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Biography of Archibald Douglas 2nd Duke Touraine 1390-1439

Paternal Family Tree: Douglas

Maternal Family Tree: Mary Margaret Montifex 1330-1424

1403 Battle of Shrewsbury

1424 Battle of Verneuil

1425 Purge of the Albany Stewarts

Before 1390 [his father] Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 17) and [his mother] Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine were married. She the daughter of [his grandfather] King Robert III of Scotland (age 52) and [his grandmother] Annabella Drummond Queen Consort Scotland (age 39). He the son of [his grandfather] Archibald "Grim" Douglas 3rd Earl Douglas (age 60) and [his grandmother] Joanna Strathearn Countess Douglas. They were half third cousin once removed. She a great x 5 granddaughter of King John of England.

In 1390 [his brother-in-law] John Stewart 2nd Earl Buchan (age 9) and [his sister] Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney were married. She the daughter of [his father] Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 18) and [his mother] Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine. He the son of Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany (age 50) and Muriella Keith Duchess Albany (age 32). They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England.

In 1390 Archibald Douglas 2nd was born to [his father] Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 18) and [his mother] Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine.

Around December 1400 [his grandfather] Archibald "Grim" Douglas 3rd Earl Douglas (age 70) died at Threave Castle. His son [his father] Archibald (age 28) succeeded 4th Earl Douglas. [his mother] Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine by marriage Countess Douglas.

        
                    Letters. 1403. Letter XXX. Christine Dunbar Countess of March to Henry IV (age 35).
                
                    My most excellent and redoubted sovereign lord,.
                
                    I recommend myself to you as entirely as terrestrial creature can think or devise to the crowned king of the world, humbly thanking you on my knees for the high favours and benefits that you have conferred upon me before this time, piously supplicating for your gracious continuance, and particularly for the gracious refreshment which you lately sent. May God reward you for it, since I cannot.
                
                    My most gracious lord, may it please you to know that my lord my husband (age 65) and I have been in such hardships and distress since we were banished from our country, that I am yet involved in heavy debt, from which without your gracious aid and succour I cannot deliver myself; and now the pestilence is so violent and severe where we are, that I am very fearful lest I shoald die in this great debt that I have incurred. And by no intreaty that we can make can we obtain sufferance from our enemies to retire to our fortress of Colbrandspath [Map], there to wait till the mortality has ceased. And for this cause I humbly entreat your high royal majesty that you will be pleased to have me in remembrance when you shall find leisure, and help me, that by your gracious relief I may be freed from the debt which makes me sad. Besides this, my most redoubted and gracious lord, we suffer great enmity on account of the death of Sir Henry Percy (age 38), which oftentimes is so heavy to my husband and his people, that they wish themselves dead, if they may not retire from this country, seeing that the people of the said Sir Henry Percy do nothing but hear comfortable news of you, in order then to do the malice that is in their hearts. And, my most gracious and sovereign lord, touching the capture of our people by those attending on the Earl of Douglas (age 13) deign to give credence to the bearer of this, and ordain such remedy as you please, according to what the said bearer shall tell you by word of mouth. And I pray most earnestly the ever-blessed God of Heaven to grant you a long life, with all increase of honour and joy, together with victory over yoar enemies; and after this mprtal life may he grant you the kingdom of glory. Amen.
                
                    Your humble oratrice, The Countess of March of Scotland.

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Battle of Shrewsbury

                    On 21st July 1403 King Henry IV of England (age 36), with his son the future King Henry V of England (age 16), defeated the rebel army of Henry "Hotspur" Percy (age 39) at the Battle of Shrewsbury at the site now known as Battlefield, Shrewsbury [Map]. King Henry V of England took an arrow to the side of his face. John Stanley (age 53) was wounded in the throat. Thomas Strickland (age 36) fought and was awarded £38 and two of the rebel Henry's horses. Richard Beauchamp 13th Earl Warwick (age 21) fought for the King. Walter Blount (age 55), the King's Standard Bearer, was killed by [his father] Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 31).
                
                    Thomas Wendesley (age 59), Edmund Cockayne (age 47) and Robert Goushill were killed.
                
                    Edmund Stafford 5th Earl Stafford (age 25) was killed. His son Humphrey Stafford  succeeded 6th Earl Stafford, 7th Baron Stafford.
                
                    Hugh Shirley (age 52) was killed; he was one of four knights dressed as King Henry IV of England.
                
                    Of the rebels, Henry "Hotspur" Percy, Madog Kynaston (age 43) and John Clifton were killed.
                
                    Thomas Percy 1st Earl of Worcester (age 60) was beheaded after the battle. Earl Worcester extinct.
                
                    Richard Vernon 11th Baron Shipbrook (age 48) was hanged. Baron Shipbrook forfeit.
                
                    John Rossall was killed. His sister Eleanor Rossall (age 26) inherited a half-share in the Rossall Shrewsbury [Map] estates.
                
                    John Massey (age 65) was killed.

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On 3rd September 1420 Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany (age 80) died at Stirling Castle [Map]. His son Murdoch (age 58) succeeded 2nd Duke Albany. His son [his brother-in-law] John (age 39) succeeded 2nd Earl Buchan. [his sister] Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney by marriage Countess Buchan.

