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The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
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Whitehorse Hill.
Oct. 3, 1758. My daughter [Anna] Fairchild having been in Barkshire, gave me an account of Whitehorse-hill, and the places thereabouts; the remains of a round temple23 of the Druids called Wayland Smith [Map]. Here the country people have a notion of an invisible smith living there; and if a traveller's horse happens to lose a shoe, leave him there, and a penny, and your horse shall be well shooed. I have often taken notice of these magic notions affixed to Druid temples. The figure of the horse24 on the side of the hill is poorly dravi'n, though of an immense bulk: but, she says, very much in the scheme of the Brittish horses on the reverse of their coins. They found a quantity of gold Brittish coins near there lately, hollow, and like of Cunobeline. Near the white horse, upon the hill, is a large tumulus, which they call pendragon. I believe this hill was one of their places of horse and chariot races at the midsummer sacrifice in the times of the Brittish kings, like that of black Hameldon in Yorkshire, it being a fine down. — Diary, vol. xviii., 12.
Note 23. A chambered round barrow, with formerly a ring of stones at the base of the mound. The chamber is cruciform in plan.
Note 24. Near Uffington Castle, a rude figure of a horse, formed by cutting away the turf upon the side of the chalk hill, of great antiquity; supposed by some to have been a work of the Britons, and by others to be a memorial of Alfred's victory over the Danes. Just under whitehorse-hill is a round hill called dragon-hill, but whether artificial or not. is held to be doubtful. The ancient figure of the horse gives its name to the adjoining vale. — Lysons' Magn. Brit,, vol. i.. 215,301.