Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester -1652

Paternal Family Tree: Boteler

Maternal Family Tree: Audrey Saunders 1551-1588

Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester was born to [her father] John Boteler 1st Baron Boteler and [her mother] Elizabeth Villiers Baroness Boteler Brantfield.

Before 1600 [her father] John Boteler 1st Baron Boteler (age 33) and [her mother] Elizabeth Villiers Baroness Boteler Brantfield (age 26) were married.

Before 1608 Francis Anderson (age 26) and Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester were married.

In 1608 [her son] Stephen Anderson was born to [her husband] Francis Anderson (age 27) and Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester.

On 22nd December 1615 [her husband] Francis Anderson (age 34) died.

In July 1616 [her future husband] Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 18) and Susan Northam were married.

On 31st July 1617 Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 19) and Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester were married.

In 1618 [her husband] Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 19) was created 1st Baronet Leigh of Newnham in Warwickshire.

After 1618 [her brother-in-law] James Ley 1st Earl of Marlborough (age 66) and [her sister] Jane Boteler Countess Marlborough were married.

The History of William Marshal, Earl of Chepstow and Pembroke, Regent of England. Book 1 of 2, Lines 1-10152.

The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.

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On 11th January 1620 [her daughter] Elizabeth Leigh Countess Southampton was born to [her husband] Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 21) and Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester. She married before 1646 Thomas Wriothesley 4th Earl of Southampton 2nd Earl Chichester, son of Henry Wriothesley 3rd Earl of Southampton and Elizabeth Vernon Countess Southampton, and had issue.

On 5th February 1626 [her brother-in-law] James Ley 1st Earl of Marlborough (age 74) was created 1st Earl Marlborough by King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 25). [her sister] Jane Boteler Countess Marlborough by marriage Countess Marlborough.

On 7th February 1626 [her brother-in-law] Mountjoy Blount 1st Earl Newport (age 29) and [her sister] Anne Boteler Countess Newport and Portland (age 26) were married. He the illegitmate son of Charles Blount 1st Earl Devonshire and Penelope Devereux Countess Devonshire.

In July 1627 [her brother-in-law] Mountjoy Blount 1st Earl Newport (age 30) was created 1st Earl Newport in the Isle of Wight. [her sister] Anne Boteler Countess Newport and Portland (age 27) by marriage Countess Newport in the Isle of Wight.

In 1628 [her husband] Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 29) was created 1st Baron Dunsmore of Dunsmore in Warwickshire with special remainder to his stepson [her son] John Anderson 1st Baronet who was the son of his second wife Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester and [her former husband] Francis Anderson. John Anderson 1st Baronet predeceased Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester so the remainder had no effect.

On 30th July 1628 [her father] John Boteler 1st Baron Boteler (age 62) was created 1st Baron Boteler of Brantfield. [her mother] Elizabeth Villiers Baroness Boteler Brantfield (age 55) by marriage Baroness Boteler of Brantfield.

Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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In 1644 [her husband] Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 45) was created 1st Earl Chichester with special remainder to [her future son-in-law] Thomas Wriothesley 4th Earl of Southampton 2nd Earl Chichester (age 36) who was the husband of his daughter [her daughter] Elizabeth Leigh Countess Southampton (age 23). Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester by marriage Countess Chichester.

Before 1646 [her son-in-law] Thomas Wriothesley 4th Earl of Southampton 2nd Earl Chichester (age 38) and [her daughter] Elizabeth Leigh Countess Southampton (age 25) were married. She by marriage Countess of Southampton. She the daughter of [her husband] Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester (age 47) and Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester. He the son of Henry Wriothesley 3rd Earl of Southampton and Elizabeth Vernon Countess Southampton (age 73).

On 16th September 1652 Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester died.

[her daughter] Mary Leigh Viscountess Grandison was born to Francis Leigh 1st Earl Chichester and Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester. She married her first cousin once removed George Villiers 4th Viscount Grandison and had issue.

[her son] John Anderson 1st Baronet was born to Francis Anderson and Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester.

Royal Ancestors of Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester

Kings Wessex: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 22 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 17 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings England: Great x 12 Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of Louis VII King of the Franks

Kings France: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of Robert "Pious" II King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 24 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Royal Descendants of Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

Brigadier-General Charles Fitz-Clarence [1]

Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [1]

Ancestors of Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester

Great x 4 Grandfather: John Boteler

Great x 3 Grandfather: John Boteler

Great x 2 Grandfather: Philip Boteler

Great x 4 Grandfather: William Tyrrell

Great x 3 Grandmother: Dorothy Tyrrell

Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Darcy

Great x 1 Grandfather: John Boteler 9 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 4 Grandfather: Roger Drury of Hawstead in Suffolk

Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Drury

Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Drury 8 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 4 Grandfather: William Calthorpe 9 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Calthorpe 7 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Stapleton 6 x Great Grand Daughter of

GrandFather: Henry Boteler 10 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 1 Grandmother: Griselda Roche

Father: John Boteler 1st Baron Boteler 11 x Great Grand Son of

Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Waller

Great x 3 Grandfather: John Waller

Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Waller

Great x 1 Grandfather: Robert Waller

GrandMother: Catherine Waller

Audrey Boteler Countess Chichester 12 x Great Grand Daughter of

Great x 4 Grandfather: William Villiers

Great x 3 Grandfather: John Villiers

Great x 2 Grandfather: John Villiers

Great x 1 Grandfather: William Villiers of Brooksby Leicestershire

GrandFather: George Villiers of Brokesby

Great x 2 Grandfather: Richard Clarke

Great x 1 Grandmother: Collette Clarke

Mother: Elizabeth Villiers Baroness Boteler Brantfield

Great x 1 Grandfather: William Saunders of Harrington Northamptonshire

GrandMother: Audrey Saunders