COI 9.375% and Higher is in Coefficient of Inbreeding.
On 28th November 1857 Alfonso XII King Spain was born to Francisco de Asís King Consort Spain (age 35) and Isabella II Queen Spain (age 27). Coefficient of inbreeding 12.16%. He married (1) 23rd January 1878 his half first cousin Maria de las Mercedes Queen Consort Spain, daughter of Antoine Orléans Duke Montpensier and Infanta Luisa Fernanda Duchess of Montpensier (2) 29th November 1879 his third cousin Maria Christina of Austria Queen Consort Spain and had issue.
Infanta Eulalia of Spain Duchess of Galliera was born to Francisco de Asís King Consort Spain and Isabella II Queen Spain. Coefficient of inbreeding 12.16%.
On 13th January 1610 Maria Anna Habsburg Spain Duchess Bavaria was born to Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 31) and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress (age 35). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.68%. She married 15th July 1635 her uncle Maximilian "The Great" Wittelsbach I Duke Bavaria I Elector Bavaria, son of William Wittelsbach V Duke Bavaria and Renata Lorraine Duchess Bavaria, and had issue.
In 1614 Leopold Wilhelm Habsburg Spain was born to Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 35) and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress (age 39). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.68%.
On 16th July 1611 Cecilia Renata Habsburg Spain was born to Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 33) and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress (age 36). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.68%.
On 25th May 1601 Archduchess Habsburg Spain was born to Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 22) and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress (age 26). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.68%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 25th May 1603 Charles Habsburg Spain was born to Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 24) and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress (age 28). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.68%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 13th July 1608 Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor was born to Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 30) and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress (age 33). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.68%. He married (1) 20th February 1631 his first cousin Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress, daughter of Philip III King Spain and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain, and had issue (2) 2nd July 1648 his first cousin Maria Leopoldine Habsburg Spain Queen Consort Bohemia and had issue (3) 30th April 1651 his second cousin twice removed Eleonora Gonzaga Queen Consort Bohemia, daughter of Charles Gonzaga Duke Nevers Duke Rethel and Maria Gonzaga Duchess of Montferrat, and had issue.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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On 1st November 1605 John Charles Habsburg Spain was born to Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 27) and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress (age 30). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.68%.
On 21st February 1462 Joanna "La Beltraneja" Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal was born to Henry IV King Castile (age 37) and Joan Aviz Queen Consort Castile (age 22). Her nickname "La Beltraneja" a reference to her supposed illegitimacy; she was suspected of being the child of Beltrán de la Cueva 1st Duke of Alburquerque (age 19). She was Henry and Joan's only child. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 11.39%. She married 1475 her uncle Alfonso "The African" V King Portugal, son of Edward "The Philosopher" I King Portugal and Eleanor Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal.
On 9th March 1539 Infante Anthony Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 36) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 32). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 3rd June 1537 John Manuel Aviz Prince Portugal was born to John III King Portugal (age 34) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 30). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. He married 1552 his double first cousin Joanna of Austria Princess Portugal, daughter of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain, and had issue.
On 6th April 1535 Infante Denis Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 32) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 28). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. He died aged one in 1537.
On 24th February 1526 Afonso Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 23) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 19). Their first child, he died on 12th April 1526. Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%.
On 15th October 1527 Maria Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 25) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 20). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. She married 12th November 1543 her double first cousin Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain, son of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain, and had issue.
On 28th April 1529 Isabel Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 26) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. She died aged less than one years old.
On 15th February 1530 Beatrice Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 27) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 23). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. She died aged less than one years old.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 1st November 1531 Manuel Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 29) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. He died aged five in 1537.
On 25th March 1533 Philip Aviz was born to John III King Portugal (age 30) and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal (age 26). Coefficient of inbreeding 11.30%. He died aged six in 1539.
On 19th October 1537 John Habsburg Spain was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 37) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 33). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 21st April 1539 Unamed Habsburg Spain was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 39) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 35). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 22nd November 1529 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 29) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 26). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 21st May 1527 Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 27) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 23). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%. He married (1) 12th November 1543 his double first cousin Maria Aviz, daughter of John III King Portugal and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal, and had issue (2) 25th July 1554 his first cousin once removed Queen Mary I of England and Ireland, daughter of King Henry VIII of England and Ireland and Catherine of Aragon Queen Consort England (3) 20th July 1559 his fourth cousin Elizabeth Valois Queen Consort Spain, daughter of King Henry II of France and Catherine Medici Queen Consort France, and had issue (4) 1570 his niece Anna of Austria Queen Consort Spain, daughter of Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress, and had issue.
On 21st June 1528 Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 28) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 24) at Madrid [Map]. Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%. She married 13th September 1548 her first cousin Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor, son of Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor and Anne Jagiellon, and had issue.
On 26th June 1535 Joanna of Austria Princess Portugal was born to Charles V Holy Roman Emperor (age 35) and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain (age 31). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%. She married 1552 her double first cousin John Manuel Aviz Prince Portugal, son of John III King Portugal and Catherine of Austria Queen Consort Portugal, and had issue.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 7th August 1649 Karl Josef Habsburg Spain Archduke Austria was born to Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor (age 41) and Maria Leopoldine Habsburg Spain Queen Consort Bohemia (deceased). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.98%.
On 14th September 1607 Charles Habsburg Spain was born to Philip III King Spain (age 29) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%.
On 16th May 1609 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Philip III King Spain (age 31) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%.
On 24th May 1610 Margaret Frances Habsburg Spain was born to Philip III King Spain (age 32) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 25). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%. She died aged six in 1617.
