Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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Biography of Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond 1818-1903

Paternal Family Tree: Stewart

Maternal Family Tree: Frances Twysden 1753-1821

On 10th April 1817 [his father] Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond [aged 25] and [his mother] Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond [aged 20] were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] Henry William Paget 1st Marquess Anglesey [aged 48] and [his grandmother] Caroline Elizabeth Villiers Duchess Argyll [aged 42]. He the son of Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond [aged 52] and Charlotte Gordon Duchess Richmond [aged 48].

On 27th February 1818 Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond [aged 26] and Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond [aged 21]. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 28th August 1819 [his grandfather] Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond [aged 54] died. His son [his father] Charles [aged 28] succeeded 5th Duke Richmond, 5th Earl March, 5th Baron Settrington. [his mother] Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond [aged 23] by marriage Duchess Richmond.

On 28th November 1843 Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 25] and Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 19] were married. He the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond [aged 52] and Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond [aged 47]. They were sixth cousins. He a great x 4 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 12th October 1844 [his daughter] Caroline Gordon-Lennox was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 26] and [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 20].

On 27th December 1845 [his son] Charles Gordon-Lennox 7th Duke Richmond was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 27] and [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 21]. He married (1) 10th November 1868 Amy Mary Ricardo and had issue (2) 1882 his fifth cousin once removed Isabel Sophie Craven and had issue.

On 19th September 1847 [his son] Algernon Charles Gordon-Lennox was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 29] and [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 23]. He married 31st August 1886 Blanche Maynard and had issue.

On 30th July 1849 [his son] Francis Charles Gordon-Lennox was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 31] and [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 25].

On 4th October 1849 [his brother-in-law] John George Brabazon Ponsonby 5th Earl Bessborough [aged 39] and [his sister] Caroline Amelia Gordon-Lennox Countess Bessborough [aged 30] were married. She by marriage Countess Bessborough. She the daughter of [his father] Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond [aged 58] and [his mother] Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond [aged 53]. He the son of John Ponsonby 4th Earl Bessborough and Maria Fane. They were fifth cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 21st June 1851 [his daughter] Florence Gordon-Lennox was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 33] and [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 27].

On 21st October 1860 [his father] Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond [aged 69] died. His son Charles [aged 42] succeeded 6th Duke Richmond, 6th Earl March, 6th Baron Settrington. [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 36] by marriage Duchess Richmond.

Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses

Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.

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Before 13th December 1860 [his brother-in-law] Charles George Bingham 4th Earl Lucan [aged 30] and [his sister] Cecilia Catherine Gordon-Lennox Countess Lucan [aged 22] were married. She the daughter of [his father] Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond and [his mother] Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond [aged 64]. He the son of George Charles Bingham 3rd Earl Lucan [aged 60] and Anne Brudenell Countess Lucan [aged 51]. They were fourth cousin once removed. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 29th July 1865 [his son] Walter Charles Gordon-Lennox was born to Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 47] and [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 41].

In 1867 Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 48] was appointed 750th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 47].

On 10th November 1868 Charles Gordon-Lennox 7th Duke Richmond [aged 22] and Amy Mary Ricardo [aged 21] were married. He the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 50] and Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 44].

On 12th March 1874 [his mother] Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond [aged 77] died.

In 1876 Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 57] was created 1st Duke Gordon.

In 1882 Charles Gordon-Lennox 7th Duke Richmond [aged 36] and Isabel Sophie Craven [aged 18] were married. He the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 63] and Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 57]. They were fifth cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.

On 1st January 1886 [his son] Francis Charles Gordon-Lennox [aged 36] died.

On 31st August 1886 Algernon Charles Gordon-Lennox [aged 38] and Blanche Maynard [aged 22] were married. He the son of Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 68] and Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 62].

On 8th March 1887 [his wife] Frances Harriett Greville Duchess Richmond [aged 63] died.

Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans

Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.

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On 30th April 1890 [his sister] Caroline Amelia Gordon-Lennox Countess Bessborough [aged 70] died.

On 21st July 1895 [his daughter] Florence Gordon-Lennox [aged 44] died.

On 27th September 1903 Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond [aged 85] died. His son Charles [aged 57] succeeded 7th Duke Richmond, 2nd Duke Gordon, 7th Earl March, 7th Baron Settrington.

Gordon Jacon Wilson was born to Jacob Wilson and Margaret Hedley. Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond was his godfather.

