Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke
Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.
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Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 1 G60
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 2 G59
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 3 G59a
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 4 G58
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 5 G58a
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 6 G55a
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 7 G56
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 8 G57
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 9 G60a
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 10 G60b
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 11 G60c
Winterbourne Stoke East Barrows is in Winterborne Stoke Barrows.
Colt Hoare 1812. In the barrows No. 1 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 1 G60 [Map]] and No. 2 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 2 G59 [Map]], the rites of cremation had been practised, but no circumstances worthy of any particular detail occurred.
Colt Hoare 1812. In the barrows No. 1 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 1 G60 [Map]] and No. 2 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 2 G59 [Map]], the rites of cremation had been practised, but no circumstances worthy of any particular detail occurred.
Colt Hoare 1812. No. 3 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 3 G59a [Map]] and No. 4 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 4 G58 [Map]] had been opened by shepherds, and contained interments of burned bones. In the former was found a little cup. which Mr. Gunnington purchased.
Wiltshire Museum. DZSWS:STHEAD.276. 1 food vessel with no decoration, found with a primary cremation in bowl barrow Winterbourne Stoke G59a [Map], excavated by William Cunnington.
Colt Hoare 1812. No. 3 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 3 G59a [Map]] and No. 4 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 4 G58 [Map]] had been opened by shepherds, and contained interments of burned bones. In the former was found a little cup. which Mr. Gunnington purchased.
Wiltshire Museum. DZSWS:STHEAD.70d. 1 bone pin with flat head and bevelled perforation (broken in half) found with a primary cremation in bowl barrow Winterbourne Stoke G58 [Map], excavated by William Cunnington.
Wiltshire Museum. DZSWS:STHEAD.82. 1 miniature cup (incense cup?) without decoration found with a primary cremation in bowl barrow Winterbourne Stoke G58 [Map], excavated by William Cunnington.
Colt Hoare 1812. No. 5 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 5 G58a [Map]] contained an urn very imperfectly baked, and within it an interment of burned bones, and a very small arrow head of bone.
Colt Hoare 1812. No. 6 [In Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 6 G55a [Map]] the ceremony of burning had been adopted.
Colt Hoare 1812. No. 7 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 7 G56 [Map]]. This large barrow produced three interments. At the depth of four feet and a half, we discovered the skeleton of an infant, with its head laid towards the south; and immediately beneath it, a deposit of burned bones, and a drinking cup, which was unfortunately broken. At the depth of eight feet, and in the native bed of chalk, we came to the primary interment, viz. the skeleton of a man lying from north to south, with his legs gathered up according to the primitive custom. On his right side, and about a foot or more above the bones, was an enormous stag's horn. This was certainly the original deposit; chough we find the same mode of interment, as well as cremation adopted at a subsequent period near the surface of the barrow.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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Wiltshire Museum. DZSWS:STHEAD.71a. 1 fragment of red deer antler found with a primary inhumation in bowl barrow Winterbourne Stoke G56 [Map], excavated by William Cunnington.
Colt Hoare 1812. No. 8 [Winterbourne Stoke East Barrow 8 G57 [Map]] is a large old-fashioned bowl-shaped tumulus, the base diameter being nearly one hundred feet. It contained a skeleton lying on the floor with its bead towards the north, and much decayed from its having been covered with vegetable earth. Mr. Cunnington, supposing that this barrow contained more interments, made a second trial, but procured no further information.
Colt Hoare 1812. The remaining three barrows within this enclosure, viz. 9 [Map], 10 [Map], 11 [Map], which have before mentioned as being placed nearly at equal distances from the vallum, and forming a kind of triangle, afforded, on opening, no one appearance of sepulchral remains; and for what purpose they could have been raised, it is impossible for me to determine; it is rather singular that eiÜht out of the eleven tumuli which are enclosed within this work should have each proved sepulchral, and these not so.
Colt Hoare 1812. The remaining three barrows within this enclosure, viz. 9 [Map], 10 [Map], 11 [Map], which have before mentioned as being placed nearly at equal distances from the vallum, and forming a kind of triangle, afforded, on opening, no one appearance of sepulchral remains; and for what purpose they could have been raised, it is impossible for me to determine; it is rather singular that eiÜht out of the eleven tumuli which are enclosed within this work should have each proved sepulchral, and these not so.
Colt Hoare 1812. The remaining three barrows within this enclosure, viz. 9 [Map], 10 [Map], 11 [Map], which have before mentioned as being placed nearly at equal distances from the vallum, and forming a kind of triangle, afforded, on opening, no one appearance of sepulchral remains; and for what purpose they could have been raised, it is impossible for me to determine; it is rather singular that eiÜht out of the eleven tumuli which are enclosed within this work should have each proved sepulchral, and these not so.