess Gloucester

Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Montgomery

Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger "The Great" Montgomery 1st Earl of Shrewsbury

Great x 2 Grandmother: Sibyl Montgomery

Great x 4 Grandfather: William "Talvas" Belleme

Great x 3 Grandmother: Mabel de Bellême

Great x 4 Grandmother: Hildeburg

Mother: Amice Fitzrobert Countess Hertford Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Humphrey "Vielles" Beaumont

Great x 3 Grandfather: Roger "Bearded" Beaumont

Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert Beaumont 1st Earl of Leicester Count Meulan

Great x 4 Grandfather: Waleran I Count of Meulan

Great x 3 Grandmother: Adeline of Meulan

Great x 1 Grandfather: Robert Beaumont 2nd Earl of Leicester 3 x Great Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry I King of the Franks Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Great x 3 Grandfather: Hugh "Great" Capet Great Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne of Kiev Queen Consort Francia

Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Capet Countess Leicester, Meulan and Surrey 2 x Great Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks

Great x 4 Grandfather: Herbert Vermandois IV Count Vermandois 7 x Great Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Great x 3 Grandmother: Adelaide I Countess Vermandois 8 x Great Grand Daughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

GrandMother: Hawise Beaumont Countess Gloucester 4 x Great Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks

Great x 4 Grandfather: Ralph "Staller" Gael 1st Earl East Anglia

Great x 3 Grandfather: Ralph de Gael 2nd Earl East Anglia

Great x 2 Grandfather: Raoul Gael

Great x 4 Grandfather: William Fitzosbern 1st Earl Hereford

Great x 3 Grandmother: Emma Fitzosbern Countess East Anglia

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adelise Tosny Countess Hereford

Great x 1 Grandmother: Amice Gael Countess Leicester