The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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MP Grimsby

MP Grimsby is in Member Parliament.

1640 Short Parliament

1640 Long Parliament

1654 First Protectorate Parliament

1656 Second Protectorate Parliament

1659 Third Protectorate Parliament

1660 Convention Parliament

In 1523 John Heneage (age 38) was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1529 John Heneage (age 44) was elected MP Grimsby.

In October 1553 George Henage (age 31) was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1558 Marmaduke Tyrwhitt was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1572 Thomas Moryson was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1614 John Wray 2nd Baronet (age 27) was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1621 Christopher Wray (age 20) was elected MP Grimsby.

Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall

The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.

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In 1624 Christopher Wray (age 23) was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1625 Christopher Wray (age 24) was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1628 Christopher Wray (age 27) was elected MP Grimsby.

Short Parliament

In April 1640 Gervase Holles (age 33) was elected MP Grimsby in the Short Parliament.

In April 1640 Christopher Wray (age 39) was elected MP Grimsby during the Short Parliament.

Long Parliament

In November 1640 Gervase Holles (age 33) was elected MP Grimsby in the Long Parliament.

In November 1640 Christopher Wray (age 39) was elected MP Grimsby during the Long Parliament.

Around September 1646 William Wray 1st Baronet (age 21) was elected MP Grimsby.

First Protectorate Parliament

On 3rd September 1654 William Wray 1st Baronet (age 29) was elected MP Grimsby during the First Protectorate Parliament.

Second Protectorate Parliament

Third Protectorate Parliament

In 1659 William Wray 1st Baronet (age 34) was elected MP Grimsby during the Third Protectorate Parliament.

Convention Parliament

In April 1660 William Wray 1st Baronet (age 35) was elected MP Grimsby during the Convention Parliament.

In 1661 Gervase Holles (age 53) was elected MP Grimsby which seat he held until his death in 1675.

In 1667 Freschville Holles (age 24) was elected MP Grimsby.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 28th September 1667. After dinner comes Sir Fr. Hollis (age 25) to me about business; and I with him by coach to the Temple [Map], and there I 'light; all the way he telling me romantic lies of himself and his family, how they have been Parliamentmen for Grimsby, he and his forefathers, this 140 years; and his father (age 60) is now: and himself, at this day, stands for to be, with his father, by the death of his fellow-burgess; and that he believes it will cost him as much as it did his predecessor, which was £300 in ale, and £52 in buttered ale; which I believe is one of his devilish lies.

The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Before 31st August 1679 Christopher Wray 2nd and 6th Baronet (age 27) was elected MP Grimsby.

In 1768 Anthony St Leger (age 35) was elected MP Grimsby which seat he held until 1774.

In 1880 Edward Heneage 1st Baron Heneage (age 39) was elected MP Grimsby which seat he held until 1895.