Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Paternal Family Tree: Stewart
Maternal Family Tree: Margaret Graham 2nd Countess Menteith and Mar 1360
After 21st November 1348 John Murray and [his mother] Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith [aged 14] were married. See Dispensation. She the daughter of [his grandfather] John Graham Earl Menteith and [his grandmother] Margaret Graham 2nd Countess Menteith and Mar. They were third cousin twice removed.
Around 1359 John Drummond of Stobhall 11th Thane of Lennox [aged 41] and [his mother] Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith [aged 25] were married. See Dispensation which appears to have been sought and given after the marriage. She the daughter of [his grandfather] John Graham Earl Menteith and [his grandmother] Margaret Graham 2nd Countess Menteith and Mar.
On 28th September 1361 [his father] Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 21] and [his mother] Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith [aged 27] were married. He by marriage Earl Menteith. See Dispensation. She the daughter of [his grandfather] John Graham Earl Menteith and [his grandmother] Margaret Graham 2nd Countess Menteith and Mar. He the son of King Robert II of Scotland [aged 45] and Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland. They were fourth cousin once removed. He a great x 4 grandson of King John of England.
In 1362 Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany was born to Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 22] and Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith [aged 28].
Around 1380 [his mother] Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith [aged 46] died. She was buried at Inchmahome Priory [Map].
In 1381 [his father] Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 41] and [his step-mother] Muriella Keith Duchess Albany [aged 23] were married. He the son of [his grandfather] King Robert II of Scotland [aged 64] and [his grandmother] Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland.
In 1390 [his half-brother] John Stewart 2nd Earl Buchan [aged 9] and [his sister-in-law] Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney were married. She the daughter of Archibald Douglas 1st Duke Touraine [aged 18] and Margaret Stewart Duchess Touraine. He the son of [his father] Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 50] and [his step-mother] Muriella Keith Duchess Albany [aged 32]. They were first cousin once removed. He a great x 5 grandson of King John of England.
In or before 1392 Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 29] and Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany were married. She by marriage Duchess Albany. She the daughter of Duncan Lennox 8th Earl Lennox [aged 46]. He the son of Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 51] and Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith.
Around 1392 [his son] Isabel Stewart was born to Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 30] and [his wife] Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany.
Jean de Waurin's Chronicle of England Volume 6 Books 3-6: The Wars of the Roses
Jean de Waurin was a French Chronicler, from the Artois region, who was born around 1400, and died around 1474. Waurin’s Chronicle of England, Volume 6, covering the period 1450 to 1471, from which we have selected and translated Chapters relating to the Wars of the Roses, provides a vivid, original, contemporary description of key events some of which he witnessed first-hand, some of which he was told by the key people involved with whom Waurin had a personal relationship.
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Around 1393 [his son] Robert Stewart was born to Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 31] and [his wife] Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany.
In 1394 [his father] Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 54] was created 1st Earl Buchan. [his step-mother] Muriella Keith Duchess Albany [aged 36] by marriage Countess Buchan.
Around 1395 [his son] Walter Stewart was born to Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 33] and [his wife] Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany at Lennox.
Around 1395 [his son] James "Fat aka Seamas Mòr" Stewart was born to Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 33] and [his wife] Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany.
Around 1397 [his son] Alexander Stewart was born to Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 35] and [his wife] Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany. He married his half first cousin once removed Egidia "Fair Maid of Nithsdale" Douglas Countess Orkney, daughter of William "Nithsdale" Douglas and Princess Egidia Stewart.
In 1398 [his father] Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 58] was created 1st Duke Albany. [his step-mother] Muriella Keith Duchess Albany [aged 40] by marriage Duchess Albany.
