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Biography of William Gascoigne 1350-1419

Paternal Family Tree: Gascoigne

Around 1350 William Gascoigne was born to [his uncle] William Gascoigne VII (age 50) and [his mother] Agnes Frank (age 25) at Gawthorpe Hall [Map].

In 1350 [his uncle] William Gascoigne VII (age 50) and [his mother] Agnes Frank (age 25) were married. The difference in their ages was 25 years.

Around 1366 [his son] William Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne (age 16) and [his future wife] Elizabeth Mowbray (age 16) at Gawthorpe Hall [Map].

After 1369 [his mother] Agnes Frank (deceased) died.

Before 1396 [his daughter] Elizabeth Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne (age 45) and [his wife] Elizabeth Mowbray (age 45). She married John Aske and had issue.

Before 1396 William Gascoigne (age 45) and Elizabeth Mowbray (age 45) were married.

In 1396 [his wife] Elizabeth Mowbray (age 46) died.

Chronicle of Walter of Guisborough

A canon regular of the Augustinian Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, formerly known as The Chronicle of Walter of Hemingburgh, describes the period from 1066 to 1346. Before 1274 the Chronicle is based on other works. Thereafter, the Chronicle is original, and a remarkable source for the events of the time. This book provides a translation of the Chronicle from that date. The Latin source for our translation is the 1849 work edited by Hans Claude Hamilton. Hamilton, in his preface, says: 'In the present work we behold perhaps one of the finest samples of our early chronicles, both as regards the value of the events recorded, and the correctness with which they are detailed; Nor will the pleasing style of composition be lightly passed over by those capable of seeing reflected from it the tokens of a vigorous and cultivated mind, and a favourable specimen of the learning and taste of the age in which it was framed.'

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After 1396 William Gascoigne (age 46) and Joan Pickering (age 26) were married. The difference in their ages was 20 years.

On 15th November 1400 William Gascoigne (age 50) was appointed Chief Justice of the King's Bench.

Around 1401 [his daughter] Agnes Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne (age 51) and [his wife] Joan Pickering (age 31) at Harewood. She married in or before 1417 Robert Constable and had issue.

In 1404 [his son] James Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne (age 54) and [his wife] Joan Pickering (age 34).

Northern Rising

On 3rd June 1405 Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter (age 28) arrived at York [Map]. The King denied the accused trial by their peers. Thomas Fitzalan 10th Earl of Surrey 5th or 12th Earl of Arundel (age 23) and Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter sat in judgement of Archbishop Richard Scrope (age 55) and Thomas Mowbray 4th Earl Norfolk 2nd Earl Nottingham (age 19). William Gascoigne (age 55) refused to pronounce sentence on Archbishop Richard Scrope and Thomas Mowbray 4th Earl Norfolk 2nd Earl Nottingham asserting their right to be tried by their peers.

Around March 1405 William Gascoigne (age 55) refused to pass sentence on Archbishop Richard Scrope (age 55) and Thomas Mowbray 4th Earl Norfolk 2nd Earl Nottingham (age 19) who were accused of involvement in the Northern Rising asserting their right to be tried by peers. They were both subsequently executed.

In 1407 [his son] Christopher Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne (age 57) and [his wife] Joan Pickering (age 37).

Around 1410 [his son] Robert Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne (age 60) and [his wife] Joan Pickering (age 40).

Around 1413 [his son] Richard Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne (age 63) and [his wife] Joan Pickering (age 43).

The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy

The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.

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In or before 1417 [his son-in-law] Robert Constable (age 31) and [his daughter] Agnes Gascoigne (age 15) were married.

On 17th December 1419 William Gascoigne (age 69) died at Gawthorpe Hall [Map]. He was buried at All Saints Church Harewood [Map] with his wife [his former wife] Elizabeth Mowbray. He in judges robes with a gypciere. She wearing an elaborate Crespine Headress.

Elizabeth Mowbray: In 1350 she was born to Alexander Mowbray. Before 1396 William Gascoigne and she were married. In 1396 Elizabeth Mowbray died.

Around June 1426 [his former wife] Joan Pickering (age 56) died.

[his daughter] Joane Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne and Elizabeth Mowbray.

[his daughter] Agnes Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne and Elizabeth Mowbray.

[his son] Robert Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne and Elizabeth Mowbray.

[his daughter] Margaret Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne and Elizabeth Mowbray.

[his son] Richard Gascoigne was born to William Gascoigne and Elizabeth Mowbray.

Royal Descendants of William Gascoigne
Number after indicates the number of unique routes of descent. Descendants of Kings and Queens not included.

Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom [7]

Queen Consort Camilla Shand [5]

Diana Spencer Princess Wales [24]

Catherine Middleton Princess of Wales [1]

Ancestors of William Gascoigne

William Gascoigne

Mother: Agnes Frank