Biography of Louis XIII King France 1601-1643

On 18th August 1572 [his father] Henry IV King France [aged 18] and [his step-mother] Margaret Valois Queen Consort France [aged 19] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of King Henry II of France and Catherine Medici Queen Consort France [aged 53]. He the son of [his grandfather] Antoine King Navarre and [his grandmother] Jeanne Albret III Queen Navarre. They were second cousins.

On 17th December 1600 [his father] Henry IV King France [aged 47] and [his mother] Marie de Medici Queen Consort France [aged 25] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. The difference in their ages was 21 years. He the son of [his grandfather] Antoine King Navarre and [his grandmother] Jeanne Albret III Queen Navarre. They were fourth cousins.

On 27th September 1601 Louis XIII King France was born to [his father] Henry IV King France [aged 47] and [his mother] Marie de Medici Queen Consort France [aged 26].

On 16th July 1608 [his illegitimate half-brother] César Bourbon Vendôme 1st Duke Vendôme [aged 14] and [his sister-in-law] Françoise Lorraine Duchess Vendôme [aged 15] were married. She by marriage Duchess Vendôme. He the illegitmate son of [his father] Henry IV King France [aged 54] and Gabrielle d'Estrées. They were half third cousin once removed.

In 1609 Henry Bourbon Condé II Prince Condé [aged 20] and Charlotte Marguerite Montmorency Princess Condé [aged 14] were married. She by marriage Princess Condé. A marriage arranged by [his father] Henry IV King France [aged 55] who wanted her for a mistress; the couple travelled to Brussels to avoid his attention. He the son of Henri Bourbon Condé Prince Condé and Charlotte Catherine Tremoille Princess Condé. They were fourth cousin once removed.

In 1610 [his brother-in-law] Philip IV King Spain [aged 4] and [his sister] Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain [aged 7] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Spain. She the daughter of [his father] Henry IV King France [aged 56] and [his mother] Marie de Medici Queen Consort France [aged 34]. He the son of [his future father-in-law] Philip III King Spain [aged 31] and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain [aged 25]. They were second cousins.

On 14th May 1610 [his father] Henry IV King France [aged 56] was murdered by François Ravaillac, a Catholic zealot who stabbed him while his coach was stopped on Rue de la Ferronnerie. His son Louis [aged 8] succeeded XIII King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

On 17th November 1611 [his brother] Nicolas Henri Bourbon Duke Orléans [aged 4] died.

In 1615 Louis XIII King France [aged 13] and Anne of Austria Spain Queen Consort France [aged 13] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort of France. She the daughter of Philip III King Spain [aged 36] and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain. He the son of Henry IV King France and Marie de Medici Queen Consort France [aged 39]. They were second cousins.

Before 1622. Frans Pourbus the Younger [aged 52]. Portrait of Louis XIII King France [aged 20].

In January 1631 Frederick Cornwallis 1st Baron Cornwallis [aged 19] and Elizabeth Ashburnham [aged 18] were married. After the wedding [his brother-in-law] King Charles I [aged 30], [his sister] Henrietta Maria [aged 21] and Susan Feilding, Countess of Denbigh [aged 48] wrote to congratulate his mother Jane, Baroness Cornwallis Bacon [aged 50], and ask her to forgive him for his disobedience and return him to her favour. Denbigh said Ashburnham was her cousin "though her family be unfortunate".

On 20th February 1631 Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor [aged 22] and [his sister-in-law] Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress [aged 24] were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Bohemia. She the daughter of [his father-in-law] Philip III King Spain and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain. He the son of Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor [aged 52] and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress. They were first cousins.

On 18th November 1637 Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor [aged 29] succeeded III Holy Roman Emperor. [his sister-in-law] Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress [aged 31] by marriage Holy Roman Empress.

On 5th September 1638 [his son] Louis "Sun King" XIV King France was born to Louis XIII King France [aged 36] and [his wife] Anne of Austria Spain Queen Consort France [aged 36]. Coefficient of inbreeding 4.44%. He married 1660 his double first cousin Maria Theresa of Spain Queen Consort France, daughter of Philip IV King Spain and Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain, and had issue.

On 21st September 1640 [his son] Philip Bourbon I Duke Orléans was born to Louis XIII King France [aged 38] and [his wife] Anne of Austria Spain Queen Consort France [aged 38]. Coefficient of inbreeding 4.44%. He married (1) 31st March 1661 his first cousin Princess Henrietta Stewart Duchess Orléans, daughter of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England, and had issue (2) 16th November 1671 his half fourth cousin twice removed Elizabeth Charlotte Palatinate Simmern Duchess Orléans and had issue.

John Evelyn's Diary. 10th September 1641. I took waggon for Dort, to be present at the reception of the Queen-mother, Marie de Medicis [aged 66], Dowager of France, widow of Henry the Great, and mother to the French King, Louis XIII [aged 39], and the Queen of England [aged 31], whence she newly arrived, tossed to and fro by the various fortune of her life. From this city, she designed for Cologne, conducted by the Earl of Arundel [aged 14] and the Herr Van Bredrod. At this interview, I saw the Princess of Orange [aged 39], and the lady her daughter [aged 13], afterwards married to the House of Brandenburgh. There was little remarkable in this reception befitting the greatness of her person; but an universal discontent, which accompanied that unlucky woman wherever she went.

On 3rd July 1642 [his mother] Marie de Medici Queen Consort France [aged 67] died.

On 14th May 1643 Louis XIII King France [aged 41] died. His son Louis [aged 4] succeeded XIV King France: Capet Valois Bourbon.

Samuel Pepys' Diary. 10th November 1662. Thence by water, and so by land to my Lord Crew's, and dined with him and his brother, I know not his name; where very good discourse; among others, of France's intention to make a patriarch of his own, independent from the Pope, by which he will be able to cope with the Spaniard in all councils, which hitherto he has never done. My Lord Crew told us how he heard my Lord of Holland say that, being Embassador about the match with the Queene-Mother [aged 23] that now is, the [his nephew] King [aged 32] of France [Louis XIII, in 1624.] insisted upon a dispensation from the Pope, which my Lord Holland making a question of, and that he was commanded to yield to nothing to the prejudice of our religion, says the King of France, "You need not fear that, for if the Pope will not dispense with the match, my Bishopp of Paris shall". By and by come in great Mr. Swinfen, the Parliament-man, who, among other discourse of the rise and fall of familys, told us of Bishopp Bridgeman (brother of Sir Orlando [aged 56]) who lately hath bought a seat anciently of the Levers, and then the Ashtons; and so he hath in his great hall window (having repaired and beautified the house) caused four great places to be left for coates of armes. In one, he hath put the Levers, with this motto, "Olim". In another the Ashtons, with this, "Heri". In the next his own, with this, "Hodie". In the fourth nothing but this motto, "Cras nescio cujus". Thence towards my brother's; met with Jack Cole in Fleet Street, and he and I went into his cozen Mary Cole's (whom I never saw since she was married), and drank a pint of wine and much good discourse. I found him a little conceited, but he had good things in him, and a man may know the temper of the City by him, he being of a general conversation, and can tell how matters go; and upon that score I will encourage his acquaintance.

On 20th January 1666 [his former wife] Anne of Austria Spain Queen Consort France [aged 64] died.