The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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Paternal Family Tree: Keppel
On 20th April 1770 [his father] George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle [aged 46] and [his mother] Anne Miller Countess Albermarle [aged 44] were married at Yattendon Castle [Map]. She by marriage Countess Albermarle. He the son of [his grandfather] William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle and [his grandmother] Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle [aged 66].
On 14th May 1772 William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle was born to [his father] George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle [aged 48] and [his mother] Anne Miller Countess Albermarle [aged 46]. He a great x 2 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 13th October 1772 [his father] George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle [aged 48] died. His son William succeeded 4th Earl Albermarle, 4th Viscount Bury in Lancashire, 4th Baron Ashford of Ashford in Kent.
Around 1786 William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 13] educated at St John's College, Cambridge University [Map].
On 9th April 1792 William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 19] and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 16] were married. She by marriage Countess Albermarle. He the son of George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle and Anne Miller Countess Albermarle [aged 66].
In 1793 [his son] William Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 20] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 16]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He died aged eleven in 1804.
On 2nd June 1794 [his son] Augustus Frederick Keppel 5th Earl Albermarle was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 22] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 18]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married 4th May 1816 Frances Steer Countess Albemarle.
Around 1798 [his daughter] Sophia Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 25] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 21]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
On 13th June 1799 [his son] George Thomas Keppel 6th Earl Albermarle was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 27] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 23]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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In 1800 [his son] Edward Southwell Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 27] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 23]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married Maria Clements, daughter of Nathaniel Clements 2nd Earl Leitrim and Mary Bermingham.
In 1803 [his daughter] Anne Amelia Keppel Countess Leicester was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 30] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 26]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married 1822 Thomas Coke 1st Earl of Leicester and had issue.
In 1804 [his son] William Keppel [aged 11] died.
In 1804 [his daughter] Mary Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 31] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 27]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married 27th February 1826 Henry Frederick Stephenson, son of Charles Howard 11th Duke of Norfolk, and had issue.
In 1809 [his son] Admiral Henry Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 36] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 32]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married 1839 Katherine Crosby and had issue.
In 1811 [his son] Thomas Robert Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 38] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 34]. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. He married Frances Barrett Lennard.
On 3rd April 1814 [his daughter] Caroline Elizabeth Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 41] and [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 38]. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland. She married before 22nd February 1841 Dean Thomas Garnier, son of Thomas Garnier, and had issue.
On 4th May 1816 Augustus Frederick Keppel 5th Earl Albermarle [aged 21] and Frances Steer Countess Albemarle were married. He the son of William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 43] and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 40].
On 14th November 1817 [his wife] Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle [aged 41] died.
In 1822 [his son-in-law] Thomas Coke 1st Earl of Leicester [aged 67] and Anne Amelia Keppel Countess Leicester [aged 19] were married. The difference in their ages was 48 years. She the daughter of William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 49] and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle.
Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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In 1824 [his daughter] Sophia Keppel [aged 26] died.
On 3rd July 1824 [his mother] Anne Miller Countess Albermarle [aged 98] died.
On 27th February 1826 [his son-in-law] Henry Frederick Stephenson [aged 35] and Mary Keppel [aged 22] were married. She the daughter of William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 53] and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle. He the illegitmate son of Charles Howard 11th Duke of Norfolk.
In 1839 Admiral Henry Keppel [aged 30] and Katherine Crosby were married. He the son of William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 66] and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle.
11th February 1840. Tuesday. Supplement to the London Gazette.
St James's Palace [Map]. February 10, 1840.
THIS day the Marriage of the QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY [aged 20] with Field Marshal His ROYAL HIGHNESS FRANCIS ALBERT AUGUSTUS CHARLES EMANUEL, DUKE OF SAXE, PRINCE OF SAXE COBOURG AND GOTHA, Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter [aged 20], was solemnized at the Chapel Royal, St James's Palace.
Field Marshal His Royal Highness the Prince Albert, attended by his Suite, proceeded from Buckingham-Palace [Map] this day, about half past eleven o'clock, to St. James's-Palace [Map], in the following order:
The first Carriage,.
Conveying General Sir George Anson, G.C.B. [aged 43]; George Edward Anson, Esq [aged 27]; and Francis Seymour, Esq [aged 26]; the Bridegroom's Gentlemen of Honour.
