Stonehenge Bronze Age Carbon Dates is in Stonehenge Bronze Age.
Carbon Date. 6520BC. Mesolithic Carbon Dates
Report: charcoal:Pinus sp
ID: 6095, C14 ID: OxA-4919 Date BP: 8520 +/- 80, Start Date BP: 8440, End BP: 8600
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2460BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:ox jaw
ID: 6066, C14 ID: OxA-4834 Date BP: 4460 +/- 45, Start Date BP: 4415, End BP: 4505
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2455BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:ox jaw
ID: 6067, C14 ID: OxA-4835 Date BP: 4455 +/- 40, Start Date BP: 4415, End BP: 4495
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2405BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as 3 articulated cattle vertebrae, from ditch L-Q (C42, S54; S62, 834, 854) at Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England. Subm 1995[?]. Comment (M J Allen): from very early in Phase 2, representing secondary fills of ditch and construction of timber structures. This deposit and that of OxA-5981 both retained tendons and sinew on deposition and so cannot be considered as residual. This date overlaps range of high precision dates for Phase I ditch-digging.
ID: 8268, C14 ID: OxA-5982 Date BP: 4405 +/- 30, Start Date BP: 4375, End BP: 4435
OS Letter: SSU, OS East: 123, OS North: 422
Archaeologist Name: R Cleal et al
Reference Name: Archaeometry, 38, 1996, 401-7; Archaeometry, 39, 1997, 252 (supplementary information Cleal, R M J et al, 'Stonehenge in its landscape: 20th century excavations' (Engl Heritage Archaeol Rep, 10, 1995), appendix 2 [not this date]
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2381BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Antler, from context 2804, bottom of primary ditch (C.28.10) of Phase 1 at Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England. Comment (subm): Date accepted as reliable; 2 sigma cal range given.
ID: 8042, C14 ID: UB-3788 Date BP: 4381 +/- 18, Start Date BP: 4363, End BP: 4399
OS Letter: SU, OS East: 123, OS North: 422
Archaeologist Name: (ed Cleal)
Reference Name: Cleal, R M J et al, 'Stonehenge in its landscape: 20th century excavations' (Engl Heritage Archaeol Rep, 10, 1995), appendix 2, Table 64
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2375BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Antler, from context 2801, bottom of primary ditch (C.20) of Phase 1 at Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England. Comment (subm): Date accepted as reliable; 2 sigma cal range given.Stonehenge Bronze Age Carbon Dates
ID: 8043, C14 ID: UB-3787 Date BP: 4375 +/- 19, Start Date BP: 4356, End BP: 4394
OS Letter: SU, OS East: 123, OS North: 422
Archaeologist Name: (ed Cleal)
Reference Name: Cleal, R M J et al, 'Stonehenge in its landscape: 20th century excavations' (Engl Heritage Archaeol Rep, 10, 1995), appendix 2, Table 64
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2365BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6092, C14 ID: OxA-4904 Date BP: 4365 +/- 55, Start Date BP: 4310, End BP: 4420
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2315BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:Ox pelvis
ID: 6075, C14 ID: OxA-4843 Date BP: 4315 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4255, End BP: 4375
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2300BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6082, C14 ID: OxA-4881 Date BP: 4300 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4240, End BP: 4360
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
William of Worcester's Chronicle of England
William of Worcester, born around 1415, and died around 1482 was secretary to John Fastolf, the renowned soldier of the Hundred Years War, during which time he collected documents, letters, and wrote a record of events. Following their return to England in 1440 William was witness to major events. Twice in his chronicle he uses the first person: 1. when writing about the murder of Thomas, 7th Baron Scales, in 1460, he writes '… and I saw him lying naked in the cemetery near the porch of the church of St. Mary Overie in Southwark …' and 2. describing King Edward IV's entry into London in 1461 he writes '… proclaimed that all the people themselves were to recognize and acknowledge Edward as king. I was present and heard this, and immediately went down with them into the city'. William’s Chronicle is rich in detail. It is the source of much information about the Wars of the Roses, including the term 'Diabolical Marriage' to describe the marriage of Queen Elizabeth Woodville’s brother John’s marriage to Katherine, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk, he aged twenty, she sixty-five or more, and the story about a paper crown being placed in mockery on the severed head of Richard, 3rd Duke of York.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Carbon Date. 2300BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone: Bos
ID: 6084, C14 ID: OxA-4883 Date BP: 4300 +/- 70, Start Date BP: 4230, End BP: 4370
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2295BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:ox ulna
ID: 6073, C14 ID: OxA-4841 Date BP: 4295 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4235, End BP: 4355
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2270BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:Ox femur
ID: 6083, C14 ID: OxA-4882 Date BP: 4270 +/- 65, Start Date BP: 4205, End BP: 4335
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2220BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:ox axis vertebra
ID: 6076, C14 ID: OxA-4844 Date BP: 4220 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 4160, End BP: 4280
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 2220BC. Early Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: Bone, id as piglet, C20, AB49, AB50, from articulated skeleton in ditch at Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England. Subm 1995[?]. Comment (M J Allen): from earlier part of Phase 2, representing secondary fills of ditch and construction of timber structures. This deposit and that of OxA-5982 both retained tendons and sinew on deposition and so cannot be considered as residual.
