Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
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Lord Fleming is in Scotland Lords.
In 1451 Robert Fleming 1st Lord Fleming [aged 35] was created 1st Lord Fleming.
Between 26th March 1491 and 16th January 1493 Robert Fleming 1st Lord Fleming [aged 75] died. His grandson John [aged 26] succeeded 2nd Lord Fleming.
Around 1st November 1524 John Fleming 2nd Lord Fleming [aged 59] died. His son Malcolm [aged 30] succeeded 3rd Lord Fleming.
On 26th February 1525 Malcolm Fleming 3rd Lord Fleming [aged 31] and Janet Stewart Lady Fleming [aged 22] were married. She by marriage Lord Fleming. She the illegitmate daughter of King James IV of Scotland and Isobel Stewart. They were fifth cousins. She a great x 4 granddaughter of King Edward III of England.
On 10th September 1547 an English army commanded by Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset [aged 47] defeated a Scottish army commanded by James Hamilton 2nd Earl Arran [aged 31] and Archibald Douglas 6th Earl Angus [aged 58] at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh at Musselburgh.
The English army included John Dudley 1st Duke Northumberland [aged 43], Francis Talbot 5th Earl of Shrewsbury [aged 47], Miles Partridge and Thomas Wentworth 2nd Baron Wentworth [aged 22]. John Thynne [aged 32] and Edmund Brydges 2nd Baron Chandos [aged 25] were knighted.
William Cecil 1st Baron Burghley [aged 26] accompanied Edward Seymour 1st Duke of Somerset.
Edward Shelley of Worminghurst Park [aged 44] was killed.
John Forbes 6th Lord Forbes [aged 82], Christopher Coningsby [aged 31] and Edward Clere were killed.
John Thynne was knighted after the battle.
George Sandes [aged 29] was killed.
The Scottish army included John Gordon 11th Earl Sutherland [aged 22] who commanded the Rearguard and Gilbert Kennedy 3rd Earl Cassilis [aged 32]. John Stewart, Robert Douglas [aged 41], John Livingston, Thomas Hamilton of Priestfield and Hugh Montgomerie were killed. John Hay 4th Lord Hay was captured but soon released.
Malcolm Fleming 3rd Lord Fleming [aged 53] was killed. His son James [aged 13] succeeded 4th Lord Fleming. Barbara Hamilton Lady Fleming by marriage Lord Fleming.
Robert Graham Master of Montrose and James Gordon of Lochinvar were killed.
On 18th December 1558 James Fleming 4th Lord Fleming [aged 24] died. His brother John [aged 29] succeeded 5th Lord Fleming.
On 6th September 1572 John Fleming 5th Lord Fleming [aged 43] died at Boghall Castle, Biggar having been accidentally shot in the knee two months previously by a French soldier at Edinburgh Castle. His son John [aged 5] succeeded 6th Lord Fleming.
In 1619 John Fleming 1st Earl Wigtown [aged 52] died. His son John [aged 30] succeeded 2nd Earl Wigtown, 7th Lord Fleming. Margaret Livingston Countess Wigtown by marriage Countess Wigtown.
In 1650 John Fleming 2nd Earl Wigtown [aged 61] died. His son John succeeded 3rd Earl Wigtown, 8th Lord Fleming. Jean Drummond Countess Wigtown by marriage Countess Wigtown.
In February 1665 John Fleming 3rd Earl Wigtown died. His son John succeeded 4th Earl Wigtown, 9th Lord Fleming.
In April 1668 John Fleming 4th Earl Wigtown died. His brother William succeeded 5th Earl Wigtown, 10th Lord Fleming.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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On 8th April 1681 William Fleming 5th Earl Wigtown died. His son John [aged 8] succeeded 6th Earl Wigtown, 11th Lord Fleming.
On 10th February 1744 John Fleming 6th Earl Wigtown [aged 71] died. His brother Charles [aged 69] succeeded 7th Earl Wigtown, 12th Lord Fleming.