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The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Marquess Halifax

Marquess Halifax is in Marquessates of England Alphabetically, Marquessates of England Chronologically, Extinct Marquessates of England.

Summary

1682. George Savile 1st Marquess Halifax (age 48) created.

5th April 1695. Son William Savile 2nd Marquess Halifax (age 30) succeeded.

31st August 1700. William Savile 2nd Marquess Halifax extinct.

In 1682 George Savile 1st Marquess Halifax (age 48) was created 1st Marquess Halifax. Gertrude Pierrepont Marchioness Halifax by marriage Marchioness Halifax.

On 2nd April 1695 William Savile 2nd Marquess Halifax (age 30) and Mary Finch Duchess Roxburghe (age 18) were married. She by marriage Marchioness Halifax. She the daughter of Daniel Finch 2nd Earl Nottingham 7th Earl Winchilsea (age 47) and Essex Rich Countess Nottingham. He the son of George Savile 1st Marquess Halifax (age 61) and Dorothy Spencer Lady Savile. They were fourth cousins.

On 5th April 1695 George Savile 1st Marquess Halifax (age 61) died apparently as a consequence of eating undercooked chicken. He was buried in the north aisle of the King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey [Map]. His son William (age 30) succeeded 2nd Marquess Halifax, 2nd Earl Halifax, 2nd Viscount Halifax, 2nd Baron Savile of Elland, 5th Baronet Savile of Thornhill. Mary Finch Duchess Roxburghe (age 18) by marriage Marchioness Halifax.

On 31st August 1700 William Savile 2nd Marquess Halifax (age 35) died without male issue. Marquess Halifax, Earl Halifax, Viscount Halifax and Baron Savile of Elland extinct. His first cousin twice removed John (age 50) succeeded 6th Baronet Savile of Thornhill