The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 2nd April 1811 Franz Schrotzberg was born in Vienna.
1842. Franz Schrotzberg (age 30). Portrait of Princess Maria of the Two Sicilies (age 19).
Princess Maria of the Two Sicilies: On 26th April 1822 she was born to Leopold Prince of Salerno and Archduchess Clementina of Austria. On 25th November 1844 Prince Henri Duke of Aumale and she were married. He the son of King Louis Philippe I of France. They were fourth cousin once removed. On 6th December 1869 Princess Maria of the Two Sicilies died.
1860. Franz Schrotzberg (age 48). Portrait of Empress Elisabeth of Austria (age 22).
1878. Franz Schrotzberg (age 66). Self-portrait.
On 29th May 1889 Franz Schrotzberg (age 78) died.