Biography of King Edward I of Scotland 1283-1364

Paternal Family Tree: Balliol

Maternal Family Tree: Helene du Donjon 1095-1189

1281 Marriage of King John of Scotland and Isabella Warenne

1295 The Auld Alliance

1332 Battle of Wester Kinghorn

1332 Battle of Dupplin Moor

1332 Battle of Annan Moor

1333 Battle of Dornock

1335 Battle of Culblean

1356 Edward Balliol surrenders his claim to be King Scotland

Marriage of King John of Scotland and Isabella Warenne

On 9th February 1281 [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland (age 32) and [his mother] Isabella Warenne were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] John Warenne 6th Earl of Surrey (age 50) and [his grandmother] Alice Lusignan Countess of Surrey. They were fourth cousins. He a great x 5 grandson of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England.

Around 1283 King Edward I of Scotland was born to King John Balliol I of Scotland (age 34) and Isabella Warenne.

1295 The Auld Alliance

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough. We, therefore, in willing agreement with the praiseworthy intentions of the said king [[his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland (age 46)] in this matter, so that the alliance of this confederation and the fruitful bond of friendship may flourish the more fervently and endure the more firmly, being founded on better auspices and bound by stronger ties, it has been done, agreed, and concluded between us, with the will and consent of our dearest brother and faithful companion, Charles (age 24), Count of Valois and Anjou, and the aforesaid procurators, acting in the name of the said king by authority of their commission, that a marriage shall be contracted between Edward (age 12), the firstborn son of the said king, who by express agreement made with the above-mentioned procurators is to succeed the king in the kingdom of Scotland and in his other lands, and Joan (age 1), the firstborn daughter of our said brother.

Nos itaque ipsius regis votis laudabilibus in hac parte grato concurrentes animo, ut hujusmodi confoederationis affinitas et amicitiæ fructuosus contractus eo ferventius vigeat, stabiliusque perduret, quo melioribus firmatus auspiciis, nexuque constrictus fuerit fortiori; actum, conventum, et concordatum extitit inter nos, de voluntate et assensu carissimi germani et fidelis nostri Caroli Valesiæ et Andegavensis comitis, et procuratores prædictos, procuratorio nomine dicti regis, quod inter Edwardum, primogenitum filium regis ejusdem, futurum regem Scotiæ, et qui per conventionem expressam habitam cum procuratoribus antedictis successurus est eidem regi in regno Scotia et aliis terris suis, et Johannam primogenitam filiam germani nostri prædicti, matrimonium contrahetur.

On 25th November 1314 [his father] King John Balliol I of Scotland (age 65) died at Château de Hélicourt.

Battle of Wester Kinghorn

On 6th August 1332 a Scottish army led by Duncan Fife 4th Earl Fife (age 44) and Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale unsuccessfully attempted to oppose the forces of King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) landing near Kinghorn, Fife at a skirmish known as the Battle of Wester Kinghorn. Alexander Seton the Younger (age 42) was killed.

Battle of Dupplin Moor

                    On 12th August 1332 Battle of Dupplin Moor was fought between the supporters of the infant King David II of Scotland (age 8), son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland (age 49), supported by the English. The Bruce army included Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale and Domhnall Mar II Earl of Mar (age 39). The Balliol army included David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl (age 23), Ralph Stafford 1st Earl Stafford (age 30), Thomas Ughtred 1st Baron Ughtred (age 40) and Walter Manny 1st Baron Manny (age 22). The battle is notable for being the first to use dismounted men-at-arms supported by archers; a formation that would bring repeated success to the English both in Scotland and France.
                
                    Robert Bruce Lord of Liddesdale was killed leading a charge.
                
                    Nicholas Hay (age 47) was killed.
                
                    Thomas Randolph 2nd Earl Moray was killed. His brother John (age 26) succeeded 3rd Earl Moray.
                
                    Domhnall Mar II Earl of Mar was killed.

After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) stayed at Appleby Castle [Map].

After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) stayed at Brougham Castle [Map].

After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) stayed at Pendragon Castle, Cumberland.

After 12th August 1332 King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) stayed at Brough Castle [Map].

On 24th September 1332 King Edward I of Scotland (age 49) was crowned I King Scotland at Scone.

Battle of Annan Moor

On 16th December 1332 the Battle of Annan Moor was fought between the supporters of the seven year old King David II of Scotland (age 8), son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland (age 49), supported by the English. The Bruce army, led by, Archibald Douglas (age 34), supported by John Randolph 3rd Earl of Moray (age 26) and King Robert II of Scotland (age 16) surprised King Edward I of Scotland and his supporters at Annan and threw them out of Scotland.

Battle of Dornock

On 25th March 1333 the Battle of Dornock was fought between the supporters of the seven year old King David II of Scotland (age 9), son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland, and the supporters of King Edward I of Scotland (age 50), supported by the English, commanded by Ralph Dacre 1st Baron Dacre Gilsland (age 43). The English army quickly overwhelmed the Scottish force. William "Flower of Chivalry and Knight Liddesdale" Douglas 1st Earl Atholl (age 33) was captured and spent two years in prison.

All About History Books

The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.

On 19th July 1333 King Edward I of Scotland (age 50) was restored I King Scotland.

In 1334 King Edward I of Scotland (age 51) was deposed I King Scotland.

Battle of Culblean

On 30th November 1335 David III Strathbogie 11th Earl Atholl (age 26) was killed during the Battle of Culblean. His son David (age 8) succeeded 12th Earl Atholl, 3rd Baron Strabolgi.

Whilst small the battle had a significant impact insofar as it brought an end to the campaign of King Edward III of England (age 23) also ending the aspirations to the Scottish throne of King Edward I of Scotland (age 52).

Edward Balliol surrenders his claim to be King Scotland

On 20th January 1356 King Edward I of Scotland (age 73) surrendered his claim to the Scottish throne to King Edward III of England (age 43) in the presence of William Latimer 4th Baron Latimer of Corby (age 25) in exchange for an English pension.

In January 1364 King Edward I of Scotland (age 81) died at Wheatley Doncaster.