The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of King Beorhtric of Wessex -802

786 Assassination of King Cynewulf

787 First Viking Attack

796 Death of King Offa

800 Battle of Kempsford

786 Assassination of King Cynewulf

In 786 Cynewulf King of Wessex was killed by Cyneheard the Ætheling at Merton, Surrey while visiting his [Cynewulf's] mistress. King Beorhtric of Wessex succeeded King Wessex.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 786. This year Cyneard slew King Cynewulf, and was slain himself, and eighty-four men with him. Then Bertric undertook the government of the West-Saxons, and reigned sixteen years. His body is deposited at Wareham [Map]; and his pedigree goeth in a direct line to Cerdic. At this time reigned Elmund king in Kent, the father of Egbert [aged 13]; and Egbert was the father of Athulf.

787 First Viking Attack

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 787. This year King Bertric took Edburga the daughter of Offa to wife. And in his days came first three ships of the Northmen from the land of robbers. The reve30 then rode thereto, and would drive them to the king's town; for he knew not what they were; and there was he slain. These were the first ships of the Danish men that sought the land of the English nation.

Note 30. Since called "sheriff"; i.e. the reve, or steward, of the shire. "Exactor regis".—Ethelw.

In 787 King Beorhtric of Wessex and Queen Eadburga of Wessex were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Wessex. She the daughter of King Offa of Mercia and Cynethryth Queen Mercia.

796 Death of King Offa

On 29th July 796 [his father-in-law] King Offa of Mercia died. His son [his brother-in-law] Ecgfrith succeeded King Mercia.

In December 796 [his brother-in-law] King Ecgfrith of Mercia died. King Coenwulf of Mercia succeeded King Mercia.

Battle of Kempsford

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 800. This year was the moon eclipsed, at eight in the evening, on the seventeenth day before the calends of February; and soon after died King Bertric and Alderman Worr. Egbert [aged 27] succeeded to the West-Saxon kingdom; and the same day Ethelmund, alderman of the Wiccians, rode over the Thames at Kempsford; where he was met by Alderman Woxtan, with the men of Wiltshire, and a terrible conflict ensued, in which both the commanders were slain, but the men of Wiltshire obtained the victory.

In 802 [his wife] Queen Eadburga of Wessex died.

In 802 King Beorhtric of Wessex died. He, apparently, accidentally killed by his wife Queen Eadburga of Wessex who had intended to kill another.