Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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Earl Cardigan is in Earldoms of England Alphabetically, Earldoms of England Chronologically, Extant Earldoms of England.
Summary
22nd April 1661. Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan [aged 78] created. See Coronation of Charles II.
16th September 1663. Son Robert Brudenell 2nd Earl Cardigan [aged 56] succeeded.
16th July 1703. Grandson George Brudenell 3rd Earl Cardigan [aged 17] succeeded.
5th July 1732. Son George Brudenell aka Montagu 1st Duke Montagu [aged 19] succeeded.
23rd May 1790. Brother James Brudenell 5th Earl Cardigan [aged 65] succeeded.
24th February 1811. Nephew Robert Brudenell 6th Earl Cardigan [aged 41] succeeded.
14th August 1837. Son James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan [aged 39] succeeded.
28th March 1868. Second Cousin George William Frederick Brudenell 2nd Marquess Ailesbury [aged 63] succeeded. See Death of Lord Cardigan.
6th January 1878. Brother Ernest Brudenell-Bruce 3rd Marquess Ailesbury [aged 66] succeeded.
18th October 1886. Grandson George William Thomas Brudenell 4th Marquess Ailesbury [aged 23] succeeded.
10th April 1894. Uncle Henry Brudenell-Bruce 5th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 51] succeeded.
10th March 1911. Son George Brudenell-Bruce 6th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 37] succeeded.
4th August 1961. Son Cedric Brudenell-Bruce 7th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 57] succeeded.
15th July 1974. Son Michael Brudenell-Bruce 8th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 48] succeeded.
12th May 2024. Son David Brudenell-Bruce 9th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 71] succeeded.
Before 1642 Robert Brudenell 2nd Earl Cardigan [aged 34] and Anna Savage Countess Cardigan were married. She by marriage Countess Cardigan. She the daughter of Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage and Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers [aged 60]. He the son of Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan [aged 58] and Mary Tresham Countess Cardigan.
John Evelyn's Diary. 22nd April 1661. Was the splendid cavalcade of his Majesty [aged 30] from the Tower of London to Whitehall, when I saw him in the Banqueting House, Whitehall Palace [Map] create six Earls, and as many Barons, viz:
Edward Lord Hyde, Lord Chancellor [aged 52], Earl of Clarendon; supported by the Earls of Northumberland [aged 58] and Sussex [aged 14]; the Earl of Bedford [aged 44] carried the cap and coronet, the Earl of Warwick [aged 46], the sword, the Earl of Newport [aged 64], the mantle.
Next, was Capel, created Earl of Essex.
Brudenell, Cardigan;.
Valentia, Anglesea;.
Greenvill, Bath;.
Howard, Earl of Carlisle.
The Barons were: Denzille Holles; Cornwallis; Booth; Townsend; Cooper; Crew; who were led up by several Peers, with Garter and officers of arms before them; when, after obedience on their several approaches to the throne, their patents were presented by Garter King-at-Arms, which being received by the Lord Chamberlain [aged 59], and delivered to his Majesty, and by him to the Secretary of State, were read, and then again delivered to his Majesty, and by him to the several Lords created; they were then robed, their coronets and collars put on by his Majesty, and they were placed in rank on both sides of the state and throne; but the Barons put off their caps and circles, and held them in their hands, the Earls keeping on their coronets, as cousins to the King.
I spent the rest of the evening in seeing the several archtriumphals built in the streets at several eminent places through which his Majesty was next day to pass, some of which, though temporary, and to stand but one year, were of good invention and architecture, with inscriptions.
Notes:
Arthur Capell 1st Earl Essex [aged 29] was created 1st Earl Essex. Elizabeth Percy Countess Essex [aged 25] by marriage Countess Essex.
Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan [aged 78] was created 1st Earl Cardigan. Mary Tresham Countess Cardigan by marriage Countess Cardigan.