Around 1424 Archibald Douglas 2nd (age 34) and Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton (age 16) were married. She by marriage Duchess Touraine, Countess Wigtown. She the daughter of Patrick Graham and Eupheme Stewart 2nd Countess of Strathearn and Caithness. He the son of Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 52) and Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine. They were half second cousins.

Around 1424 [his son] William Douglas 3rd Duke Touraine was born to Archibald Douglas 2nd (age 34) and [his wife] Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton (age 16). He married his third cousin Janet Lindsay Countess Wigtown, daughter of David Lindsay 3rd Earl Crawford.

On 29th April 1424 [his father] Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 52) was created 1st Duke Touraine by Charles "Victorious" VII King France (age 21); he was the first non-Frenchman to be appiinted Duke in France. Charles had also appointed him Lieutenant General in the waging of war in the Kingdom of France. [his mother] Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine by marriage Duchess Touraine.

On 17th August 1424 Archibald Douglas 2nd (age 34) succeeded 2nd Duke Touraine, 2nd Earl Wigtown, 5th Lord Douglas, 2nd Lord Annandale, 2nd Lord Galloway, 2nd Lord Bothwell.

Battle of Verneuil

                    On 17th August 1424 the English forces led by John Lancaster 1st Duke Bedford (age 35) inflicted a significant defeat on the French and Scottish army at the Battle of Verneuil; a second Agincourt. For the English Edmund Hungerford (age 15), Ralph Longford (age 23), John "Old Talbot" Talbot 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (age 41) and Richard Waller (age 29) fought.
                
                    On the French and Scottish side Pierre Valois, [his father] Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine (age 52), his son [his brother] James Douglas,  William Seton Master of Seton (age 34), Alexander Home of Home and Dunglas (age 56) were killed
                
                    [his brother-in-law] John Stewart 2nd Earl Buchan (age 43) was killed. His brother Robert (age 39) de jure Earl Ross and Earl Buchan although he didn't claim the title since both titles had reverted to the Crown.
                
                    Jean Poton Xaintrailles (age 34) fought.

1425 Purge of the Albany Stewarts

On 18th May 1425 Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany (age 63), his two sons Walter Stewart (age 25) and Alexander Stewart, and Duncan Lennox 8th Earl Lennox (age 80) were tried at Stirling Castle [Map] in the presence of [his uncle] King James I of Scotland (age 30).

The jury which condemned them was composed of 21 knights and peers, including Albany's half-uncle Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness (age 65), first cousin Alexander Stewart 1st Earl of Mar (age 50), first cousins once-removed Archibald Douglas 2nd (age 35), and Alexander, Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles.

Around 1st May 1427 [his brother-in-law] Thomas Stewart and [his sister] Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney were married. She the daughter of [his father] Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine and [his mother] Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine. He the son of Alexander Stewart 1st Earl of Mar (age 52). They were second cousins.

On 6th September 1427 [his brother-in-law] Malise Graham 3rd Earl Strathearn 1st Earl Menteith (age 20) was created 1st Earl Menteith, with remainder to the heirs male of his body, probably in compensation for the loss of the Earldom of Strathearn.

Around 1430 [his son] David Douglas was born to Archibald Douglas 2nd (age 40) and [his wife] Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton (age 22). He died aged ten in 1440.

Around 1434 [his mother-in-law] Eupheme Stewart 2nd Countess of Strathearn and Caithness died. Her son [his brother-in-law] Malise (age 27) succeeded Earl Strathearn.

Around 1435 [his daughter] Margaret "Fair Lady of Galloway" Douglas Countess was born to Archibald Douglas 2nd (age 45) and [his wife] Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton (age 27). She married (1) before 22nd February 1452 her first cousin once removed William Douglas 8th Earl Douglas 2nd Earl Avondale, son of James "Gross" Douglas 7th Earl Douglas 1st Earl Avondale and Beatrix Sinclair Countess Douglas and Avondale (2) before 1455 her first cousin once removed James Douglas 9th Earl Douglas 3rd Earl Avondale, son of James "Gross" Douglas 7th Earl Douglas 1st Earl Avondale and Beatrix Sinclair Countess Douglas and Avondale (3) 1459 her half fifth cousin John Stewart 1st Earl Atholl, son of James "Black Knight of Lorn" Stewart and Joan Beaufort Queen Consort Scotland, and had issue.

On 26th June 1439 Archibald Douglas 2nd (age 49) died. His son William (age 15) succeeded 3rd Duke Touraine, 3rd Earl Wigtown, 6th Lord Douglas, 3rd Lord Annandale, 3rd Lord Galloway, 3rd Lord Bothwell. Janet Lindsay Countess Wigtown (age 12) by marriage Countess Wigtown.

After 25th February 1440 James Hamilton 1st Lord Hamilton (age 25) and [his former wife] Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton (age 32) were married. She the daughter of Patrick Graham and [his former mother-in-law] Eupheme Stewart 2nd Countess of Strathearn and Caithness.

Around 1468 [his former wife] Euphemia Graham Lady Hamilton (age 60) died.