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Biography of Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness 1360-1437

Paternal Family Tree: Stewart

Maternal Family Tree: Margaret Graham Countess Ross

1425 Purge of the Albany Stewarts

1437 Assassination of King James I of Scotland

In 1336 [his father] King Robert II of Scotland (age 19) and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She had been his mistress for a number of years.

Around 1356 [his father] King Robert II of Scotland (age 39) and [his mother] Euphemia Ross Queen Consort Scotland were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. She the daughter of [his grandfather] Hugh 4th Earl Ross and [his grandmother] Margaret Graham Countess Ross.

Around 1360 Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness was born to King Robert II of Scotland (age 43) and Euphemia Ross Queen Consort Scotland.

After 1378 [his son] David Stewart was born to Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 18).

In 1390 Eupheme Stewart 2nd Countess of Strathearn and Caithness resigned the title 2nd Countess Caithness to her uncle Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 30) who became 3rd Earl Caithness.

On 19th April 1390 [his father] King Robert II of Scotland (age 74) died at Dundonald Castle, Dundonald. He was buried at Scone Abbey [Map]. His son [his half-brother] Robert (age 53) succeeded III King Scotland. Annabella Drummond Queen Consort Scotland (age 40) by marriage Queen Consort Scotland. His son [his brother] David succeeded 3rd Earl Strathearn.

In 1404 Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 44) was created 1st Earl Atholl.

1425 Purge of the Albany Stewarts

On 18th May 1425 Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany (age 63), his two sons Walter Stewart (age 25) and Alexander Stewart, and Duncan Lennox 8th Earl Lennox (age 80) were tried at Stirling Castle [Map] in the presence of King James I of Scotland (age 30).

The jury which condemned them was composed of 21 knights and peers, including Albany's half-uncle Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 65), first cousin Alexander Stewart 1st Earl of Mar (age 50), first cousins once-removed Archibald Douglas 2nd Duke Touraine (age 35), and Alexander, Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles.

In 1428 Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 68) resigned the Earldom of Caithness to his son [his son] Allan Stewart 4th Earl Caithness.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

In 1431 [his son] Allan Stewart 4th Earl Caithness died. Earl Caithness returned to Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 71).

The Death of King James. [November 1436]. Nocht long after this the Kynglete lete so ordeyne his parliament yn due forme, at Edenbourghe, somunde yn the yere of oure lord A Thousand, Foure Hundreth, Six and Thirtye, yn the fest of All Hallowen. To the which parliament the said Sir Robert Grame stired a full cruell vengance ayene the Kyng, sent privie messages and letturs to certayne men and servantes of the Duke of Albayne, whome the Kyng a litill afore hade done rigorusly to deth, lich as hit is entitild here afore, opynly, that if thay consent and faver hym, he wold uttirly take upon hym for to slee the Kyng, lest thurgh his tirannye and covetise he wold destruy this reume of Scotteland: and the corone of the land shall be yovon to Sir [his grandson] Robert Stuard (age 36), which is the Kyng's cosyn, and next of the right of the corone, bot yf the Kyng had a sune; the same Robert's fadir thenne liggyng in hostage to the Kyng of England, for the said James Kyng of Scottes, yn the towre of London, till that his fynaunce were fully content and paid. And the said Sir Robert's grantesire, the Erle of Athetelles (age 76), of that treison and counsell as hit was said; and by hymselfe secretly desirid and covetid to have the corone. For which causes the same Sir Robert Grame was half the better consentid to bryng thaire purpos to effecte. For this Sir Robert Stuard did ever abide yn the Kynges presence, full famulier aboute hyme at all houres, and most privey above all other; and was a full gentill squyer, fresh, lusty, and right amyable. Whome the Kyng entierly loved as his owne sone; and for the tendure love that he had to hym he made [hym] Constable of all his host, and … at the sege of Edenbourgh. [Sic. Roxburgh.]

Before 1437 [his son] David Stewart (age 58) died.

Assassination of King James I of Scotland

On 26th March 1437 Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 77) and his grandson [his grandson] Robert Stewart (age 37) were hanged, drawn and quartered at Edinburgh Castle [Map] for having conspired to assassinate King James I of Scotland (deceased).

A Brief Latin Chronicle. 21st February 1437. And around the following March, the same king, by the wicked persuasion and counsel of the Earl of Atholl (age 77), his uncle, and others supporting him in this, was killed one night by a Scot commonly known as William Graham and some others, while the king was preparing for bed, dressed only in his shirt and trousers. He was terrified and forced into the latrine of his own chamber, where he was cruelly and inhumanely killed with swords. It is said that he had about thirty wounds on his body, seven of which seemed fatal. As evidence of this event, an apostolic legate then in Scotland reportedly later brought the said shirt to the Pope, as it is said. Blessed be the Lord God who so often rescues His servants from the hands of those seeking evil against them, and confuses and overthrows the perjurers and those who disturb the peace!

