The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan 1812-1873

Paternal Family Tree: Cadogan

On 15th February 1812 Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan was born to [his father] George Cadogan 3rd Earl Cadogan (age 28).

On 23rd December 1832 [his uncle] Charles Henry Sloane 2nd Earl Cadogan (age 83) died unmarried in Enfield [Map]. His half brother [his father] George (age 49) succeeded 3rd Earl Cadogan, 3rd Viscount Chelsea, 5th Baron Cadogan.

On 13th July 1836 Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan (age 24) and Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 27) were married at Durham Cathedral [Map]. He the son of George Cadogan 3rd Earl Cadogan (age 53). They were first cousins.

In 1838 [his daughter] Emily Frances Cadogan was born to Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan (age 25) and [his wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 29). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%. She died aged five in 1843.

On 12th May 1840 [his son] George Cadogan 5th Earl Cadogan was born to Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan (age 28) and [his wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 31). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%. He married 16th January 1865 Beatrix Jane Craven Countess Cadogan, daughter of William Craven 2nd Earl Craven and Emily Mary Grimston Countess Craven, and had issue.

On 23rd June 1841 [his son] Arthur Charles Lewin Cadogan was born to Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan (age 29) and [his wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 32). Coefficient of inbreeding 6.25%. He married 9th April 1870 Alice Charlotte Arabin.

On 5th October 1843 [his daughter] Emily Frances Cadogan (age 5) died.

On 15th September 1864 [his father] George Cadogan 3rd Earl Cadogan (age 81) died. His son Henry (age 52) succeeded 4th Earl Cadogan, 4th Viscount Chelsea, 6th Baron Cadogan. [his wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 55) by marriage Countess Cadogan.

On 16th January 1865 [his son] George Cadogan 5th Earl Cadogan (age 24) and [his daughter-in-law] Beatrix Jane Craven Countess Cadogan (age 20) were married. She the daughter of William Craven 2nd Earl Craven (age 55) and Emily Mary Grimston Countess Craven (age 48). He the son of Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan (age 52) and [his wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 56).

On 9th April 1870 [his son] Arthur Charles Lewin Cadogan (age 28) and [his daughter-in-law] Alice Charlotte Arabin were married. He the son of Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan (age 58) and [his wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 61).

Adam Murimuth's Continuation and Robert of Avesbury’s 'The Wonderful Deeds of King Edward III'

This volume brings together two of the most important contemporary chronicles for the reign of Edward III and the opening phases of the Hundred Years’ War. Written in Latin by English clerical observers, these texts provide a vivid and authoritative window into the political, diplomatic, and military history of fourteenth-century England and its continental ambitions. Adam Murimuth Continuatio's Chronicarum continues an earlier chronicle into the mid-fourteenth century, offering concise but valuable notices on royal policy, foreign relations, and ecclesiastical affairs. Its annalistic structure makes it especially useful for establishing chronology and tracing the development of events year by year. Complementing it, Robert of Avesbury’s De gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi tertii is a rich documentary chronicle preserving letters, treaties, and official records alongside narrative passages. It is an indispensable source for understanding Edward III’s claim to the French crown, the conduct of war, and the mechanisms of medieval diplomacy. Together, these works offer scholars, students, and enthusiasts a reliable and unembellished account of a transformative period in English and European history. Essential for anyone interested in medieval chronicles, the Hundred Years’ War, or the reign of Edward III.

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On 11th February 1873 [his wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan (age 64) died.

The Times. 14th February 1873. DEATH OF Baroness Cadogan. We have to announce the death of the [his former wife] Countess Cadogan (deceased), which occurred on Tuesday at Cadogan House, Belgravia. The deceased, who had long been an invalid, was the third daughter of the late [his former father-in-law] Hon. and Rev. Gerald V. Wesley D.D., and [his aunt] Lady Emily, eldest daughter of the first [his grandfather] Earl Cadogan. She was born in February, 1812 [NOTE. Sources state 16th January 1808], and married July 13, 1836, her cousin, the present Lord Cadogan (age 60), then Viscount Chelsea. She leaves issue four sons and a daughter.

On 8th June 1873 Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan (age 61) died at Woodrising, Norfolk. His son George (age 33) succeeded 5th Earl Cadogan, 5th Viscount Chelsea, 7th Baron Cadogan. [his daughter-in-law] Beatrix Jane Craven Countess Cadogan (age 28) by marriage Countess Cadogan.

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After 1879. Chapel of the Nine Altars, Durham Cathedral [Map]. Memorials to [his former sister-in-law] Georgiana Henrietta Louisa Wellesley (age 72), Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan, his wife [his former wife] Mary Sarah Wellesley Countess Cadogan, and [his former sister-in-law] Emily Ann Charlotte Wellesley.

Georgiana Henrietta Louisa Wellesley: On 28th December 1806 she was born to Reverend Gerald Valerian Wellesley and Emily Maud Cadogan. On 1st March 1879 Georgiana Henrietta Louisa Wellesley died.

Emily Ann Charlotte Wellesley: On 23rd October 1803 she was born to Reverend Gerald Valerian Wellesley and Emily Maud Cadogan. On 26th January 1836 Robert Liddell and she were married. On 22nd October 1876 Emily Ann Charlotte Wellesley died.

Ancestors of Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan 1812-1873

Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry Cadogan

Great x 3 Grandfather: William Cadogan

Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry Cadogan

Great x 1 Grandfather: Charles Cadogan 2nd Baron Cadogan

Great x 4 Grandfather: George Waller

Great x 3 Grandfather: Hardress Waller

Great x 2 Grandmother: Bridget Waller

GrandFather: Charles Sloane Cadogan 1st Earl Cadogan

Great x 3 Grandfather: Alexander Sloane

Great x 2 Grandfather: Hans Sloane 1st Baronet

Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Sloane Baroness Cadogan

Father: George Cadogan 3rd Earl Cadogan 18 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Winston Churchill

Great x 3 Grandfather: General Charles Churchill 14 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Drake 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 2 Grandfather: Charles Churchill 15 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Great x 1 Grandfather: Charles Churchill 16 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

GrandMother: Mary Churchill Countess Cadogan 17 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England

Great x 4 Grandfather: Edward Walpole of Houghton

Great x 3 Grandfather: Colonel Robert Walpole

Great x 4 Grandmother: Susan Crane

Great x 2 Grandfather: Robert Walpole 1st Earl Orford

Great x 1 Grandmother: Maria Walpole

Great x 2 Grandmother: Maria Skerritt

Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan 19 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England

Biography of Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan 1812-1873

Royal Ancestors of Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan 1812-1873

Ancestors of Henry Cadogan 4th Earl Cadogan 1812-1873