Scotichronicon Book 15 Chapter 14. [14th September 1402]. In that battle the following were captured: Sir Murdoch Stewart [aged 40], eldest son of the governor; the second Sir Archibald earl of Douglas [aged 30], who lost an eye; Thomas earl of Moray [aged 31] and George earl of Angus [aged 22], the last of whom [soon] died from an epidemic of plague in England. Besides these the following knights were also taken prisoner there: Sir Robert Erskine of Alloa; Sir William Abernethy of Saltoun; Sir James Douglas master of Dalkeith and his two brothers James and William; Sir William Airth of that Ilk with his son and heir Hugh; Sir John Stewart of Lorn; Sir John Seton of that IIk; Sir William Sinclair of Herdmanston; Sir George Leslie of Rothes; Sir James Sinclair of Longformacus with his son John; Sir Patrick Dunbar of Biel; Sir Alexander Home of Dunglass; Sir Adam Forrester of Corstorphine; Sir William Stewart of Angus; Sir Robert Stewart of Durisdeer; Sir Walter Bickerton of Luffness; Sir Robert Logan of Restalrig; Sir John Ramsay of Carnock; Sir Elias de Kinninmonth of that Ilk; Sir Laurence Ramsay of Clatto; Sir John Ker of Samuelston; Sir Fergus MacDowall of Galloway, with various others, on the feast of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. What more can be said? The flower as it were of the fighting men of the whole realm of Scotland was captured and ransomed.
On 3rd September 1420 [his father] Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany [aged 80] died at Stirling Castle [Map]. His son Murdoch [aged 58] succeeded 2nd Duke Albany. His son [his half-brother] John [aged 39] succeeded 2nd Earl Buchan. [his sister-in-law] Elizabeth Douglas Countess Buchan and Orkney by marriage Countess Buchan.
In 1421 [his son] Robert Stewart [aged 28] died.
On 22nd March 1421 the Dauphin's [aged 18] French army and a Scottish army heavily defeated the English army at the Battle of Baugé. On the French side Étienne Vignolles "La Hire" fought. On the Scottish side [his half-brother] John Stewart 2nd Earl Buchan [aged 40] and John Stewart of Darnley 1st Count Évreux [aged 41] fought. William Douglas [aged 37] was killed.
On the English side John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset [aged 18], Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter [aged 44], Thomas Beaufort Count Perche [aged 16] and John Holland 2nd Duke Exeter [aged 26] were captured. John Beaufort 1st Duke of Somerset would be captive for the next seventeen years. Thomas Beaufort 1st Duke Exeter was released in 1422. Thomas Beaufort Count Perche was released around 1427 in a prisoner exchange.
Thomas Lancaster 1st Duke of Clarence [aged 33] was killed in battle. Duke Clarence extinct.
John Lumley [aged 38] was killed in battle.
John Ros 7th Baron Ros Helmsley [aged 24] was killed in battle. His brother Thomas [aged 13] succeeded 8th Baron Ros Helmsley.
William Ros [aged 23], and Gilbert V Umfraville were killed.
John Grey 1st Earl Tankerville [aged 37] was killed in battle. His son Henry [aged 3] succeeded 2nd Earl Tankerville.
William Douglas 1st Lord Drumlanrig was present.
Following the Battle of Verneuil at which [his half-brother] John Stewart 2nd Earl Buchan, brother of Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 63] and key ally of the Albany Stewarts, was killed, King James I of Scotland [aged 30] felt able to take action against the Albany Stewarts for their protracted regency whilst James was hostage in England.
Before 18th May 1425 Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 63] and his younger son Alexander Stewart [aged 28] were arrested and confined in St Andrew's Castle then moved to Caerlaverock Castle [Map]. His wife was arrested at the family's home of Doune Castle and imprisoned at Tantallon Castle.
Murdoch's son James "Fat aka Seamas Mòr" Stewart [aged 30] led the men of Lennox and Argyll in open rebellion against the crown. He attacked and burned the burgh of Dumbarton with much loss of life.
On 18th May 1425 Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 63], his two sons Walter Stewart [aged 30] and Alexander Stewart [aged 28], and Duncan Lennox 8th Earl Lennox [aged 80] were tried at Stirling Castle [Map] in the presence of King James I of Scotland [aged 30].
The jury which condemned them was composed of 21 knights and peers, including Albany's half-uncle Walter Stewart 1st Earl Atholl 3rd Earl Caithness [aged 65], first cousin Alexander Stewart 1st Earl of Mar [aged 50], first cousins once-removed Archibald Douglas 2nd Duke Touraine [aged 35], and Alexander, Earl of Ross and Lord of the Isles.
