Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes 1726-1797

Paternal Family Tree: Sandes aka Sandys

On 9th July 1725 [his father] Samuel Sandys 1st Baron Sandes (age 29) and [his mother] Letitia Tipping were married.

On 28th April 1726 Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes was born to [his father] Samuel Sandys 1st Baron Sandes (age 30) and [his mother] Letitia Tipping.

On 20th December 1743 [his father] Samuel Sandys 1st Baron Sandes (age 48) was created 1st Baron Sandys of Ombersley in Worcestershire.

In 1754 Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes (age 27) was elected MP Bossiney.

In 1762 Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes (age 35) was elected MP Westminster.

On 26th January 1769 Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes (age 42) and Anne Maria Colebrooke were married.

On 21st April 1770 [his father] Samuel Sandys 1st Baron Sandes (age 74) died after having been injured when his post-chaise overturned on Highgate Hill Highgate. His son Edwin (age 43) succeeded 2nd Baron Sandys of Ombersley in Worcestershire.

William of Worcester's Chronicle of England

William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.

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In 1779 [his mother] Letitia Tipping died.

On 11th March 1797 Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes (age 70) died without issue. Baron Sandys of Ombersley in Worcestershire extinct. His estates passed to his niece Mary Sandys Marchioness Downshire (age 33).

In 1847 Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes was elected MP Droitwich.

Royal Ancestors of Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes 1726-1797

Kings Wessex: Great x 22 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England

Kings Gwynedd: Great x 18 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd

Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 24 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth

Kings Powys: Great x 19 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys

Kings Godwinson: Great x 22 Grand Son of King Harold II of England

Kings England: Great x 12 Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Kings Scotland: Great x 21 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland

Kings Franks: Great x 28 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor

Kings France: Great x 23 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks

Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 26 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine

Ancestors of Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes 1726-1797

Great x 4 Grandfather: Samuel Sandes

Great x 3 Grandfather: Edwin Sandes

Great x 4 Grandmother: Mercy Culpepper

Great x 2 Grandfather: Samuel Sandes 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Bulkeley 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 3 Grandmother: Penelope Bulkeley 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary Burgh 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Samuel Sandes 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 3 Grandfather: Hugh Barker

Great x 2 Grandmother: Mary Barker

GrandFather: Edwin Sandes 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: John Pettus

Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Pettus

Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard Gurney 1st Baronet

Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Gurney

Father: Samuel Sandys 1st Baron Sandes 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: James Rushout 1st Baronet

GrandMother: Alice Rushout

Great x 2 Grandfather: Edmund Pitt of Sudbury Court in Harrow in Middlesex

Great x 1 Grandmother: Alice Pitt Lady Rushout

Edwin Sandys 2nd Baron Sandes 12 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Tipping

GrandFather: Thomas Tipping 1st Baronet

Mother: Letitia Tipping