On 22nd September 1611 Alphonse Maurice Habsburg Spain was born to Philip III King Spain (age 33) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 26). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 22nd September 1601 Anne of Austria Spain Queen Consort France was born to Philip III King Spain (age 23) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 16). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%. She married 1615 her second cousin Louis XIII King France, son of Henry IV King France and Marie de Medici Queen Consort France, and had issue.
On 1st February 1603 Maria Habsburg Spain was born to Philip III King Spain (age 24) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 18). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%. She died aged less than one years old.
On 8th April 1605 Philip IV King Spain was born to Philip III King Spain (age 27) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 20). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%. He married (1) 1610 his second cousin Elisabeth Bourbon Queen Consort Spain, daughter of Henry IV King France and Marie de Medici Queen Consort France, and had issue (2) 1649 his niece Mariana of Austria Queen Consort Spain, daughter of Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress, and had issue.
On 18th August 1606 Maria Anna of Spain Holy Roman Empress was born to Philip III King Spain (age 28) and Margaret of Austria Queen Consort Spain (age 21). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.92%. She married 20th February 1631 her first cousin Ferdinand III Holy Roman Emperor, son of Ferdinand of Spain II Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna Wittelsbach Holy Roman Empress, and had issue.
On 21st June 1562 Frederick Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 34) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 34). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 25th January 1567 Margaret Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 39) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 38). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
Anne Boleyn. Her Life as told by Lancelot de Carle's 1536 Letter.
In 1536, two weeks after the execution of Anne Boleyn, her brother George and four others, Lancelot du Carle, wrote an extraordinary letter that described Anne's life, and her trial and execution, to which he was a witness. This book presents a new translation of that letter, with additional material from other contemporary sources such as Letters, Hall's and Wriothesley's Chronicles, the pamphlets of Wynkyn the Worde, the Memorial of George Constantyne, the Portuguese Letter and the Baga de Secrets, all of which are provided in Appendices.
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On 1st November 1549 Anna of Austria Queen Consort Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 22) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 21). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. She married 1570 her uncle Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain, son of Charles V Holy Roman Emperor and Isabel Aviz Queen Consort Spain, and had issue.
On 28th March 1551 Ferdinand Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 23) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 22). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. He died aged one in 1552.
On 18th July 1552 Rudolf II Holy Roman Emperor was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 24) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 24). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
On 15th July 1553 Ernest Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 25) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 25). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
On 5th July 1554 Elisabeth of Austria Queen Consort France was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 26) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 26). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. She married 26th November 1570 her fourth cousin Charles IX King France, son of King Henry II of France and Catherine Medici Queen Consort France, and had issue.
On 27th July 1555 Marie Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 27) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 27). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. She died aged less than one years old.
On 24th February 1557 Matthias I Holy Roman Emperor was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 29) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 28). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. He married 4th December 1611 his first cousin Anna of Austria Holy Roman Empress.
On 20th October 1557 Unamed Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 30) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 29). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. He died aged less than one years old.
Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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On 12th October 1558 Maximilian King Poland was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 31) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 30). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
On 15th November 1559 Albert Habsburg Spain VII Archduke Austria was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 32) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 31). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. He married his first cousin Infanta Isabella Habsburg Spain, daughter of Philip "The Prudent" II King Spain and Elizabeth Valois Queen Consort Spain.
On 9th May 1561 Wenceslaus Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 33) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 32). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
On 26th September 1565 Charles Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 38) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 37). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. He died aged less than one years old.
On 19th February 1564 Marie Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 36) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 35). On 26th March 1564 she died. Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%.
On 4th November 1568 Eleanor Habsburg Spain was born to Maximilian Habsburg Spain II Holy Roman Emperor (age 41) and Maria of Spain Holy Roman Empress (age 40). Coefficient of inbreeding 10.03%. She died aged eleven in 1580.
In 1468 Alfonso Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 34) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 37). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. He died aged three in 1471.
On 31st May 1469 Manuel "Fortunate" I King Portugal was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 35) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 38). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. He married (1) 1497 his first cousin once removed Isabella Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal, daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon and Isabella Queen Castile, and had issue (2) 1500 his first cousin once removed Maria Trastámara Queen Consort Portugal, daughter of Ferdinand II King Aragon and Isabella Queen Castile, and had issue (3) 16th July 1518 his first cousin twice removed Eleanor of Austria Queen Consort France Queen Consort Portugal, daughter of Philip "Handsome Fair" King Castile and Joanna "The Mad" Trastámara Queen Castile, and had issue.
In 1467 Simao Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 33) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 36). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. He died aged three in 1470.
In 1465 Catherine Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 31) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 34). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. She died aged three in 1468.
In 1464 Dinis Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 30) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 33). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. He died aged three in 1467.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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In 1462 Duarte Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 28) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 31). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. He died aged three in 1465.
In 1459 Isabella Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 25) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 28). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. She married 1472 her first cousin once removed Fernando II Duke of Braganza and had issue.
On 2nd May 1458 Eleanor Viseu Queen Consort Portugal was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 24) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 27). She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%. She married 1470 her first cousin John II King Portugal, son of Alfonso "The African" V King Portugal and Isabella Aviz Queen Consort Portugal, and had issue.
In 1450 Diogo Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 16) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 19). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%.
In 1448 John Aviz was born to Ferdinand Aviz 2nd Duke Viseu (age 14) and Beatrice Aviz Duchess Viseu (age 17). He a great x 3 grandson of King Edward III of England. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.54%.
In 1651 Thomas Cornwall 15th Baron Burford was born to Major Thomas Cornwall 14th Baron Burford and Anne Reade Baroness Burford. Coefficient of inbreeding 9.38%.