In 1856 Mr Greenwell (age 35) returned to Durham and was made a Minor Canon of Durham Cathedral [Map], which office he retained till 1909. At the same time he became Chaplain and Censor of Cosin's Hall. In 1864 this Hall was closed and next year he was appointed to the living of St Mary the Less. in the South Bailey, Durham. and continued Rector of this little parish till he died.

But it was as an archæologist that he attained fame. It is said that he was almost forty when he received the first real impetus to this line of study. Someone happened to show him a bronze dagger that had been found in Ford West Field in Northumberland. He was also shown sonle flint scrapers and urns, with burnt bones, that had been found in levelling a cairn, so in June and July of this year (1858) he opened two barrows near Ford, and shortly afterwards wrote an account of them, which is in the Transactions oj the Berwickshire Field Club, vol. IV p. 390. The first essay in the exploration barrows led to his openlng a great number, first in Northumberland and then on the Yorkshire Wolds, and in other parts of England, and he wrote an account of barrows which he had examined in the Achæological Journal, Vol. XXIl (1865), pp. 97-117 and 241-264. "This and the earlier paper just mentioned were the precursors of hiss famous work on British Barrows which was published in 1878. (Fowler's Durham University, p. 153.) During this period he made the remarkable collection ot sepulchral pottery, urns, weapons, etc., which he presented to the British Musetilll, and whicn is there known as the Greenwell Collection. He was, in 1802, made Librarian to the Dean and Chapter of Durharn. There he forrnecl the fine collection of Anglican sculptured stones. a list of which he published in 1899, under the title of "A Catalogue of the Sculptured and Inscribcd Stones in the Cathedral Library of Durham." He found in the Library a large and confused mass of charters dating from the earliest days of the Abbey. He persuaded the Chapter to fit up the large root over the College gateway for the reception of these, and there he arranged and docketed them, and also made a complete catalogue of the seals.

He was a member of many learned societies. In 1846 he helped to promote the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club. In 1862 he becanve a meniber of the Council of the has been President since 1865. He was also a member of the Newcastle Society of Antiquaries. At the meeting of the Archæological Institute in Newcastle in 1852 he read on the curious concentric circles a paper carved on rocks in Northtumberland and elsewhere. This paper first drew attention to these stones. Unfortunately it was never published and has since apparently been lost. In 1861 he joined the Berwickshire Naturalists Field Club. He was Inade President of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club in 1862-3, and in Vol. VI. of the Transactions of the Club will be found his presidential address (p. 1), and some notes on a tumulus at Grindstone Law (p. 34). For the Surtess Society he edited the following:

1852.—The Boldon Book, or Survey oj Durhajn in 1183.

1853.—Thc Pontifical of Eghert, Archbishop of York (731-67).

1856.—Thc Survey of the Palatinate of Durham, compiled during the Episcopate of Thomas Hatfield (1345-82).

1865.—Wills and Inventories from the Registry of Durham.

1871.—Feodarium Prioratus Dunelmensls, a Survey of the Estates of the Convent of Durham in the Fifteenth Century.

In the Transactions of the Natural History Society of Durham and Northumberland, Vol. I., N.S. (1865-7), p. 143, he wrote an account of an ancient British burial at Ilderton, Northumberland. About 1869 he explorated the excavations in the chalk near Brandon, in Suffolk, known as "Grime's Graves." An account of these written by him occurs in the Journal of the Ethnological Society, N.S., Vol. ll.. p. 419. To Archccologia he contributed Recent Researches in Barrows, Vol. I-ll.. pp. 1-72; Antiquities found in Heathery Burn Cave, Vol. LIV., pp. 87-114; Some Rare Forms of Bronze Weapons. Vol. LVIll., pp. 1-16: and Early Iron Age Burials in Yorkshire, Vol. X N.S. He contributed also to the Yorkshire Archæological Journal, Vol. II.. pp. 87-96, an account of some Lascell's deeds. He wrote for the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland a paper on the "Chambered Cairns in Argyleshire," which is published in their Proceedings, and he also contributed to the Proceedings of the Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiquarian Society. In 1870 he delivered a lecture on Durham Cathedral which is to be found in the Transactions of the Durham Archæological Society. Vol. ll., pp. 163-234. In 1881 it was re-issued as a gtlide-book and reached a fifth edition in 1897. He contribtlted many other papers to this Society, and also to the Numismatic Chronicle, in which periodical first appeared in his treatise on The Electrum Coinaqe of Cyzicus. which afterwards appeared as a separate work.