Arthur Annesley 1st Earl Annesley [aged 46] was created 1st Earl Anglesey, 1st Baron Annesley Newport Pagnell Buckinghamshire. Elizabeth Altham Countess Anglesey [aged 41] by marriage Countess Anglesey.
John Granville 1st Earl Bath [aged 32] was created 1st Earl Bath, 1st Baron Granville of Kilkhampton and Biddeford.
Charles Howard 1st Earl Carlisle [aged 32] was created 1st Earl Carlisle.
Denzil Holles 1st Baron Holles [aged 61] was created 1st Baron Holles. Jane Shirley Baroness Holles by marriage Baroness Holles.
Frederick Cornwallis 1st Baron Cornwallis [aged 50] was created 1st Baron Cornwallis.
George Booth 1st Baron Delamer [aged 38] was created 1st Baron Delamer. Elizabeth Grey Baroness Delamer [aged 39] by marriage Baroness Delamer.
Horatio Townshend 1st Viscount Townsend [aged 30] was created 1st Baron Townshend of Lynn Regis in Norfolk.
Anthony Ashley-Cooper 1st Earl Shaftesbury [aged 39] was created 1st Baron Ashley of Wimborne St Giles.
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On 16th September 1663 Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan [aged 80] died. His son Robert [aged 56] succeeded 2nd Earl Cardigan, 2nd Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire. Mary Constable Countess Cardigan by marriage Countess Cardigan.
On 16th July 1703 Robert Brudenell 2nd Earl Cardigan [aged 96] died. His grandson George [aged 17] succeeded 3rd Earl Cardigan, 3rd Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire.
On 15th May 1707 George Brudenell 3rd Earl Cardigan [aged 21] and Elizabeth Bruce 3rd Countess Cardigan [aged 18] were married at St Martin in the Fields Church [Map]. She by marriage Countess Cardigan. She the daughter of Thomas Bruce 3rd Earl Elgin 2nd Earl Ailesbury [aged 51] and Elizabeth Seymour Countess Elgin and Ailesbury. They were half fourth cousin once removed.
On 5th July 1732 George Brudenell 3rd Earl Cardigan [aged 46] died. His son George [aged 19] succeeded 4th Earl Cardigan, 4th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire. Mary Montagu Duchess of Montagu [aged 21] by marriage Countess Cardigan.
On 23rd May 1790 George Brudenell aka Montagu 1st Duke Montagu [aged 77] died. Duke Montagu extinct. His brother James [aged 65] succeeded 5th Earl Cardigan, 5th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire. Elizabeth Waldegrave Countess Cardigan [aged 31] by marriage Countess Cardigan. His grandson Henry [aged 13] succeeded 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton in Northamptonshire.
On 24th February 1811 James Brudenell 5th Earl Cardigan [aged 85] died at Grosvenor Square, Belgravia. His nephew Robert [aged 41] succeeded 6th Earl Cardigan, 6th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 2nd Baron Brudenell Deene in Northamptonshire. Penelope Cooke Countess Cardigan [aged 41] by marriage Countess Cardigan.
On 14th August 1837 Robert Brudenell 6th Earl Cardigan [aged 68] died at Marylebone. His son James [aged 39] succeeded 7th Earl Cardigan, 7th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 3rd Baron Brudenell Deene in Northamptonshire. Elizabeth Tollemache Countess Cardigan [aged 39] by marriage Countess Cardigan.
On 28th September 1858 James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan [aged 60] and Adeline Horsey Countess Cardigan [aged 33] were married; she had been his mistress since 1857. She by marriage Countess Cardigan. The marriage something of a scandal since James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan had left his first wife; Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom [aged 39] refused to have Adeline at court. See My Recollections by Adeline Horsey. The difference in their ages was 27 years. He the son of Robert Brudenell 6th Earl Cardigan and Penelope Cooke Countess Cardigan.
On 28th March 1868 James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan [aged 70] died from a fall from a horse. His second cousin George [aged 63] succeeded 8th Earl Cardigan, 8th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire. Baron Brudenell Deene in Northamptonshire extinct.
