Biography of King Edward I of Scotland 1283-1364

On 9th February 1281 [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland [aged 32] and [his mother] Isabella Warenne were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] John Warenne 6th Earl of Surrey [aged 50] and [his grandmother] Alice Lusignan Countess of Surrey. They were fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

On 30th November 1292 [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland [aged 43] was crowned I King Scotland at Scone Abbey [Map].

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough. We, therefore, in willing agreement with the praiseworthy intentions of the said king [[his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland [aged 46]] in this matter, so that the alliance of this confederation and the fruitful bond of friendship may flourish the more fervently and endure the more firmly, being founded on better auspices and bound by stronger ties, it has been done, agreed, and concluded between us, with the will and consent of our dearest brother and faithful companion, Charles [aged 24], Count of Valois and Anjou, and the aforesaid procurators, acting in the name of the said king by authority of their commission, that a marriage shall be contracted between Edward [aged 12], the firstborn son of the said king, who by express agreement made with the above-mentioned procurators is to succeed the king in the kingdom of Scotland and in his other lands, and Joan [aged 1], the firstborn daughter of our said brother.

Nos itaque ipsius regis votis laudabilibus in hac parte grato concurrentes animo, ut hujusmodi confoederationis affinitas et amicitiæ fructuosus contractus eo ferventius vigeat, stabiliusque perduret, quo melioribus firmatus auspiciis, nexuque constrictus fuerit fortiori; actum, conventum, et concordatum extitit inter nos, de voluntate et assensu carissimi germani et fidelis nostri Caroli Valesiæ et Andegavensis comitis, et procuratores prædictos, procuratorio nomine dicti regis, quod inter Edwardum, primogenitum filium regis ejusdem, futurum regem Scotiæ, et qui per conventionem expressam habitam cum procuratoribus antedictis successurus est eidem regi in regno Scotia et aliis terris suis, et Johannam primogenitam filiam germani nostri prædicti, matrimonium contrahetur.

On 27th April 1296 Battle of Dunbar was fought between [his grandfather] John Warenne 6th Earl of Surrey [aged 65] and [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland [aged 47], his son in law. John Strathbogie 9th Earl Atholl [aged 30] and John Comyn 3rd Earl Buchan were captured.

Patrick de Graham Lord of Kincardine was killed.

On 6th August 1332 a Scottish army led by Duncan Fife 4th Earl Fife [aged 44] and Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale unsuccessfully attempted to oppose the forces of King Edward I of Scotland [aged 49] landing near Kinghorn, Fife at a skirmish known as the Battle of Wester Kinghorn. Alexander Seton the Younger [aged 42] was killed.

On 12th August 1332 Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between the supporters of the infant King David II of Scotland [aged 8], son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland [aged 49], supported by the English. The Bruce army included Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale and Domhnall Mar II Earl of Mar [aged 39]. The Balliol army included David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl [aged 23], Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford [aged 30], Thomas Ughtred 1st Baron Ughtred [aged 40] and Walter Manny 1st Baron Manny [aged 22]. The battle is notable for being the first to use dismounted men-at-arms supported by archers; a formation that would bring repeated success to the English both in Scotland and France.

Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale was killed leading a charge.

Nicholas Hay [aged 47] was killed.

Thomas Randolph 2nd Earl Moray was killed. His brother John [aged 26] succeeded 3rd Earl Moray.

Domhnall Mar II Earl of Mar was killed.

On 16th December 1332 the Battle of Annan Moor was fought between the supporters of the seven year old King David II of Scotland [aged 8], son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland [aged 49], supported by the English. The Bruce army, led by, Archibald Douglas [aged 34], supported by John Randolph 3rd Earl of Moray [aged 26] and King Robert II of Scotland [aged 16] surprised King Edward I of Scotland and his supporters at Annan and threw them out of Scotland.

On 25th March 1333 the Battle of Dornock was fought between the supporters of the seven year old King David II of Scotland [aged 9], son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland [aged 50], supported by the English, commanded by Ralph Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland [aged 43]. The English army quickly overwhelmed the Scottish force. William "Flower of Chivalry and Knight Liddesdale" Douglas 1st Earl Atholl [aged 33] was captured and spent two years in prison.

On 30th November 1335 David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl [aged 26] was killed during the Battle of Culblean. His son David [aged 8] succeeded 12th Earl Atholl, 3rd Baron Strabolgi.

Whilst small the battle had a significant impact insofar as it brought an end to the campaign of King Edward III of England [aged 23] also ending the aspirations to the Scottish throne of King Edward I of Scotland [aged 52].

On 20th January 1356 King Edward I of Scotland [aged 73] surrendered his claim to the Scottish throne to King Edward III of England [aged 43] in the presence of William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby [aged 25] in exchange for an English pension.