As his reptltation as an archæologist grew, various honours fell to his share. He became F.S.A. in 1868. F. R.S. in 1879. hon. F.S.A. Scotland in 1879, and in 1882 Durham University conferred on him the honorary degree of D.C.L,

On November 27th, 1908, The Times announced that his unique collection of prehistoric bronzes had been secured to the British Museum through the generosity of Mr J. Pierpont Morgan, who had bought them for £10,000, and a special article on the collection was published in the same newspaper on January 9th, 1909. In 1895 he sold his collection of flint implements to Dr W. Allan Sturge, M .V.O., formerly of Nice. His earliest collection of note was of Greek coins, which he disposed of to Mr Warren, of Boston, U. S.A., for £1,000. It is now in the Boston Museum. though the duplicates cam back to England and were sold at Messrs Sotheby's.

He was also keenly interested in paintings. At Witton-le-Wear, he bought for £25 a water-colour which he suspected of being a Turner, which it proved to be. He sold this for eleven hundred guineas, and it afterwards changed hands again to the father of the present Lord Joicey for £2000.

With the money he raised by the sale of his collections Dr Greenwell was able to repurchase his ancestral home, Greenwell Ford, where his nephew, His Honour. Judge Greenwell, now lives. He was never a dry-as-dust, absorbed only in the past. He took an active interest in the present, and found much scope for his energies in civic affairs. He was a Guardian of the Poor, a member of the Durham School Board from its foundation, Chairman of the local Assessment Committee since 1888, a member of the Standing Joint Committee of the County Council and a County Alderman since 1904, a Justice of the Peace since 1880, and Chairman of the Petty Sessional Division of the Durham Ward. Always an outdoor man, he was keen on shooting and fishing, and it is said that his sporting instincts made him kindly disposed to poachers, and that when a poacher was brought up for trial the police and the defendant. with differing motives, would inquire whether Greenwell would be on the bench. From boyhood he was an enthusiastic angler, and will alwavs be remembered bv the angling fraternity as the inventor of two famous flies, the Greenwell, and the Greenwell's Glory. In his eightieth year he caught over a hundred trout in the old fish-pond at Greenwell Ford, and at eighty-four he stood for over six hours one day on the banks of the Browney and caught forty-two fish. Even at ninety-seven he went out fishing, being taken in a motor by a nurse or an attendant to his destination, and generally brought back a haul. Breaking his leg at the age of seventy-five only temporarily impaired the activity of the vigorous Canon. His mind was always active, and he had a wonderful memory for persons and events of years ago. His knowledge of north-country families was astonishing, and his familiarity with their ramifications was accurate to the last.

Until two or three weeks before his death he seemed hale and hearty and in full possession of his faculties, and all his friends hoped he would live to celebrate his hundredth birthday. But he gradually weakened, although up to within two or three days of his death he was able to play backgammon with his constant attendant and friend, Mr J. P. Freeman. head verger of Durham Cathedral.

In the course of his sermon in Durham Cathedral on January 27th. Dean Hensley Henson said :—I wish to lay a wreath of reverent and kindly honour on the bed where William Greenwell lies dead after a life prolonged to the extreme limit of human existence here on earth. Near a century—1820 to 1918—has passed between his birth and his death. and for the most part of that long period he was actively and beneficentlv concerned with this great church and the history of this part of England. His name will alwavs be associated with Durham, its school, its university, its city, above all with its incomparable Cathedral, which owes to him. not only a long official service, but a jealously loving vigilance, and that vivid and little book which enables the visitor to learn the salient facts of its history and architecture in pages glowing with enthusiasm and crammed with knowledge. Among more than a thousand letters of congrattllation which have come to me during the last few weeks, none touched me more than the very generously expressed letter which he penned and signed with his own hand at the age, as he reminded me, of nearly ninety-eight years. It will be long indeed before the memory of his shrewd, sometimes caustic speech, his devotion to Nature and to his friends, young and old, his amazing and manv-sided interest in public affairs, his striking, masterfull, yet very lovable personality, will fade from the recollection of the North.

Ail admirable portrait of Dr Greenwell, painted by Mr Cope, A. R. A., hangs in the Chapter Library. It was done for the Durham Archæological Society in recognition of his long services as president. He is shown seated. with a bronze spearhead in his right hand. and with his favourite gold and bronze antiques, and the Greenwell and Greenwell's Glory on a table at his side.