The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.

Biography of King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway 1829-1907

Paternal Family Tree: Bernadotte

On 21st January 1829 King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway was born to [his father] Oscar I King Sweden and Norway (age 29).

On 6th June 1857 King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 28) and Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 20) were married.

On 16th June 1858 [his son] Gustav V King Sweden was born to King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 29) and [his wife] Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 21).

On 8th July 1859 [his father] Oscar I King Sweden and Norway (age 60) died.

On 27th February 1861 [his son] Prince Carl Duke of Västergötland was born to King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 32) and [his wife] Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 24).

On 18th September 1872 [his brother] Charles XV King Sweden IV King Norway (age 46) died. His brother Oscar (age 43) succeeded King Sweden and King Norway. [his wife] Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 36) by marriage Queen Sweden and Queen Norway.

1898. Anders Zorn (age 37). Portrait of King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 68).

On 8th December 1907 King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway (age 78) died. His son Gustav (age 49) succeeded V King Sweden.

On 30th December 1913 [his former wife] Queen Sophia of Sweden and Norway (age 77) died.

Royal Descendants of King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway 1829-1907
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

Gustav V King Sweden [1]