The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 20th April 1808 Emperor Napoléon III was born to [his father] Louis Bonaparte (age 29).
On 25th July 1846 [his father] Louis Bonaparte (age 67) died.
1847. Alexandre Cabanel (age 23). Portrait of Emperor Napoléon III (age 38).
In 1855. Franz Xaver Winterhalter (age 49). The Emperor Napoléon III (age 46).
In 1855 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (age 35) appointed five Knights of the Garter:
709th George Howard 7th Earl Carlisle (age 52).
711th Francis Leveson Gower aka Egerton 1st Earl Ellesmere (age 54).
712th George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl Aberdeen (age 70).
713th Emperor Napoléon III (age 46).
714th King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia (age 34).
On 9th January 1873 Emperor Napoléon III (age 64) died.
Adeline Horsey Recollections. Paris was then a city of delight, revelling in the palmy days of the Second Empire, and I greatly enjoyed my visit there. One night I went to the Opera with Cardigan and we saw Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Trelawney in a box. Mrs. Trelawney was the famous Miss Howard, once the English mistress of Louis Napoleon, who paid her £250,000 when he renounced her to marry Eugenie de Montijo. Mrs. Trelawney annoyed the Emperor and Empress as much as she dared by sitting opposite the Royal box at the Opera, and driving almost immediately behind the Empress's carriage in the Bois de Boulogne. She was a very fat woman, and her embonpoint increased to such an extent that the doors of her carriage had to be enlarged to allow her to get in and out with comfort.
GrandFather: Charles-Marie Bonaparte
Father: Louis Bonaparte
GrandMother: Maria-Letizia Ramolino