The History of William Marshal was commissioned by his son shortly after William’s death in 1219 to celebrate the Marshal’s remarkable life; it is an authentic, contemporary voice. The manuscript was discovered in 1861 by French historian Paul Meyer. Meyer published the manuscript in its original Anglo-French in 1891 in two books. This book is a line by line translation of the first of Meyer’s books; lines 1-10152. Book 1 of the History begins in 1139 and ends in 1194. It describes the events of the Anarchy, the role of William’s father John, John’s marriages, William’s childhood, his role as a hostage at the siege of Newbury, his injury and imprisonment in Poitou where he met Eleanor of Aquitaine and his life as a knight errant. It continues with the accusation against him of an improper relationship with Margaret, wife of Henry the Young King, his exile, and return, the death of Henry the Young King, the rebellion of Richard, the future King Richard I, war with France, the death of King Henry II, and the capture of King Richard, and the rebellion of John, the future King John. It ends with the release of King Richard and the death of John Marshal.
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Paternal Family Tree: Villiers
Maternal Family Tree: Janet Lyle
Before 1651 [her father] Edward Villiers (age 30) and [her mother] Frances Howard were married. She the daughter of [her grandfather] Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk and [her grandmother] Elizabeth Home Countess Suffolk.
In 1654 Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge was born to [her father] Edward Villiers (age 33) and [her mother] Frances Howard.
Before 1671 [her daughter] Mary Berkeley Viscountess Chetwynd was born to John Berkeley 4th Viscount Fitzhardinge (age 20) and Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 16). She married 27th May 1703 Walter Chetwynd 1st Viscount Chetwynd.
Before 1677 Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 22) became a Maid of Honour to the daughters of King James II of England Scotland and Ireland (age 43): Princess Mary (age 14) and Princess Anne (age 11) and possibly others.
In October 1677 [her mother] Frances Howard died.
On 1st February 1678 [her brother-in-law] William Bentinck 1st Earl of Portland (age 28) and [her sister] Anne Villiers Countess Portland (age 27) were married. She by marriage Countess of Portland.
On 17th December 1681 [her brother] Edward Villiers 1st Earl Jersey (age 25) and [her sister-in-law] Barbara Chiffinch Countess Jersey (age 18) were married.
In February 1685 [her father] Edward Villiers (age 64) and Martha Love were married at Westminster Abbey [Map].
In 1688 [her sister] Anne Villiers Countess Portland (age 37) died.
Before 2nd July 1689 [her father] Edward Villiers (age 69) died.
The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy
The Gesta Normannorum Ducum [The Deeds of the Dukes of Normandy] is a landmark medieval chronicle tracing the rise and fall of the Norman dynasty from its early roots through the pivotal events surrounding the Norman Conquest of England. Originally penned in Latin by the monk William of Jumièges shortly before 1060 and later expanded at the behest of William the Conqueror, the work chronicles the deeds, politics, battles, and leadership of the Norman dukes, especially William’s own claim to the English throne. The narrative combines earlier historical sources with firsthand information and oral testimony to present an authoritative account of Normandy’s transformation from a Viking settlement into one of medieval Europe’s most powerful realms. William’s history emphasizes the legitimacy, military prowess, and governance of the Norman line, framing their expansion, including the conquest of England, as both divinely sanctioned and noble in purpose. Later chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and Robert of Torigni continued the history, extending the coverage into the 12th century, providing broader context on ducal rule and its impact. Today this classic work remains a foundational source for understanding Norman identity, medieval statesmanship, and the historical forces that reshaped England and Western Europe between 800AD and 1100AD.
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On 13th June 1690 Maurice Berkeley 3rd Viscount Fitzhardinge (age 61) died. His brother John (age 40) succeeded 4th Viscount Fitzhardinge of Berehaven in Kerry, 2nd Baronet Berkeley of Bruton in Somerset. Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 36) by marriage Viscountess Fitzhardinge of Berehaven in Kerry.
