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Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes
Récits d’un bourgeois de Valenciennes aka The Chronicle of a Bourgeois of Valenciennes is a vivid 14th-century vernacular chronicle written by an anonymous urban chronicler from Valenciennes in the County of Hainaut. It survives in a manuscript that describes local and regional history from about 1253 to 1366, blending chronology, narrative episodes, and eyewitness-style accounts of political, military, and social events in medieval France, Flanders, and the Low Countries. The work begins with a chronological framework of events affecting Valenciennes and its region under rulers such as King Philip VI of France and the shifting allegiances of local nobility. It includes accounts of conflicts, sieges, diplomatic manoeuvres, and the impact of broader struggles like the Hundred Years’ War on urban life in Hainaut. Written from the perspective of a burgher (bourgeois) rather than a monastery or royal court, the chronicle offers a rare lay viewpoint on high politics and warfare, reflecting how merchants, townspeople, and civic institutions experienced the turbulence of the 13th and 14th centuries. Its narrative style combines straightforward reporting of events with moral and civic observations, making it a valuable source for readers interested in medieval urban society, regional politics, and the lived experience of war and governance in pre-modern Europe.
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Paternal Family Tree: Oldenburg
Maternal Family Tree: Magdalena Augusta Anhalt-Zerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg
In 1786 [her father] Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 20) and [her mother] Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 14) were married. She the daughter of [her grandfather] Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway (age 36) and [her grandmother] Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway. He the son of [her grandfather] Frederick Christian Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 64) and [her grandmother] Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine Unknown Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg.
On 28th September 1796 Caroline Amalie Oldenburg Queen Norway was born to [her father] Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 31) and [her mother] Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 25) at Copenhagen. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
On 21st June 1806 [her future husband] King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark (age 19) and Duchess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (age 21) were married. They were first cousins.
In 1810 [her future husband] King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark (age 23) and Duchess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (age 25) were divorced after her alleged affair with her singing teacher Édouard Du Puy. She was exiled; she never saw her one year old son again.
In 1814 [her future husband] King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark (age 27) succeeded I King Norway.
On 14th June 1814 [her father] Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 48) died at Augustenborg, Als Island. His son [her brother] Christian (age 15) succeeded Aug II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg.
In 1815 King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark (age 28) and Caroline Amalie Oldenburg Queen Norway (age 18) were married. She by marriage Queen Consort Norway. She the daughter of Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg and Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 43). They were half first cousin once removed. She a great x 2 granddaughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland.
In 1820 [her brother] Christian August Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 21) and [her sister-in-law] Louise Sophie Danneskiold Samsøe Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg were married. She by marriage Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg. He the son of [her father] Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg and [her mother] Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 48).
In 1839 [her husband] King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark (age 52) succeeded VIII King of Denmark. Caroline Amalie Oldenburg Queen Norway (age 42) by marriage Queen Consort Denmark.
The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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On 13th January 1843 [her mother] Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 71) died.
On 20th January 1848 [her husband] King Christian I of Norway and VIII of Denmark (age 61) died. His son [her step-son] Frederick (age 39) succeeded VII King of Denmark.
On 11th March 1869 [her brother] Christian August Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg (age 70) died. His son [her nephew] Frederick (age 39) succeeded II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg.
On 9th March 1881 Caroline Amalie Oldenburg Queen Norway (age 84) died.
Kings Wessex: Great x 23 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 20 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 26 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 21 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 22 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 2 Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Kings Scotland: Great x 22 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 29 Grand Daughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 13 Grand Daughter of Charles "Beloved Mad" VI King France
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 27 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Alexander Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg 
12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Ernest Günther Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Dorothea Schwarzburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg
Great x 2 Grandfather: Frederick William Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Philip Oldenburg 12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Christian August Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg 15 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
GrandFather: Frederick Christian Oldenburg I Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg 16 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Frederick Unknown Count Langeland
Great x 1 Grandmother: Frederikke Louise Unknown Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg
Father: Frederick Christian Oldenburg II Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg 17 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Frederick Charles Unknown Duke Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Plön
GrandMother: Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine Unknown Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg
Caroline Amalie Oldenburg Queen Norway 2 x Great Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Christian V King of Denmark and Norway 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick IV King of Denmark and Norway 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Charlotte Amalie Hesse-Kassel Queen Consort Denmark and Norway 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Christian VI King of Denmark and Norway 11 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Duke Gustav Adolph of Mecklenburg-Güstrow 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Louise of Mecklenburg Güstrow Queen Consort Denmark and Norway 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Magdalena Sibylla of Holstein Gottorp 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway 12 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
GrandFather: Christian VII King of Denmark and Norway Grand Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ernest Augustus Hanover Elector Brunswick-Lüneburg 
13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King George I Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Electress Sophia Palatinate Simmern 
Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 2 Grandfather: King George II of Great Britain and Ireland 2 x Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Wilhelm Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Celle 14 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleonore Esmier D'Olbreuse Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg
Great x 1 Grandmother: Louise Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Albert Hohenzollern 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Frederick Hohenzollern 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Mother: Louise Auguste Oldenburg Duchess Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Augustenburg Great Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ernest Augustus Hanover Elector Brunswick-Lüneburg 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: King George I Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Electress Sophia Palatinate Simmern Grand Daughter of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 2 Grandfather: King George II of Great Britain and Ireland 2 x Great Grand Son of King James I of England and Ireland and VI of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Wilhelm Hanover Duke Brunswick-Lüneburg 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Celle 14 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Eleonore Esmier D'Olbreuse Duchess Brunswick-Lüneburg
Great x 1 Grandfather: Frederick Louis Hanover Prince of Wales Son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Albert Hohenzollern 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Frederick Hohenzollern 14 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Caroline Hohenzollern Queen Consort England 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
GrandMother: Caroline Matilda Hanover Queen Consort Denmark and Norway Grand Daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Ernest "The Pious" Saxe Gotha I Duke Saxe Gotha 13 x Great Grand Son of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg I Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elisabeth Sophie Saxe Altenburg Duchess Saxe Gotha 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Frederick Saxe Coburg Altenburg II Duke Saxe Gotha Altenburg 10 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Augustus Duke of Saxe Weissenfels 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Duchess Magdalena Sibylle of Saxe Gotha Altenburg 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anna Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Augusta Saxe Coburg Altenburg 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Magdalena Augusta Anhalt-Zerbst Duchess Saxe Gotha Altenburg