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The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 7th September 1863 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland was born to [her father] Thomas Dallas Yorke at Murthly Castle Perthshire.
On 6th December 1879 William John Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck 5th Duke Portland (age 79) died unmarried at his London residence Harcourt House Cavendish Square Marylebone. He was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery [Map]. His first cousin once removed [her future husband] William (age 21) succeeded 6th Duke Portland, 7th Earl of Portland.
On 11th June 1889 William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 31) and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 25) were married. She by marriage Duchess Portland.
On 27th February 1890 [her daughter] Victoria Alexandrina Violet Cavendish-Bentinck was born to [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 32) and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 26). She married 25th November 1918 Michael John Erskine-Wemyss.
In 1891 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 27) became the first, and longest serving, president of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds until her death in 1954.
On 16th March 1893 [her son] William Arthur Henry Cavendish-Bentinck 7th Duke Portland was born to [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 35) and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 29). He married 12th August 1915 his third cousin once removed Ivy Gordon-Lennox Duchess Portland and had issue.
On 7th August 1893 Augusta Mary Elizabeth Browne 1st Baroness Bolsover (age 58) died. Her step-son Her ninth cousin [her husband] William (age 35) succeeded 2nd Baron Bolsover of Bolsover in Derbyshire.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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1899. Alice Hughes (age 42). Photograph of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 35) as the "Duchess of Savoy".
Around 1900 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 36) became vegetarian.
In 1900 [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 42) was appointed 812th Knight of the Garter by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (age 80).
On 27th July 1900 [her son] Francis Morven Dallas Cavendish-Bentinck was born to [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 42) and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 36).
In 1902 John Singer Sargent (age 45). Portrait of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 38).
On 9th August 1902 King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (age 60) was crowned VII King of the United Kingdom at Westminster Abbey [Map]. Alexandra Glücksburg Queen Consort England (age 57) was crowned Queen Consort by Archbishop William Dalrymple Maclagan (age 76).
Winifred, Duchess of Portland (age 38), wearing the Portland Diamond Tiara, commissioned esppecially for the event, served as a canopy bearer to Queen Alexandra.
In 1907 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 43) was elected as the third President of the Nottinghamshire Beekeepers' Association
1912. Philip de László (age 42). Portrait of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 48).
1912. Philip de László (age 42). Portrait of Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 48).
In 1913 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 49) was appointed Mistress of the Robes to Queen Alexandra (age 68).
From 1913 to 1925 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 49) was Mistress of the Robes to Alexandra Glücksburg Queen Consort England (age 68).
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
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On 12th August 1915 [her son] William Arthur Henry Cavendish-Bentinck 7th Duke Portland (age 22) and [her daughter-in-law] Ivy Gordon-Lennox Duchess Portland (age 28) were married. He the son of [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 57) and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 51). They were third cousin once removed.
On 25th November 1918 [her son-in-law] Michael John Erskine-Wemyss (age 30) and [her daughter] Victoria Alexandrina Violet Cavendish-Bentinck (age 28) were married. She the daughter of [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 60) and Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 55).
On 26th April 1943 [her husband] William Cavendish-Bentinck 6th Duke Portland (age 85) died. He was buried at St Winifred's Church, Holbeck. His son [her son] William (age 50) succeeded 7th Duke Portland, 8th Earl of Portland, 3rd Baron Bolsover of Bolsover in Derbyshire. [her daughter-in-law] Ivy Gordon-Lennox Duchess Portland (age 55) by marriage Duchess Portland.
On 22nd August 1950 [her son] Francis Morven Dallas Cavendish-Bentinck (age 50) died.
On 30th July 1954 Winifred Anna Dallas-Yorke Duchess Portland (age 90) died. She was buried at St Winifred's Church, Holbeck.