In 1691 [her brother] Edward Villiers 1st Earl Jersey (age 35) was created 1st Viscount Villiers, 1st Baron Villiers probably as a consequence of his sister Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 37) being a mistress of King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 40). [her sister-in-law] Barbara Chiffinch Countess Jersey (age 28) by marriage Viscountess Villiers.
In April 1691 [her brother-in-law] William O'Brien 3rd Earl Inchiquin (age 29) and [her sister] Mary Villiers Countess Inchiquin were married. He the son of William O'Brien 2nd Earl Inchiquin (age 51) and Margaret Boyle Countess Inchiquin. They were first cousin once removed.
On 16th January 1692 William O'Brien 2nd Earl Inchiquin (age 52) died. His son [her brother-in-law] William (age 30) succeeded 3rd Earl Inchiquin. [her sister] Mary Villiers Countess Inchiquin by marriage Countess Inchiquin.
On 23rd May 1695 [her brother-in-law] John Campbell 2nd Earl Breadalbaine and Holland (age 32) and [her sister] Henrietta Villiers Countess Breadalbaine and Holland were married. He the son of John Campbell 1st Earl Breadalbaine and Holland (age 58) and Mary Rich. They were sixth cousins.
On 25th November 1695 [her brother-in-law] George Hamilton 1st Earl Orkney (age 29) and [her sister] Elizabeth Villiers Countess Orkney (age 38) were married. He the son of William Hamilton 1st Duke Hamilton and Anne Hamilton 3rd Duchess Hamilton (age 63). They were half second cousin once removed.
In 1696 [her brother-in-law] George Hamilton 1st Earl Orkney (age 29) was created 1st Earl Orkney. [her sister] Elizabeth Villiers Countess Orkney (age 39) by marriage Countess Orkney.
In 1697 [her brother] Edward Villiers 1st Earl Jersey (age 41) was created 1st Earl Jersey probably as a consequence of his sister Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 43) being a mistress of King William III of England, Scotland and Ireland (age 46). [her sister-in-law] Barbara Chiffinch Countess Jersey (age 34) by marriage Countess Jersey.
Around 1702. Godfrey Kneller (age 55). Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 48) and Sarah Jennings Duchess of Marlborough (age 41) playing cards.
After 9th March 1702 Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 48) was appointed Lady in Waiting to Queen Anne of England Scotland and Ireland (age 37).
Henrici Quinti, Angliæ Regis, Gesta, is a first-hand account of the Agincourt Campaign, and subsequent events to his death in 1422. The author of the first part was a Chaplain in King Henry's retinue who was present from King Henry's departure at Southampton in 1415, at the siege of Harfleur, the battle of Agincourt, and the celebrations on King Henry's return to London. The second part, by another writer, relates the events that took place including the negotiations at Troye, Henry's marriage and his death in 1422.
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On 27th May 1703 [her son-in-law] Walter Chetwynd 1st Viscount Chetwynd (age 24) and [her daughter] Mary Berkeley Viscountess Chetwynd (age 32) were married at St Martin in the Fields Church [Map].
On 19th September 1708 Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge (age 54) died. She was buried at Westminster Abbey [Map].
[her daughter] Frances Berkeley was born to John Berkeley 4th Viscount Fitzhardinge and Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge. She married before 1721 her fifth cousin once removed Thomas Clarges 2nd Baronet, son of Walter Clarges 1st Baronet and Jane Herbert, and had issue.
John Berkeley 4th Viscount Fitzhardinge and Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge were married.