Abbot John Whethamstede’s Chronicle of the Abbey of St Albans
Abbot John Whethamstede's Register aka Chronicle of his second term at the Abbey of St Albans, 1451-1461, is a remarkable text that describes his first-hand experience of the beginning of the Wars of the Roses including the First and Second Battles of St Albans, 1455 and 1461, respectively, their cause, and their consequences, not least on the Abbey itself. His text also includes Loveday, Blore Heath, Northampton, the Act of Accord, Wakefield, and Towton, and ends with the Coronation of King Edward IV. In addition to the events of the Wars of the Roses, Abbot John, or his scribes who wrote the Chronicle, include details in the life of the Abbey such as charters, letters, land exchanges, visits by legates, and disputes, which provide a rich insight into the day-to-day life of the Abbey, and the challenges faced by its Abbot.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
On 24th May 1425 [his son] Alexander Stewart [aged 28] and [his father-in-law] Duncan Lennox 8th Earl Lennox [aged 80] were beheaded at Heading Hill at Stirling Castle.
On 25th May 1425 Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany [aged 63] and his son Walter Stewart [aged 30] were beheaded at Heading Hill at Stirling Castle.
In 1458 [his former wife] Isabel Countess Lennox Duchess Albany died.
Kings Wessex: Great x 10 Grand Son of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 6 Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 12 Grand Son of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 7 Grand Son of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings England: Great x 5 Grand Son of King John of England
Kings Scotland: Grand Son of King Robert II of Scotland
Kings France: Great x 11 Grand Son of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 15 Grand Son of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: Walter Stewart 3rd High Steward
Great x 3 Grandfather: Alexander Stewart 4th High Steward
2 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Bethóc Angus Great Grand Daughter of King David I of Scotland
Great x 2 Grandfather: James Stewart 5th High Steward
3 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 1 Grandfather: Walter Stewart 6th High Steward
4 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Mór Burgh 1st Baron Connaught
Great x 3 Grandfather: Walter Burgh 1st Earl of Ulster
8 x Great Grand Son of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Great x 4 Grandmother: Egidia Lacy Baroness Connaught
7 x Great Grand Daughter of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Great x 2 Grandmother: Egidia Burgh
9 x Great Grand Daughter of Maredudd ab Owain King Deheubarth King Powys King Gwynedd
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Fitzgeoffrey
Great x 3 Grandmother: Aveline Fitzjohn Countess Ulster 8 x Great Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Bigod
7 x Great Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
GrandFather: King Robert II of Scotland
Grand Son of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Bruce 5th Lord Annandale 2 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 3 Grandfather: Robert Bruce Earl Carrick 3 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Isabel Clare Lady Annandale
3 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandfather: King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland 4 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Niall Carrick 2nd Earl Carrick
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marjorie Carrick 3rd Countess Carrick 3 x Great Grand Daughter of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Stewart Countess Carrick
2 x Great Grand Daughter of King David I of Scotland
Great x 1 Grandmother: Marjorie Bruce Daughter of King Robert the Bruce I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Donald Mar 6th Earl of Mar
Great x 3 Grandfather: Donald Mar 7th Earl of Mar
Great x 2 Grandmother: Isabella Mar Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Llewellyn "The Great" Aberffraw Grand Son of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elen ferch Llewellyn Aberffraw Countess Huntingdon and Mar Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Plantagenet
Daughter of King John of England
Father: Robert Stewart 1st Duke Albany
Son of King Robert II of Scotland
Great x 1 Grandfather: Adam Mure
GrandMother: Elizabeth Mure Queen Consort Scotland
Murdoch Stewart 2nd Duke Albany
Grand Son of King Robert II of Scotland
Mother: Margaret Graham 3rd Countess Menteith
7 x Great Grand Daughter of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandfather: Walter "Freckled" Menteith 1st Earl Menteith
2 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 3 Grandfather: Alexander Menteith I Earl Menteith
3 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 4 Grandmother: Mary Menteith I Countess Menteith
Great x 2 Grandfather: Alan I Earl Menteith
4 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
Great x 1 Grandfather: Alan II Earl Menteith
5 x Great Grand Son of King David I of Scotland
GrandMother: Margaret Graham 2nd Countess Menteith and Mar
6 x Great Grand Daughter of King David I of Scotland