The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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Biography of Louis Michael van Loo 1707-1771

Louis Michael van Loo is in Painters.

On 2nd March 1707 Louis Michael van Loo was born.

Around 1738 Louis Michael van Loo (age 30). Portrait of Princess Amelia Hanover (age 26).

In 1739 Louis Michael van Loo (age 31). Portrait of Elisabeth Farnese Queen Consort Spain (age 46).

Elisabeth Farnese Queen Consort Spain: On 25th October 1692 she was born. On 24th December 1714 Philippe V King Spain and she were married. He the son of Louis "Le Grand Dauphin" Bourbon Duke Burgundy and Maria Anna Victoria Wittelsbach Duchess Burgundy. On 11th July 1766 she died.

Around 1745 Louis Michael van Loo (age 37). Portrait of Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain (age 18).

Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain: On 11th June 1726 she was born to Philippe V King Spain and Elisabeth Farnese Queen Consort Spain. On 23rd February 1745 Dauphin Louis Bourbon and she were married at the Palace of Versailles. She the daughter of Philippe V King Spain and Elisabeth Farnese Queen Consort Spain. He the son of Louis XV King France and . They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 3 grandson of King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. On 22nd July 1746 Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain died from childbirth three days after having given birth to her daughter Princess Marie Thérèse of France.

On 20th March 1771 Louis Michael van Loo (age 64) died.