The second Carriage,.
Conveying the Lord Chamberlain of the Household, the Earl of Uxbridge [aged 42] (who afterwards returned to Buckingham-Palace [Map], to attend in Her Majesty's Procession), and the Officers of the Suite of His Serene Highness the Reigning Duke of Saxe Cobourg and Gotha, and the Hereditary Prince of Saxe Cobourg and Gotha, viz. Count Kolowrath [aged 62], Baron Alvensleben, and Baron De Lowenfels.
The third Carriage,.
Conveying His Royal Highness the Prince Albert, His Serene Highness the Reigning Duke of Saxe Colourg and Gotha [aged 56] (father), and the Hereditary Prince of Saxe Cobourg and Gotha [aged 21] (elder brother).
Her Majesty, attended by Her Royal Household, accompanied by Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent [aged 53], proceeded, at twelve o'clock, from Buckingham-Palace [Map] to St James's Palace [Map], in the following order:
The first Carriage,
Conveying two Gentlemen Ushers, Charles Heneage, Esq [aged 33] and the Honourable Heneage Legge [aged 51]; Yeoman of the Yeomen of the Guard, Charles Hancock, Esq,; and the Groom of the Robes, Captain Francis Seymour [aged 51].
The second Carriage,.
Conveying the Equerry in Waiting, Lord Alfred Paget [aged 23]; two Pages of Honour, Charles T. Wemyss, Esq and Henry William John Byng [aged 8], Esq j and the Groom in Waiting, the Honourable George Keppel.
The third Carriage,.
Conveying the Clerk Marshal, Colonel the Honourable H. E. G. Cavendish [aged 50]; the Vice-Chamberlain, the Earl of Belfast, G. C. H. [aged 43]; and the Comptroller of the Household, the Right Honourable George Stevens Byng [aged 33].
The fourth Carriage,.
Conveying the Woman of the Bedchamber in Waiting, Mrs. Brand [aged 60]; the Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard, the Earl of Ilchester [aged 52]; the Master of the Buck Hounds, Lord Kinaird; and the Treasurer of the Household, the Earl of Surrey [aged 48].
The fifth Carriage,.
Conyeying the Maid of Honour in Waiting, the Honourable Caroline Cocks [aged 45]; the Duchess of Kent's Lady in Waiting, Lady K Howard; the Gold Stick, General Lord Hill, G. C.B., G. C. H.; and the Lord in Waiting, Viscount Torrington [aged 27].
The sixth Carriage,.
Conveying the Lady of the Bedchamber in Waiting, the Countess of Sandwich [aged 27]; the Master of the Horse, the Earl of Albemarle, G. C.H. [aged 67]; the Lord Steward, the Earl of Erroll, K.T. G.C.H. [aged 38]; and the Lord Chamberlain, the Earl of Uxbridge.
The seventh Carriage,.
Conveying Her Most Excellent Majesty the QUEEN; Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent; and the Duchess of Sutherland, the Mistress of the Robes to Her Majesty [aged 33].
The illustrious Personages, and others composing the Procession, then assembled in the Throneroom, and, having been called over by Garter Principal King of Arms, the Processions, moyed in the following order, to the Chapel Royal:
THE PROCESSION OF THE BRIDEGROOM.
Drums and Trumpets.
Serjeant Trumpeter.
Master of the Ceremonies, Sir Robert Chester, Knt.
Lancaster Herald, George Frederick Beltz, Esq K.H [aged 65], York Herald, Charles George Young, Esq [aged 44].
The Bridegroom's Gentlemen of Honour, viz. Francis Seymour, Esq Gen. Sir George Anson, G.C B. George Edward Anson, Esq.
Vice-Chamberlain of Her Majesty's Household, The Earl of Belfast, G.C.H., Lord Chamberlain of Her Majesty's Household, The Earl of Uxbridge.
Continues...
THE QUEEN. Wearing the Collar of the Order of the Garter.
Her Majesty's Train borne by the following twelve unmarried Ladies, viz.