Et circiter mensem Martii extunc proximo sequentem idem rex, iniqua suasione ac consilio Comitis de Athel, avunculi sui, et aliorum sibi in hoc favencium, per quemdam Scottum, Willelmum Grame vulgariter nominatum, et quosdam alios, nocte quadam, dum se rex ad lectum disponebat, camisia et braccis solummodo indutus, improvise territus et in cloacam proprie camere fugatus, cum spatis crudeliter et inhumane est occisus. Fertur enim ipsum circa xxx vulnera in corpore habuisse, quorum vij letalia videbantur. In evidenciam cujus rei quidam legatus apostolicus in Scotia tunc existens dictam cdamisiam postmodo Domino Pape, ut dicitur, deferebat. Benedictus sit Dominus Deus qui tam sepius servulos suos eripuit de manibus querencium eis mala, perjurosque et pacem turbantes confudit et evertit!

The Death of King James. [26th March 1437] Soone after this was takyn the Erle of Athetelles (age 77), by the Erle of Angwis; and laid ynto the castell of Edenburghe to prisone. This same Erle of Athetelles was endited, arreyned, and dampned. Bot bycause of that this was nighe the fest of Pascue, the crosse was takyn adowne; and he lad to the polour yn the towne, and ther was he fast boundon, and a corone of papir put upon his hed, the which was all abowte depaynetid with jubettes, and for the more dispite and shame to hym was writyne with thes wordes, TRAITOUR, TRAITOUR, TRAITOUR. The Busshope of Urbinate, legate of owre Holy Fadir the Pope, then beyng in Scotteland, upon his ambassite, hard thare confessions. And then evyn forthwith the said Erle of Athetelles was heded; bot he went alwas to have grace and pardon, unto the tyme that the hangman had hym upon the skaffald, to be there and then hedid. For he confessid, and said that he was not yn no wyse consentyng ne assentyng to the Kynges deth; but that he knew therof long, and kepte hit counesell, bycause that Sir [his grandson] Robert Stuward (age 37), that was oone of the grettest traitours, was his sonnes sonne, and therfore he told hit not to the Kyng. Bot yit nevyre the lesse when this Sir Robert wist therof and told hit to the Erle of Athetelles of the Kynges deth, he blamyd hyme sore, and defendid hym that in no wyse shuld he be consentyng to none such murdure of his Soveran Lord: weynyng veraly that nether he, ne none of all the other, the which bene rehersid afore, wold never have done that murdure yn effecte. And so the said Erle told, and confessid, at his lyvys end; and his hed, coroned with a corone of yryne, stondyng upon a spere shaft yn the myddis of Edenburghe.

[his son] Allan Stewart 4th Earl Caithness was born to Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness.

John Randolph 3rd Earl of Moray and [his mother] Euphemia Ross Queen Consort Scotland were married. She by marriage Countess Moray. She the daughter of [his grandfather] Hugh 4th Earl Ross and [his grandmother] Margaret Graham Countess Ross. He the son of Thomas Randolph 1st Earl of Moray and Isabella Stewart Countess Moray.

Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness 1360-1437 appears on the following Descendants Family Trees:

Royal Ancestors of Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness 1360-1437

Kings Wessex: Great x 9 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 5 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 11 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 6 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings England: Great x 4 Grand Son of King John of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 8 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 16 Grand Son of Louis "Pious" King Aquitaine I King Franks

Kings France: Great x 9 Grand Son of Robert "Pious" II King France

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 14 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Ancestors of Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness 1360-1437

Great x 4 Grandfather: Alan Fitzwalter 2nd High Steward

Great x 3 Grandfather: Walter Stewart 3rd High Steward

Great x 2 Grandfather: Alexander Stewart 4th High Steward

Great x 4 Grandfather: Gille Críst Angus 4th Earl Angus

Great x 3 Grandmother: Bethóc Angus

Great x 4 Grandmother: Marjorie Dunkeld Countess Angus

Great x 1 Grandfather: James Stewart 5th High Steward -1309

GrandFather: Walter Stewart 6th High Steward

Father: King Robert II of Scotland 3 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Bruce 4th Lord Annandale

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Bruce 5th Lord Annandale 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel "the Scot" Dunkeld Lady Annandale 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert Bruce Earl Carrick 4 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Gilbert Clare 5th Earl Gloucester 4th Earl Hertford 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Isabel Clare Lady Annandale 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 1 Grandfather: King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland 5 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Niall Carrick 2nd Earl Carrick

Great x 2 Grandmother: Marjorie Carrick 3rd Countess Carrick

Great x 4 Grandfather: Walter Stewart 3rd High Steward

Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Stewart Countess Carrick

Great x 4 Grandmother: Bethóc Angus

GrandMother: Marjory Bruce 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Donald Mar 6th Earl of Mar

Great x 2 Grandfather: Donald Mar 7th Earl of Mar

Great x 1 Grandmother: Isabella Mar Great Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Llewellyn "The Great" Aberffraw

Great x 4 Grandmother: Marared ferch Madog Mathrafal

Great x 2 Grandmother: Elen ferch Llewellyn Aberffraw Countess Huntingdon and Mar Grand Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: King John of England Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Joan Plantagenet Daughter of King John of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Adela Plantagenet

Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness 4 x Great Grand Son of King John of England

GrandFather: Hugh 4th Earl Ross

Mother: Euphemia Ross Queen Consort Scotland

Great x 1 Grandfather: John Graham of Abercorn

GrandMother: Margaret Graham Countess Ross