This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
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Frederick Leighton 1830-1896 is in Painters.
On 3rd December 1830 Frederick Leighton was born to [his father] Dr Frederic Septimus Leighton (age 31) at Scarborough, North Yorkshire [Map].
1853. Frederick Leighton (age 22). Portrait of [his sister] Alexandra Leighton (age 24), the artist's sister.
1858. Frederick Leighton (age 27). Portrait of Augusta Frances Clayton-East (age 38).
Augusta Frances Clayton-East: Around 1820 she was born to East George Clayton-East 1st Baronet. In 1845 Henry Ainslie Hoare 5th Baronet and she were married. On 12th April 1903 Augusta Frances Clayton-East died.
Around 1860. Frederick Leighton (age 29). Portrait of Mary "May" Theodosia Sartoris (age 15), "Mrs Evans Gordon".
Around 1860. Frederick Leighton (age 29). Portrait of Henry Evans-Gordon (age 18).
Henry Evans-Gordon: he and Mary "May" Theodosia Sartoris were married. In 1842 he was born. On 19th December 1909 he died.
Around 1860. Frederick Leighton (age 29). Portrait of Mary "May" Theodosia Sartoris (age 15), "Mrs Evans Gordon".
Around 1860. Frederick Leighton (age 29). Portrait of [his father] Dr Frederic Septimus Leighton (age 60), the artist's father.
Dr Frederic Septimus Leighton: On 18th September 1799 he was born. On 24th January 1892 he died.
Around 1860. Frederick Leighton (age 29). Portrait of Mary "May" Theodosia Sartoris (age 15).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1862. Frederick Leighton (age 31). "Bianca". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 3).
Frederick Leighton Biography. Around 1870. Frederick Leighton (age 39). "Miss Dene". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 11).
1875. Frederick Leighton (age 44). "Little Fatima". Model Connie Gilchrist (age 9).
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Around 1876. Frederick Leighton (age 45). "Study: At a Reading Desk". Model Connie Gilchrist (age 10).
1876. Frederick Leighton (age 45). "The Daphnephoria". The model for all five girls centre Connie Gilchrist (age 10).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1877. Frederick Leighton (age 46). "The Music Lesson". Model originally Connie Gilchrist (age 11) who was replaced by Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 4). See The Life, Letters and Work of Frederic Leighton.
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1879. Frederick Leighton (age 48). "Elijah in the Wilnerness".
Around 1879. Frederick Leighton (age 48). Portrait of Adelaide Chetwynd-Talbot Countess Brownlow.
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1879. Frederick Leighton (age 48). "Neruccia".
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1879. Frederick Leighton (age 48). Sketch for "Elijah in the Wilnerness".
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1880. Frederick Leighton (age 49). "Letty". Model Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 7).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1880. Frederick Leighton (age 49). "Sister's Kiss". Model Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 7).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1880. Frederick Leighton (age 49). "The Light of the Harem". Model Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 7).
The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel Volume 1 Chapters 1-60 1307-1342
The True Chronicles of Jean le Bel offer one of the most vivid and immediate accounts of 14th-century Europe, written by a knight who lived through the events he describes, and experienced some of them first hand. Covering the early decades of the Hundred Years’ War, this remarkable chronicle follows the campaigns of Edward III of England, the politics of France and the Low Countries, and the shifting alliances that shaped medieval warfare. Unlike later historians, Jean le Bel writes with a strong sense of eyewitness authenticity, drawing on personal experience and the testimony of fellow soldiers. His narrative captures not only battles and sieges, but also the realities of military life, diplomacy, and the ideals of chivalry that governed noble society. A key source for Jean Froissart, Le Bel’s chronicle stands on its own as a compelling and insightful work, at once historical record and literary achievement. This translation builds on the 1905 edition published in French by Jules Viard, adding extensive translations from other sources Rymer's Fœdera, the Chronicles of Adam Murimuth, William Nangis, Walter of Guisborough, a Bourgeois of Valenciennes, Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke and Richard Lescot to enrich the original text and Viard's notes.
