The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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MP Wigan

MP Wigan is in Member Parliament.

In 1559 William Gerard (age 36) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1563 William Gerard (age 40) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1571 William Gerard (age 48) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1572 Edward Fitton (age 24) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1584 William Gerard (age 33) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1586 William Gerard (age 35) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1593 William Gerard (age 42) was elected MP Wigan.

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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In 1614 Gilbert Gerard 1st Baronet (age 26) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1614 Richard Molyneux 1st Viscount Molyneux (age 20) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1761 Simon Luttrell 1st Earl Carhampton (age 48) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1768 George Byng (age 33) was elected MP Wigan.

In 1774 George Byng (age 39) was elected MP Wigan.

On 21st June 1800 George William Gunning 2nd Baronet (age 37) was elected MP Wigan which seat he held until 1802.

In 1882 Algernon Fulke Leveson-Gower aka Egerton (age 56) was elected MP Wigan.