ID: 8267, C14 ID: OxA-5981 Date BP: 4220 +/- 35, Start Date BP: 4185, End BP: 4255
OS Letter: SSU, OS East: 123, OS North: 422
Archaeologist Name: R Cleal et al
Reference Name: Archaeometry, 38, 1996, 401-7; Archaeometry, 39, 1997, 252 (supplementary information Cleal, R M J et al, 'Stonehenge in its landscape: 20th century excavations' (Engl Heritage Archaeol Rep, 10, 1995), appendix 2 [not this date]
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1995BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6069, C14 ID: OxA-4837 Date BP: 3995 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 3935, End BP: 4055
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1985BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6072, C14 ID: OxA-4840 Date BP: 3985 +/- 45, Start Date BP: 3940, End BP: 4030
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1980BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:ox scapula
ID: 6091, C14 ID: OxA-4903 Date BP: 3980 +/- 45, Start Date BP: 3935, End BP: 4025
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1960BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:human femur
ID: 6087, C14 ID: OxA-4886 Date BP: 3960 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 3900, End BP: 4020
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1935BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6085, C14 ID: OxA-4884 Date BP: 3935 +/- 50, Start Date BP: 3885, End BP: 3985
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1885BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6070, C14 ID: OxA-4838 Date BP: 3885 +/- 40, Start Date BP: 3845, End BP: 3925
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
This is a translation of the 'Memoires of Jacques du Clercq', published in 1823 in two volumes, edited by Frederic, Baron de Reissenberg. In his introduction Reissenberg writes: 'Jacques du Clercq tells us that he was born in 1424, and that he was a licentiate in law and a counsellor to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in the castellany of Douai, Lille, and Orchies. It appears that he established his residence at Arras. In 1446, he married the daughter of Baldwin de la Lacherie, a gentleman who lived in Lille. We read in the fifth book of his Memoirs that his father, also named Jacques du Clercq, had married a lady of the Le Camelin family, from Compiègne. His ancestors, always attached to the counts of Flanders, had constantly served them, whether in their councils or in their armies.' The Memoires cover a period of nineteen years beginning in in 1448, ending in in 1467. It appears that the author had intended to extend the Memoirs beyond that date; no doubt illness or death prevented him from carrying out this plan. As Reissenberg writes the 'merit of this work lies in the simplicity of its narrative, in its tone of good faith, and in a certain air of frankness which naturally wins the reader’s confidence.' Du Clercq ranges from events of national and international importance, including events of the Wars of the Roses in England, to simple, everyday local events such as marriages, robberies, murders, trials and deaths, including that of his own father in Book 5; one of his last entries.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Carbon Date. 1885BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:pig tibia
ID: 6080, C14 ID: OxA-4879 Date BP: 3885 +/- 55, Start Date BP: 3830, End BP: 3940
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1875BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:pig radius & ulna
ID: 6081, C14 ID: OxA-4880 Date BP: 3875 +/- 55, Start Date BP: 3820, End BP: 3930
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1865BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:Bos pelvis
ID: 6093, C14 ID: OxA-4905 Date BP: 3865 +/- 40, Start Date BP: 3825, End BP: 3905
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1865BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6088, C14 ID: OxA-4900 Date BP: 3865 +/- 50, Start Date BP: 3815, End BP: 3915
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1860BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6071, C14 ID: OxA-4839 Date BP: 3860 +/- 40, Start Date BP: 3820, End BP: 3900
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1825BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:human femur
ID: 6103, C14 ID: OxA-5045 Date BP: 3825 +/- 60, Start Date BP: 3765, End BP: 3885
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1800BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:pig
ID: 6089, C14 ID: OxA-4901 Date BP: 3800 +/- 45, Start Date BP: 3755, End BP: 3845
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1785BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:human femur
ID: 6102, C14 ID: OxA-5044 Date BP: 3785 +/- 70, Start Date BP: 3715, End BP: 3855
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1775BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: bone:human femur
ID: 6104, C14 ID: OxA-5046 Date BP: 3775 +/- 55, Start Date BP: 3720, End BP: 3830
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1740BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
ID: 6079, C14 ID: OxA-4878 Date BP: 3740 +/- 40, Start Date BP: 3700, End BP: 3780
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
Available at Amazon in eBook and Paperback format.
Carbon Date. 1720BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler; from near the base of the ditch.
ID: 17862, C14 ID: HAR 2013 Date BP: 3720 +/- 70, Start Date BP: 3790, End BP: 3650
Abstract: Stonehenge: Avenue [Map]; 1976-77
Reference Name: Jordan, D, Haddon-Reece, D, Bayliss, A 1994 'Radiocarbon dates: from samples funded by English Heritage and dated before 1981', London: English Heritage
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1695BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
ID: 6078, C14 ID: OxA-4877 Date BP: 3695 +/- 55, Start Date BP: 3640, End BP: 3750
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767
Carbon Date. 1540BC. Middle Bronze Age Carbon Dates
Report: antler:red deer
ID: 6068, C14 ID: OxA-4836 Date BP: 3540 +/- 45, Start Date BP: 3495, End BP: 3585
Abstract: Stonehenge, England
Archaeologist Name: Allen
Reference Name: Archaeometry 38(2), 1996, 391-415
Council for British Archaeology (2012) Archaeological Site Index to Radiocarbon Dates from Great Britain and Ireland [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1017767