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1880. Frederick Leighton (age 49). Self-Portrait.
1880. Frederick Leighton (age 49). "Crenaia, the Nymph of the Dargle". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 21).
1880. Frederick Leighton (age 49). "Yasmeenah". Model Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 7).
Frederick Leighton Biography. Around 1882. Frederick Leighton (age 51). "Return of Persephone". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 23).
Frederick Leighton Biography. Around 1882. Frederick Leighton (age 51). "Antigone". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 23).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1883. Frederick Leighton (age 52). Study For Sleeping Group For "Cymon And Iphigenia". Given by Lord Leighton to G.F. Watts, O.M., and given by the latter to the Collection in Leighton House
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1884. Frederick Leighton (age 53). Study In Colour For "Cymon And Iphigenia."
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1884. Frederick Leighton (age 53). "Cymon and Iphigenia". Models sisters Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 25) and Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 11).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1884. Frederick Leighton (age 53). "Kittens". Model Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 11).
1885. Frederick Leighton (age 54). Portrait of May Prinsep Baroness Tennyson (age 31).
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Frederick Leighton Biography. 1886. Frederick Leighton (age 55). Study For Figure In Frieze, "Music." Leighton House Collection
Frederick Leighton Biography. Around 1886. Frederick Leighton (age 55). "Clytie". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 27).
In 1886 Frederick Leighton (age 55) was created 1st Baronet Leighton of Holland Park Road in St Mary Abbots in Kensington in Middlesex.
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1887. Frederick Leighton (age 56). "The Last Watch Of Hero."
Around 1888. Frederick Leighton (age 57). Portrait of Augusta Frances Hoare (age 42).
Augusta Frances Hoare: In October 1845 she was born to Henry Ainslie Hoare 5th Baronet and Augusta Frances Clayton-East. Before 23rd February 1892 William John Nettleship Angerstein and she were married. On 7th November 1922 Augusta Frances Hoare died.
Around 1888. Frederick Leighton (age 57). Portrait of Amy Augusta Jackson Lawford Baroness Coleridge.
Amy Augusta Jackson Lawford Baroness Coleridge: she was born to Henry Baring Lawford. On 13th August 1885 John Duke Coleridge 1st Baron Coleridge and she were married. She by marriage Baroness Coleridge of Ottery St Mary in Devon. On 27th May 1933 she died.
1889. Frederick Leighton (age 58). Portrait of [his sister] Alexandra Leighton (age 60), the artist's sister.
Around 1889. Frederick Leighton (age 58). "Greek Girls Playing Ball". Model left Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 30).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1889. Frederick Leighton (age 58). Study In Colour For "Greek Girls Playing At Ball."
Before 1890. Frederick Leighton (age 59). Portrait of Hannah Rothschild Countess of Rosebery (age 38).
Hannah Rothschild Countess of Rosebery: On 27th July 1851 she was born to Mayer Amschel Rothschild. On 20th March 1878 Archibald Philip Primrose 5th Earl Rosebery 1st Earl Midlothian and she were married at Board of Guardians Mount Street Grosvenor Square. She by marriage Countess Camden. He the son of Archibald John Primrose and Catherine Lucy Wilhelmina Stanhope Duchess of Cleveland. On 19th November 1890 Hannah Rothschild Countess of Rosebery died.
Around 1890. Frederick Leighton (age 59). "The Bath of Psyche". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 31).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1890. Frederick Leighton (age 59). Study For "Andromeda." Leighton House Collection.
Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'
This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.
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Frederick Leighton Biography. 1890. Frederick Leighton (age 59). Study In Colour For "Tragic Poetess."
Frederick Leighton Biography. Around 1890. Frederick Leighton (age 59). "The Bath of Psyche". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 31).
Around 1891. Frederick Leighton (age 60). "The Vestal". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 32).
The Royal Academy Conversazione, 1891, by George Henry Grenville Manton (age 36).
