Chronicle of the Abbey of Evesham

The Chronicle of the Abbey of Evesham is a remarkable medieval history of one of England’s great Benedictine monasteries. Beginning with the abbey’s legendary and royal foundations, it traces the fortunes of Evesham through centuries of religious devotion, political conflict, legal struggle, rebuilding, reform, and royal patronage. At the heart of the chronicle is the abbey’s determination to defend its ancient liberties. Its monks record disputes with bishops, appeals to popes and papal legates, contested elections of abbots, lawsuits over lands and privileges, and the long struggle to preserve Evesham’s exemption from episcopal control. Alongside these institutional battles are vivid accounts of saints and miracles, including St Ecgwine, St Odulf and the royal martyr St Wistan, whose relics and cult formed an important part of the abbey’s identity. The chronicle also preserves a wealth of detail about everyday monastic life. It describes the building and repair of churches, cloisters, chapels, halls, mills, granges and fishponds; the acquisition of estates and revenues; the making of vestments, shrines, bells and liturgical books; and the provision of food, clothing, recreation and medical care for the monks. Successive abbots emerge not merely as religious superiors but as administrators, builders, patrons, diplomats and defenders of the community. Extending into the later Middle Ages, the narrative reflects the changing political world around Evesham, from the Norman Conquest and the Angevin kings to the Wars of the Roses and the reign of Henry VIII. The result is both a history of a single monastery and a richly detailed record of medieval English religious, legal, economic and political life. This edition offers modern readers direct access to one of the most important monastic chronicles of medieval England, revealing how the monks of Evesham understood their saints, their privileges, their rulers and their place in history.

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Joanna Hiffernan 1843-1903

In 1843 Joanna Hiffernan was born at Limerick.

1860 to 1864. James Abbott McNeill Whistler [aged 25]. Drawing of Joanna Hiffernan [aged 17].

1861 to 1863. James Abbott McNeill Whistler [aged 26]. "Symphony in White, No. 1" aka "The White Girl". Model Joanna Hiffernan [aged 18].

1861. James Abbott McNeill Whistler [aged 26]. Drawing of Joanna Hiffernan [aged 18].

Letters of James McNeill Whistler 1863. 31st May 1863. 7 Lindsey Row Old Chelsea. Sunday

Dear Sandys [aged 34] -

You have done the proper thing thoroughly and I only wish I could accept your jolly invitation and do the yachting and eat the dinner which I have no doubt will be stunning -

but it's of no use - I must stick to a couple of pictures, commissions! for I am just about cleaned out - and tin will be forked over on their completion -

Your "Vivien" is splendid in tone and colour especially the head - of course it is badly hung -

One of my pictures [is] refused and one put on the floor - You will perhaps be pleased to hear that the "White Girl" is a real success in Paris - and already I have had a letter to know if it may be possessed for gold! -

Adieu mon cher - Remember me to Tom Geckyl [aged 35] -

Jo [aged 20] says many things aimables - and if ever I lent her to anyone to paint, it should certainly be to you mon ami -

Adieu again - and success to the trip -

Ever yours,

J. Whistler [aged 28]

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Around December 1864. James Abbott McNeill Whistler [aged 30]. "Symphony in White, No. 2" aka The Little White Girl. Model Joanna Hiffernan [aged 21].

1865 to 1866. Gustave Courbet [aged 45]. "La Bella Irlandaise" aka "Portrait of Jo [aged 22]. Model Joanna Hiffernan.

1865 to 1867. James Abbott McNeill Whistler [aged 30]. "Symphony in White, No. 3". Model Joanna Hiffernan [aged 22].

In 1903 Joanna Hiffernan [aged 60] died.