Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 7th September 1863 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland was born to Thomas Dallas Yorke at Murthly Castle Perthshire.
On 6th December 1879 William John Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck 5th Duke Portland [aged 79] died unmarried at his London residence Harcourt House Cavendish Square Marylebone. He was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery [Map]. His first cousin once removed [her future husband] William [aged 21] succeeded 6th Duke Portland, 7th Earl of Portland.
On 11th June 1889 William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 31] and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 25] were married. She by marriage Duchess Portland.
On 27th February 1890 [her daughter] Victoria Alexandrina Violet Cavendish-Bentinck was born to [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 32] and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 26]. She married 25th November 1918 Michael John Erskine-Wemyss.
In 1891 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 27] became the first, and longest serving, president of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds until her death in 1954.
On 16th March 1893 [her son] William Arthur Henry Cavendish-Bentinck 7th Duke Portland was born to [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 35] and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 29]. He married 12th August 1915 his third cousin once removed Ivy Gordon-Lennox Duchess Portland and had issue.
On 7th August 1893 Augusta Mary Elizabeth Browne 1st Baroness Bolsover [aged 58] died. Her step-son Her ninth cousin [her husband] William [aged 35] succeeded 2nd Baron Bolsover of Bolsover in Derbyshire.
1899. Alice Hughes [aged 42]. Photograph of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 35] as the "Duchess of Savoy".
Around 1900 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 36] became vegetarian.
On 27th July 1900 [her son] Francis Morven Dallas Cavendish-Bentinck was born to [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 42] and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 36].
In 1902 John Singer Sargent [aged 45]. Portrait of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 38].
On 9th August 1902 King Edward VII of the United Kingdom [aged 60] was crowned VII King of the United Kingdom at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Alexandra of Denmark Queen Consort England [aged 57] was crowned Queen Consort by Archbishop William Dalrymple Maclagan [aged 76].
Winifred, Duchess of Portland [aged 38], wearing the Portland Diamond Tiara, commissioned esppecially for the event, served as a canopy bearer to Queen Alexandra.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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In 1907 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 43] was elected as the third President of the Nottinghamshire Beekeepers' Association
1912. Philip de László [aged 42]. Portrait of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 48].
1912. Philip de László [aged 42]. Portrait of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 48].
From 1913 to 1925 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 49] was Mistress of the Robes to Alexandra of Denmark Queen Consort England [aged 68].
In 1913 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 49] was appointed Mistress of the Robes to Queen Alexandra [aged 68].
On 12th August 1915 William Arthur Henry Cavendish-Bentinck 7th Duke Portland [aged 22] and Ivy Gordon-Lennox Duchess Portland [aged 28] were married. He the son of William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 57] and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 51]. They were third cousin once removed.
On 25th November 1918 [her son-in-law] Michael John Erskine-Wemyss [aged 30] and Victoria Alexandrina Violet Cavendish-Bentinck [aged 28] were married. She the daughter of William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 60] and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 55].
On 26th April 1943 [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland [aged 85] died. He was buried at St Winifred's Church, Holbeck. His son William [aged 50] succeeded 7th Duke Portland, 8th Earl of Portland, 3rd Baron Bolsover of Bolsover in Derbyshire. Ivy Gordon-Lennox Duchess Portland [aged 55] by marriage Duchess Portland.
On 22nd August 1950 [her son] Francis Morven Dallas Cavendish-Bentinck [aged 50] died.
On 30th July 1954 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland [aged 90] died. She was buried at St Winifred's Church, Holbeck.