On 25th May 1915 Adeline Horsey Countess Cardigan [aged 90] died.
Both were buried in St Peter's Church, Deene [Map]; he on 9th April 1868. Monument to James Brudenell 7th Earl Cardigan 1797 1868 sculpted by Joseph Boehm [aged 33]. Recumbent effigies on Sarcophagus, bronze sea horses (Brudenell Crest) at the bottom corners.
Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough
A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'
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Adeline Horsey Recollections. In 1661, Charles II rewarded his father's faithful adherent by creating him Earl of Cardigan on April 22, but the old man did not live long to enjoy his new honours, for he died at Deene [Map] in 1663, aged eighty.
On 6th January 1878 George William Frederick Brudenell 2nd Marquess Ailesbury [aged 73] died at Lockeridge House Savernake, Wiltshire. His brother Ernest [aged 66] succeeded 3rd Marquess Ailesbury, 9th Earl Cardigan, 4th Earl Ailesbury, 3rd Earl Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 3rd Viscount Savernake of Savernake Forest in Wiltshire, 9th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire. Louisa Elizabeth Horsley Beresford Marchioness Ailesbury [aged 63] by marriage Marchioness Ailesbury.
On 18th October 1886 Ernest Brudenell-Bruce 3rd Marquess Ailesbury [aged 75] died. His grandson George [aged 23] succeeded 4th Marquess Ailesbury, 10th Earl Cardigan, 5th Earl Ailesbury, 4th Earl Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 4th Viscount Savernake of Savernake Forest in Wiltshire, 10th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 5th Baron Bruce of Tottenham in Wiltshire. Dorothy Julia "Dolly Tester" Haseley Marchioness Ailesbury [aged 25] by marriage Marchioness Ailesbury. Robert Thomas Brudenell-Bruce [aged 41] inherited Deene Park, Northamptonshire [Map].
On 10th April 1894 George William Thomas Brudenell 4th Marquess Ailesbury [aged 30] died without issue. His uncle Henry [aged 51] succeeded 5th Marquess Ailesbury, 11th Earl Cardigan, 6th Earl Ailesbury, 5th Earl Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 5th Viscount Savernake of Savernake Forest in Wiltshire, 11th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 6th Baron Bruce of Tottenham in Wiltshire.
On 10th March 1911 Henry Brudenell-Bruce 5th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 68] died. His son George [aged 37] succeeded 6th Marquess Ailesbury, 12th Earl Cardigan, 7th Earl Ailesbury, 6th Earl Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 6th Viscount Savernake of Savernake Forest in Wiltshire, 12th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 7th Baron Bruce of Tottenham in Wiltshire.
On 4th August 1961 George Brudenell-Bruce 6th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 88] died. His son Cedric [aged 57] succeeded 7th Marquess Ailesbury, 13th Earl Cardigan, 8th Earl Ailesbury, 7th Earl Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 7th Viscount Savernake of Savernake Forest in Wiltshire, 13th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 8th Baron Bruce of Tottenham in Wiltshire.
On 15th July 1974 Cedric Brudenell-Bruce 7th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 70] died. His son Michael [aged 48] succeeded 8th Marquess Ailesbury, 14th Earl Cardigan, 9th Earl Ailesbury, 8th Earl Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 8th Viscount Savernake of Savernake Forest in Wiltshire, 14th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 9th Baron Bruce of Tottenham in Wiltshire.
On 12th May 2024 Michael Brudenell-Bruce 8th Marquess of Ailesbury [aged 98] died after falling from a window at his home in the Shepherd's Bush area of London. His son David [aged 71] succeeded 9th Marquess Ailesbury, 15th Earl Cardigan, 10th Earl Ailesbury, 9th Earl Bruce of Whorlton in Yorkshire, 9th Viscount Savernake of Savernake Forest in Wiltshire, 15th Baron Brudenell of Stonton in Leicestershire, 10th Baron Bruce of Tottenham in Wiltshire.