Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes

Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.

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Biography of Guilio Romano 1499-1546

Guilio Romano is in Painters.

Around 1499 Guilio Romano was born.

Between 1516 and 1520. Guilio Romano (age 17). Portrait of a Young Woman. The painting by is by Raphael and Giulio Romano.

Around 1518. Guilio Romano (age 19). Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola.

Around 1523. Guilio Romano (age 24). "Madonna & Child".

Between 1537 and 1540. Guilio Romano (age 38). "The Triumph of Titus and Vespasian".

Between 1537 and 1540. Guilio Romano (age 38). "Noli me Tangere" i.e. "Do not touch me." The encounter between Mary Magdalene and the resurrected Christ follows a composition by Dürer.

Before 1546. Guilio Romano (age 46). Portrait of Margaret Palaeologina Duchess Mantua (age 35).

Margaret Palaeologina Duchess Mantua: Federico Gonzaga II Duke Mantua and she were married. She by marriage Duchess Mantua. She the daughter of William IX Marquis of Montferrat and Anne Valois Marchioness of Montferrat. On 11th August 1510 she was born to William IX Marquis of Montferrat and Anne Valois Marchioness of Montferrat. On 28th December 1566 she died at Mantua.

On 1st November 1546 Guilio Romano (age 47) died.