Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall
The Chronicle of Abbot Ralph of Coggeshall (Chronicon Anglicanum) is an indispensable medieval history that brings to life centuries of English and European affairs through the eyes of a learned Cistercian monk. Ralph of Coggeshall, abbot of the Abbey of Coggeshall in Essex in the early 13th century, continued and expanded his community’s chronicle, documenting events from the Norman Conquest of 1066 into the tumultuous reign of King Henry III. Blending eyewitness testimony, careful compilation, and the monastic commitment to record-keeping, this chronicle offers a rare narrative of political intrigue, royal power struggles, and social upheaval in England and beyond. Ralph’s work captures the reigns of pivotal figures such as Richard I and King John, providing invaluable insights into their characters, decisions, and the forces that shaped medieval rule. More than a simple annal, Chronicon Anglicanum conveys the texture of medieval life and governance, making it a rich source for scholars and readers fascinated by English history, monastic authorship, and the shaping of the medieval world.
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Preston, Midlothian is in Midlothian.
The 1745 Cairn [Map] marks the location of the Battle of Prestonpans fought on 21st September 1745.

The Thorntree Monument [Map] marks the location of the last stand of Colonel James Gardiner [aged 57] during the Battle of Prestonpans on 21st September 1745.
Colonel James Gardiner: On 11th January 1688 he was born to William Gardiner. 1726 he and Frances Erskine were married. She the daughter of David Erskine 9th Earl Buchan and Frances Fairfax Countess Buchan.

