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All About History Books
The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke. Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson. Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback.
Links of Noltland
Lum Head Chambered Cairn
Pierowall Quarry Chambered Cairn
Knap of Howar
Holm of Papa Westray Chambered Cairn Centre
Holm of Papa Westray Chambered Cairn North
Holm of Papa Westray Chambered Cairn South
Westray is in Orkney Northern Islands.
Lum Head Chambered Cairn is also in Orkney Cromarty Type Chambered Cairn.
Lum Head Chambered Cairn [Map] is an Orkney-Cromarty type round cairn, known as 'The Lum Head' at about 150' OD on the east edge of a shelf looking over the north part of the island and across to Papa Westray. The mound is 5' high, turf-covered, with fairly steeply rising sides. The actual edge is indefinite but the cairn appears to have had a diameter of about 45' E-W and 55' N-S. None of the core is exposed, but the crest appears to have been removed,for in the centre is a hollow in which are exposed the tops of four upright stones which apparently represent the divisional slabs of a stalled chamber.
Holm of Papa Westray Chambered Cairn South is also in Orkney Chambered Cairns Unspecified Type.
3000BC. Holm of Papa Westray Chambered Cairn South [Map] has a number of unusual elements including the large central chamber and two 'double' side cells. It's also home to a diverse collection of Neolithic artwork. The tomb was excavated in 1849.
Archaeological Journal Volume 20 Section III. Having repeatedly and carefully examined the large Picts'-house on the Holm of Papa-Westrey [Map], which has been described by Captain Thomas, R.N., in the Archaeologia1, I discovered numerous incised marks on the walls: some of them are here figured. The markings a. (see woodcuts) occur with some others, very obscure in character, on the east side of the large chamber; those represented in the woodcut b. are on the lintel over the entrance to one of the cells. These resemble incised figures in the chambered cairns at Newgrange and Dowth in Ireland, on the rocks in Scania, and in chambered tombs at Carnac in Brittany.
Note 1. Archaeologia, vol. xxxiv., p. 127.
Pierowall Quarry Chambered Cairn is also in Orkney Chambered Cairns Unspecified Type.
Carbon Date. 2310BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as Martes martes, pine martin, PQ81, from lower levels of stone cairn at Pierowall Quarry, Westray, Orkney Isles, off Scotland. Subm J Clutton-Brock & M J Armour-Chelu. Comment (subm MJA-C): date slightly earlier than two conventional radiocarbon dates from site; excavator is satisfied that date is within use period of cairn. [Ed: NGR not given, estim from gazetteer.]
ID: 6689, C14 ID: OxA-1049 Date BP: 4310 +/- 80, Start Date BP: 4230, End BP: 4390
OS Letter: HY, OS East: 438, OS North: 488
Archaeologist Name: N Sharples
Reference Name: Archaeometry, 29, 1987, 300; Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 114, 1984.
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Creswell Crags
Derbyshire
England. Subm R M Jacobi. Comment (subm): OxA-1471
-1615 and -1937 are all for single bones of Bos primigenius; they are linked by a common preservation state and can
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Carbon Date. 2140BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as Bos, from material used in construction of structure beside ruined chambered tomb at Pierowall Quarry, Westray, Orkney, Scotland. [Ed: one text gives lab. no. incorrectly as GU-1382]
ID: 3216, C14 ID: GU-1582 Date BP: 4140 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4080, End BP: 4200
Abstract: Occupation beside ruined cairn
Archaeologist Name: N Sharples
Reference Name: Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 114, 1984, 75-125 esp 90; Renfrew C (ed), 'The prehistory of Orkney', 1985, 272
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2140BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as Bos, from secondary occupation of structure beside ruined chambered tomb at Pierowall Quarry, Westray, Orkney, Scotland. [Ed: one text gives lab. no. incorrectly as GU-1383.]
ID: 3217, C14 ID: GU-1583 Date BP: 4140 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4080, End BP: 4200
Abstract: Occupation beside ruined cairn
Archaeologist Name: N Sharples
Reference Name: Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 114, 1984, 75-125 esp 90; Renfrew C (ed), 'The prehistory of Orkney', 1985, 272
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
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Carbon Date. 2030BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as Bos, from secondary occupation of structure beside ruined chambered tomb at Pierowall Quarry, Westray, Orkney, Scotland. [Ed: one text gives lab. no. incorrectly as GU-1384.]
ID: 3218, C14 ID: GU-1584 Date BP: 4030 +/- 65, Start Date BP: 3965, End BP: 4095
Abstract: Occupation beside ruined cairn
Archaeologist Name: N Sharples
Reference Name: Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 114, 1984, 75-125 esp 90; Renfrew C (ed), 'The prehistory of Orkney', 1985, 272
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
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Carbon Date. 510BC. Early Iron Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as Bos, from occupation layer immediately preceding construction of round house at Pierowall Quarry, Westray, Orkney, Scotland.
ID: 3214, C14 ID: GU-1580 Date BP: 2510 +/- 80, Start Date BP: 2430, End BP: 2590
OS Letter: HY, OS East: 438, OS North: 490
Archaeologist Name: N Sharples
Reference Name: Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 114, 1984, 75-125 esp 90; Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 121, 1991, 205; Renfrew C (ed), 'The prehistory of Orkney', 1985, 272
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
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Carbon Date. 425BC. Middle Iron Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as Bos, from occupation layer contemporary with use of round house at Pierowall Quarry, Westray, Orkney, Scotland.
ID: 3215, C14 ID: GU-1581 Date BP: 2425 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 2365, End BP: 2485
OS Letter: HY, OS East: 438, OS North: 490
Archaeologist Name: N Sharples
Reference Name: Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 114, 1984, 75-125 esp 90; Proc Soc Antiq Scot, 121, 1991, 205; Renfrew C (ed), 'The prehistory of Orkney', 1985, 272
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
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