Kings Wessex: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of King Edmund "Ironside" I of England
Kings Gwynedd: Great x 16 Grand Daughter of Owain "Great" King Gwynedd
Kings Seisyllwg: Great x 22 Grand Daughter of Hywel "Dda aka Good" King Seisyllwg King Deheubarth
Kings Powys: Great x 17 Grand Daughter of Maredudd ap Bleddyn King Powys
Kings Godwinson: Great x 20 Grand Daughter of King Harold II of England
Kings England: Great x 10 Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Kings Scotland: Great x 18 Grand Daughter of King Duncan I of Scotland
Kings Franks: Great x 25 Grand Daughter of Charles "Charlemagne aka Great" King of the Franks King Lombardy Holy Roman Emperor
Kings France: Great x 19 Grand Daughter of Hugh I King of the Franks
Kings Duke Aquitaine: Great x 23 Grand Daughter of Ranulf I Duke Aquitaine
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Villiers 
Great x 3 Grandfather: John Villiers
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Villiers of Brooksby Leicestershire
Great x 1 Grandfather: George Villiers of Brokesby
Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard Clarke
Great x 2 Grandmother: Collette Clarke
GrandFather: Edward Villiers
Great x 2 Grandfather: William Saunders of Harrington Northamptonshire
Great x 1 Grandmother: Audrey Saunders
Father: Edward Villiers 9 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John St John 
7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: John St John 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Joan Iwardby
Great x 2 Grandfather: Nicholas St John 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Carew 
4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Margaret Carew 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Malyn Oxenbridge
Great x 1 Grandfather: John St John 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Richard Blount of Iver in Buckinghamshire 
11 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Richard Blount of Mapledurham in Oxfordshire 12 x Great Grand Son of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Blount 13 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
GrandMother: Barbara St John 8 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Edward Hungerford 
8 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Walter Hungerford 1st Baron Hungerford Heytesbury 9 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jane Zouche 
9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry "Curtmantle" II of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Walter Hungerford 10 x Great Grand Son of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John Danvers 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Susan Danvers
Great x 1 Grandmother: Lucy Hungerford 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Robert Dormer of Wing 
Great x 3 Grandfather: William Dormer
Great x 2 Grandmother: Anne Dormer
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Sidney 
Great x 3 Grandmother: Mary Sidney
Great x 4 Grandmother: Anne Pakenham
Barbara Villiers Viscountess Fitzhardinge 10 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk 
6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Howard Earl of Surrey 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Stafford Duchess Norfolk 
5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Thomas Howard 4th Duke of Norfolk 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: John de Vere 15th Earl of Oxford 
5 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Frances Vere Countess of Surrey 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Elizabeth Trussell Countess of Oxford 11 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry I "Beauclerc" England
Great x 1 Grandfather: Thomas Howard 1st Earl Suffolk 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Geoffrey Audley 
Great x 3 Grandfather: Thomas Audley 1st Baron Audley Walden
Great x 2 Grandmother: Margaret Audley Duchess Norfolk 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Grey 2nd Marquess Dorset 
4 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Elizabeth Grey Baroness Audley 5 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Margaret Wotton Marchioness Dorset 
GrandFather: Theophilus Howard 2nd Earl Suffolk 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Thomas Knyvet 
9 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Henry Knyvet of Charlton Wiltshire 7 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Muriel Howard Viscountess Lisle 6 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Henry Knyvet 8 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: Christopher Pickering 6 x Great Grand Son of King Edward I of England
Great x 3 Grandmother: Anne Pickering 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 4 Grandmother: Jane Lewknor 7 x Great Grand Daughter of King Henry III of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Catherine Knyvet Countess Suffolk 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward I of England
Great x 2 Grandmother: Elizabeth Stumpe
Mother: Frances Howard 9 x Great Grand Daughter of King Edward III of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: George Home
Great x 3 Grandfather: David Home
Great x 2 Grandfather: Alexander Manderston Home
Great x 1 Grandfather: George Home 1st Earl Dunbar
GrandMother: Elizabeth Home Countess Suffolk 15 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 4 Grandfather: William Gordon of 1st of Gight 11 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: James Gordon 2nd of Gight 12 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 2 Grandfather: Alexander Gordon 3rd of Gight 13 x Great Grand Son of King John of England
Great x 1 Grandmother: Elizabeth Gordon Countess Dunbar 14 x Great Grand Daughter of King John of England
Great x 3 Grandfather: Cardinal David Beaton
Great x 2 Grandmother: Agnes Beaton
Great x 4 Grandfather: James Ogilvy
Great x 3 Grandmother: Marion Ogilvy
Great x 4 Grandmother: Janet Lyle