John Seymour Lucas, Dame Alice Ellen Terry (age 43), Sir William Quiller Orchardson, Rachel, Countess of Dudley (age 23), Marcus Stone, Henry Stacy Marks, Sir Henry Irving, Unidentified man, Unidentified man, Sir John Everett Millais (age 61), William Charles Thomas Dobson.
Unidentified woman, James Sant, William Powell Frith, Sir Hubert von Herkomer (age 41), Unidentified woman, Briton Riviere, Unidentified man, John Pettie, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema (age 54), Frederic Leighton (age 60), Baron Leighton.
Philip Hermogenes Calderon, Walter William Ouless, Thomas Faed, Robert Walker Macbeth, Edward Onslow Ford (age 38), William Frederick Yeames, Unidentified woman, Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones (age 57), Unidentified man.
Mary Anderson, John Calcott Horsley, possibly Joanna Margaret Hadley, Unidentified man, Henry Tanworth Wells, possibly Alice Joanna Street, Marion Harry Spielmann, Unidentified woman.
Around 1891. Frederick Leighton (age 60). "Perseus and Andromeda". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 32).
Around 1891. Frederick Leighton (age 60). "The Return of Persephone". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 32).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1891. Frederick Leighton (age 60). From Sketch In Clay For Perseus, In The Picture "Perseus And Andromeda."
Around 1891. Frederick Leighton (age 60). "Solitude". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 32).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1892. Frederick Leighton (age 61). "Bacchante".
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1892. Frederick Leighton (age 61). "And The Sea Gave Up The Dead Which Were In It". Sketch for Complete Design.
1892. Frederick Leighton (age 61). Portrait of [his sister] Alexandra Leighton (age 63), the artist's sister.
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1892. Frederick Leighton (age 61). Study in Oils for "Bacchante".
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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On 24th January 1892 [his father] Dr Frederic Septimus Leighton (age 92) died.
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1893. Frederick Leighton (age 62). "Atalanta."
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1894. Frederick Leighton (age 63). "Fatidica".
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1894. Frederick Leighton (age 63). Studies for "Fatidica".
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1894. Frederick Leighton (age 63). "Fatidica".
Frederick Leighton Biography. Around 1895. Frederick Leighton (age 64). "Cleobouline". Model Isabella Helena "Lena" Pullen (age 22).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1895. Frederick Leighton (age 64). "Flaming June". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 36).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1895. Frederick Leighton (age 64). "Memories". Model Edith Ellen Pullen (age 29).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1895. Frederick Leighton (age 64). Study for "Flaming June". Model Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 36).
Frederick Leighton Biography. 1895. Frederick Leighton (age 64). Studies from Dorothy Dene for "Clytie".
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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Frederick Leighton Biography. 1895. Frederick Leighton (age 64). "The Jealousy of Simœtha, the Sorceress". Model Henrietta Sarah Pullen (age 27).
Henrietta Sarah Pullen: In October 1867 she was born to Abraham Pullen and Sarah Eagle.
Frederick Leighton Biography. Before 1896. Frederick Leighton (age 65). "Farewell". Model Henrietta Sarah Pullen (age 28).
On 24th January 1896 Frederick Leighton (age 65) was created 1st Baron Leighton of Stretton in Shropshire. He died the next day.
On 25th January 1896 Frederick Leighton (age 65) died. Baron Leighton of Stretton in Shropshire and Baronet Leighton of Holland Park Road in St Mary Abbots in Kensington in Middlesex extinct. He left Ada Alice "Dorothy Dene" Pullen (age 37) £5,000, plus another £5,000 in trust for herself and her sisters; the largest bequest he made.
Frederick Leighton Biography. Frederick Leighton. Study For Figure In Panel In Royal Exchange—"Phœnicians Bartering With Britons". Leighton House Collection.
Frederick Leighton Biography. Chapter V. Leighton As President Of The Royal Academy 1878-1896.