Lady Adelaide Paget [aged 20], Lady Caroline Amelia Gordon-Lennox [aged 20], Lady Sarah Frederica Caroline Villiers [aged 18], Lady Elizabeth Anne Georgiana Dorothea Howard [aged 23], Lady Frances Elizabeth Cowper [aged 20], Lady Ida Harriet Augusta Hay [aged 18], Lady Elizabeth West [aged 21], Lady Catherine Lucy Wilhelmina Stanhope, Lady Mary Augusta Frederica Grimston [aged 20], Lady Jane Harriet Bouverie [aged 20], Lady Eleanora Caroline Paget [aged 12], Lady Mary Charlotte Howard [aged 18].
Assisted by the Groom of the Robes, Captain Francis Seymour.
Master of the Horse, The Earl of Albemarle, G.C.H., Mistress of the Robes, The Duchess of Sutherland.
Ladies of the Bedchamber, The Marchioness of Normanby [aged 41], The Duchess of Bedford [aged 56], The Countess of Burlington [aged 28], The Countess of Sandwich, The Baroness Portman [aged 30], The Dowager Lady Lyttleton [aged 52], The Lady Barham [aged 25].
Maids of Honour, The Hon. Amelia Murray, The Hon. Harriet Pitt, The Hon. Caroline Cocks, The Hon. Henrietta Anson, The Hon. Matilda Paget, The Hon. Harriet Lister, The Hon. Sarah Mary Cavendish.
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Before 22nd February 1841 [his son-in-law] Dean Thomas Garnier [aged 31] and Caroline Elizabeth Keppel [aged 26] were married. She the daughter of William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 68] and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle.
On 22nd July 1844 [his daughter] Anne Amelia Keppel Countess Leicester [aged 41] died.
On 30th October 1849 William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle [aged 77] died. His son Augustus [aged 55] succeeded 5th Earl Albermarle, 5th Viscount Bury in Lancashire, 5th Baron Ashford of Ashford in Kent. Frances Steer Countess Albemarle by marriage Countess Albermarle.
[his daughter] Georgiana Charlotte Keppel was born to William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle and Elizabeth Southwell Countess Albermarle. She a great x 3 granddaughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland.
Kings Wessex: Great x 21 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 18 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 24 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 19 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 20 Grand Son of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 2 Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland
Kings Scotland: Great x 20 Grand Son of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 27 Grand Son of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 4 Grand Son of Henry IV King France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 25 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 2 Grandfather: Oswald Keppel 
Great x 1 Grandfather: Arnold Keppel 1st Earl Albermarle
GrandFather: William Anne Keppel 2nd Earl Albermarle
Great x 2 Grandfather: Adam Van Der Duyn
Great x 1 Grandmother: Geertruid Johanna Quirina Van Der Duyn Countess Albermarle
Father: George Keppel 3rd Earl Albermarle Great Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland 2 x Great Grand Son of King Henry VII of England and Ireland
Great x 3 Grandfather: King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland 
Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne of Denmark Queen Consort Scotland England and Ireland 
12 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland Son of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Henry IV King France 
7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Henrietta Maria Bourbon Queen Consort England 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Marie de Medici Queen Consort France 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Charles Lennox 1st Duke Richmond Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland
Great x 3 Grandfather: Guillaume de Penancoët Seigneur de Kéroualle
Great x 2 Grandmother: Louise Kéroualle 1st Duchess Portsmouth
Great x 4 Grandfather: Sébastien de Plœuc Marquis du Timeur et de Kergolay
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marie de Plœuc
GrandMother: Anne Lennox Countess Albermarle Grand Daughter of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Brudenell 1st Earl Cardigan 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Brudenell 2nd Earl Cardigan 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary Tresham Countess Cardigan 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Francis Brudenell 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Savage 1st Viscount Savage 
7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anna Savage Countess Cardigan 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Darcy 1st Countess Rivers 
9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Anne Brudenell Duchess Richmond 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Savile 1st Baron Savile 
6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Savile 1st Earl of Sussex 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Carey Baroness Savile 
6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Frances Savile 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Christopher Villiers 1st Earl Anglesey 
8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Villiers Countess Sussex 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Sheldon Countess Anglesey
William Charles Keppel 4th Earl Albermarle 2 x Great Grand Son of King Charles II of England Scotland and Ireland
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Miller 1st Baronet
Great x 2 Grandfather: John Miller 2nd Baronet
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Miller 3rd Baronet
GrandFather: John Miller 4th Baronet
Mother: Anne Miller Countess Albermarle