Royal Ancestors of Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond 1818-1903

Kings Wessex: Great x 23 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 20 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 26 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 21 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings Godwinson: Great x 22 Grand Son of King Harold II of England

Kings England: Great x 4 Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Kings Scotland: Great x 4 Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Kings France: Great x 6 Grand Son of Henry IV King France

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 27 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Kings Spain: Great x 11 Grand Son of John II King Aragon

Ancestors of Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond 1818-1903

Great x 4 Grandfather: King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland Son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland

Great x 3 Grandfather: Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 2 Grandfather: Charles Lennox 2nd Duke Richmond Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Francis Brudenell 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Frances Savile 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: George Lennox Great Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Cadogan

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Cadogan 1st Earl Cadogan

Great x 4 Grandmother: Bridget Waller

Great x 2 Grandmother: Sarah Cadogan Duchess Richmond

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Cecilia Munter Countess Cadogan

GrandFather: Charles Lennox 4th Duke Richmond 2 x Great Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: William Kerr 2nd Marquess Lothian 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Kerr 3rd Marquess Lothian 5 x Great Grand Son of King James V of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Jean Campbell Marchioness Lothian 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King James V of Scotland

Great x 2 Grandfather: William Henry Kerr 4th Marquess Lothian 6 x Great Grand Son of King James V of Scotland

Great x 1 Grandmother: Louisa Kerr 4 x Great Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Darcy 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Darcy 3rd Earl Holderness 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Bridget Sutton 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Caroline Darcy Marchioness Lothian 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Meinhart Schomberg 3rd Duke Schomberg 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Frederica Schomberg Countess Holderness and Fitzwalter 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Karoline von der Pfalz Great Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland

Father: Charles Gordon-Lennox 5th Duke Richmond 3 x Great Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: George Gordon 1st Duke Gordon 5 x Great Grand Son of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 3 Grandfather: Alexander Gordon 2nd Duke Gordon 6 x Great Grand Son of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Howard Duchess Gordon 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King James II of Scotland

Great x 2 Grandfather: Cosmo George Gordon 3rd Duke Gordon 7 x Great Grand Son of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Charles Mordaunt 3rd Earl Peterborough 1st Earl Monmouth 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Henrietta Mordaunt Duchess Gordon 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Alexander Gordon 4th Duke Gordon 8 x Great Grand Son of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: George Gordon 1st Earl Aberdeen

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Gordon 2nd Earl Aberdeen

Great x 2 Grandmother: Catherine Gordon Duchess Gordon 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Murray 1st Duke Atholl 5 x Great Grand Son of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 3 Grandmother: Susan Murray 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Catherine Hamilton Duchess Atholl 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King James IV of Scotland

GrandMother: Charlotte Gordon Duchess Richmond 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King James IV of Scotland

Great x 2 Grandfather: William Maxwell

Great x 1 Grandmother: Jane Maxwell Duchess Gordon

Charles Gordon-Lennox 6th Duke Richmond 4 x Great Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Nicholas Bayly

Great x 3 Grandfather: Edward Bayly 1st Baronet

Great x 2 Grandfather: Nicholas Bayly 2nd Baronet Bayly of Plas Newydd in Anglesey

Great x 1 Grandfather: Henry Bayly-Paget 1st Earl Uxbridge 12 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Paget 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Paget 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Caroline Paget Lady Plas Newydd Anglesey 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

GrandFather: Henry William Paget 1st Marquess Anglesey 13 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Very Reverend Arthur Champagné

Great x 1 Grandmother: Jane Champagné Countess Uxbridge

Mother: Caroline Paget Duchess Richmond 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: Edward Villiers 1st Earl Jersey 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Villiers 2nd Earl Jersey 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Barbara Chiffinch Countess Jersey

Great x 2 Grandfather: William Villiers 3rd Earl Jersey 12 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: George Bussy Villiers 4th Earl Jersey 8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Egerton 3rd Earl Bridgewater 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 3 Grandfather: Scroop Egerton 1st Duke Bridgewater 6 x Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandmother: Jane Paulet Countess Bridgewater 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne Egerton Duchess Bedford 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Churchill 1st Duke of Marlborough 14 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Churchill Countess Bridgewater 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Sarah Jennings Duchess of Marlborough

GrandMother: Caroline Elizabeth Villiers Duchess Argyll 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry VII of England and Ireland

Great x 2 Grandfather: Bishop Philip Twysden

Great x 1 Grandmother: Frances Twysden