Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile 1037-1072

Paternal Family Tree: Jimenez

In or before 1033 [his father] Ferdinand "Great" I King Leon (age 17) and [his mother] Sancha Astur Leonese (age 14) were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] Alfonso "Noble" V King Leon and [his grandmother] Elvira González Queen Consort Leon. He the son of [his grandfather] Sancho "Great" III King Pamplona (age 38) and [his grandmother] Muniadona García Queen Consort Pamplona. They were half second cousins.

In 1037 [his uncle] Bermudo III King Leon (age 22) died. His half second cousin [his father] Ferdinand (age 22) succeeded I King Leon.

Around 1037 Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile was born to [his father] Ferdinand "Great" I King Leon (age 22) and [his mother] Sancha Astur Leonese (age 19).

On 24th December 1065 [his father] Ferdinand "Great" I King Leon (age 50) died. His son Sancho (age 28) succeeded II King Castile.

On 27th November 1067 [his mother] Sancha Astur Leonese (age 49) died.

In 1069 [his brother] Alfonso "Brave" VI King Leon VI King Castile (age 28) and [his sister-in-law] Agnes Poitiers Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Castile (age 10) were married. She the daughter of Guy William Poitiers VIII Duke Aquitaine (age 44) and Mateoda Duchess Aquitaine. He the son of [his father] Ferdinand "Great" I King Leon and [his mother] Sancha Astur Leonese.

On 12th January 1072 Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile (age 35) was crowned II King Leon. He reigned for only nine months.

Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbroke

Baker was a secular clerk from Swinbroke, now Swinbrook, an Oxfordshire village two miles east of Burford. His Chronicle describes the events of the period 1303-1356: Gaveston, Bannockburn, Boroughbridge, the murder of King Edward II, the Scottish Wars, Sluys, Crécy, the Black Death, Winchelsea and Poitiers. To quote Herbert Bruce 'it possesses a vigorous and characteristic style, and its value for particular events between 1303 and 1356 has been recognised by its editor and by subsequent writers'. The book provides remarkable detail about the events it describes. Baker's text has been augmented with hundreds of notes, including extracts from other contemporary chronicles, such as the Annales Londonienses, Annales Paulini, Murimuth, Lanercost, Avesbury, Guisborough and Froissart to enrich the reader's understanding. The translation takes as its source the 'Chronicon Galfridi le Baker de Swynebroke' published in 1889, edited by Edward Maunde Thompson.

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On 7th October 1072 Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile (age 35) died. His brother [his brother] Alfonso (age 31) succeeded VI King Castile. [his sister-in-law] Agnes Poitiers Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Castile (age 14) by marriage Queen Consort Castile.

Ancestors of Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile 1037-1072

Great x 4 Grandfather: Sancho I King Pamplona

Great x 3 Grandfather: García I King Pamplona

Great x 2 Grandfather: Sancho II King Pamplona

Great x 4 Grandfather: Galindo Aznárez II Count Aragon

Great x 3 Grandmother: Andregoto Aznárez

Great x 1 Grandfather: García Sánchez "Tremulous" II King Pamplona

Great x 3 Grandfather: Fernán González Count Castile

Great x 2 Grandmother: Urraca González Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Pamplona

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sancha Sánchez

GrandFather: Sancho "Great" III King Pamplona

Great x 2 Grandfather: Fernando Bermúdez

Great x 1 Grandmother: Jimena Fernández Bermúdez Queen Consort Pamplona

Father: Ferdinand "Great" I King Leon

Great x 1 Grandfather: Sancho García

GrandMother: Muniadona García Queen Consort Pamplona

Sancho "Strong" II King Leon II King Castile

Great x 2 Grandfather: King Ordoño III of Leon

Great x 4 Grandfather: Gutier Osóriz

Great x 3 Grandmother: Adosinda Gutiérrez Osóriz Queen Consort Leon

Great x 4 Grandmother: Ildonzia Menéndez

Great x 1 Grandfather: Bermudo "Gouty" II King Galicia II King Leon

Great x 3 Grandfather: Fernán González Count Castile

Great x 2 Grandmother: Urraca González Queen Consort Leon Queen Consort Pamplona

Great x 3 Grandmother: Sancha Sánchez

GrandFather: Alfonso "Noble" V King Leon

Great x 2 Grandfather: García Fernández of Castile

Great x 1 Grandmother: Elviro Garcia Queen Galicia

Mother: Sancha Astur Leonese

Great x 1 Grandfather: Menendo González

GrandMother: Elvira González Queen Consort Leon