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The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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Effigy of Sir Roger de Bois and Lady is in Monumental Effigies of Great Britain.
THESE are said to be the effigies of Roger de Bois and Margaret his wife. Bloomheld thus describes the tomb in his time: "On the East of the Church" (at Ingham in Norfolk), "just by the rood-loft, a tomb raised, on which is the effigies of a knight in complete armour, under his head the head and body of a Saracen, at his feet a hound." This inscription, he further says, was about the monument:
Monsieur Roger de Boys gist icy [Monsiuer Roger is here in the ground]
Et Dame Margarete sa feme auxi [And Dame Margaret his wife also]
Vous qui passez par icy [You who pass here ]
Priez Dieu de leur aimes eit mercy. [Pray for their souls]
Elle mourut l'an n'tre Seigneur mille trecent quinsieme et il mourut l'an de dit notre Seigneur 1300. [She died in the year of our Lord, one thousand and thirty-fifth, and he died in the year of our Lord, 1300.]
The Knight and his Lady wear long mantles, on the right shoulder of each of which is a circular badge, bearing what is called the Tau cross of St. Anthonya, and the letters ANTbON, in the uncial character. Details. 1. Badge on the shoulders. 2. Compartments of the girdle, one embossed with [Symbol here like a curved M].
Note a. Pope Boniface VIII. is said to have instituted an order of St. Anthony in 129S, and it is more certainly known that in 1382 Count Albert of Bavaria founded one in Hainault, on occasion of some remarkable cures of the disease called St. Anthony's lire, performed at a chapel dedicated to the Saint. Gentlemen of the first rank and merit were knights of this Order; the ensigns of which are said to have been a crutch, a hermit's cord, and a little bell. (Moreri, Diet. Historique, article St. Antoine.) The Tau cross has very much, it will be observed, the form of a crutch. The surcoat of the knight is exceedingly curious. The little circles with which it is covered must not be mistaken for ordinary mails; the mailing of the camail shows the difference; and indeed the skirt of the hauberk appears underneath this outward defence, which is perhaps of stamped leather or of quilted work thickly set with studs. Mr. Stothard considered this monument to be one of those Erected some time subsequent to the death of the persons whom it represented. In strict chronological order of costume it may be placed sixty or seventy years later.